2015届高考英语第二轮知识点训练题49.doc

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任务型阅读专练 A
Naturally regulate your sleep-wake cycle
Melatonin（褪黑激素）is a naturally occurring hormone（激素）that helps regulate your sleep-wake cycle．Melatonin production is controlled by light exposure．Your brain should produce more in the evening, when it's dark, to make you sleepy, and less during the day when it's light and you want to stay awake．However, many aspects of modern life can disturb your body's natural production of melatonin and your sleep-wake cycle．
Spending long days in an office away from natural light, for example, can impact your daytime wakefulness and make your brain sleepy．Then bright lights at night—especially from hours spent in front of the TV or computer screen—can hold back your body's production of melatonin and make it harder to sleep, However, there are ways for you to naturally regulate your sleep-wake cycle, improve your body's production of melatonin, and keep your brain on a
healthy schedule．
Increase light exposure during the day
☆Remove your sunglasses in the morning and let light onto your face．
☆Spend more time outside during daylight．Try to take your work breaks outside in sun light, exercise outside, or walk your dog during the day instead of at night．
☆Let as much light into your home/workspace as possible．Keep curtains and blinds open during the day, move your desk closer to the window．
☆If necessary, use a light treatment box．A light treatment box can create sunshine and can be especially useful during short winter days when there's limited daylight．
Improve melatonin production at night
☆Turn off your television and computer．Many people use the television to fall asleep or relax at the end of the day．Not only does the light hold back melatonin production, but television can actually excite the mind, rather than relaxing it．Try listening to music or audio books, or practicing relaxation exercises．If your favorite TV show is on late at night, record it for viewing earlier in the day．
☆Don't read from a backlit device at night （such as an iPad）．If you use a portable electronic device to read, use an eReader that is not backlit, i．e．one that requires an additional light source such as a bedside lamp.
☆Change your light bulbs．Avoid bright lights before bed, use low-wattage bulbs instead．
☆When it's time to sleep, make sure the room is dark．The darker it is, the better you'll sleep． Cover electrical displays, use heavy curtains or shades to block light from windows, or try an eye mask to cover your eyes．
☆ Use a flashlight to go to the bathroom at night．As long as it's safe to do so, keep the light to a minimum so it will be easier to go back to sleep．
Title : Naturally regulate your sleep-wake cycle

Passage outline
Supporting details

Deciding factor
Melatonin, a hormone that （66）_________ naturally, helps regulate

your sleep-wake cycle．
☆（67）______________ melatonin in the evening makes you sleepy, while
less melatonin during the day makes you （68）____________ ．

Disturbing
（69）______________
☆Long days in an office away from （70）_______________ light

☆ Long hours in front of the TV or computer screen

（71）____________ to
increasing light
exposure
☆ （72）______________off your sunglasses in the morning

☆ Spend more time outside during daylight

☆ Keep curtains open and sit close to the window

Use a light treatment box especially in (73)

Methods of
improving
melatonin
production
☆ Listen to music （74）___________________of watching TV

☆ Avoid （75）______________from a backlit device

☆ Use low-wattage bulbs

☆ Use heavy curtains to make the room dark

Use a flashlight to go to the bathroom

B
Do we need an “Ivy League”?
The news of this Chinese “Ivy League” has received mixed responses from the public and press. Some negative critics have dismissed it as yet another example of the wishful copying of international practices without fully understanding them. Others say that the “Ivy League” is not necessary but that the union is a good idea, one that could promote academic development.
So what’s your opinion on a Chinese “Ivy League”? Do we need one?
Yes. Ivy League or not, nine of China’s best universities cooperating is a good thing.
These universities combining resources could create a better environment for students and for research. It could also save a lot of time and resources because it would mean fewer unnecessary investments for some of the universities.
Allowing students to move to or have exchanges with other universities could broaden their horizons, improve their social skills and create more employment opportunities. The results could be more important than lessons and achievements.
The term “Ivy League” carries a sense of academic excellence, tradition and reputation. If borrowing such a term could encourage students’ and professors’ mental state and improve Chinese higher education, then there’s no reason not to do it.
No. Universities should do some work on increasing cooperation instead of copying an “Ivy League” model.
Many Chinese universities already have such cooperation with each other. If this cooperation were associated with the “Ivy League”, it would just distract (分散) attention and resources and have a negative effect.
These Chinese universities are all state-run and most get their funding from the government. They’re quite similar to each other in many ways and more cooperation wouldn’t bring about as much potential ability as between , say, public and private, or Chinese and foreign universities.
China should find its own way to develop world-class universities instead of by copying some foreign practices. We have our own unique conditions and foreign lessons often don’t apply well here.

Ivy in America
Originally referred to an athletic conference of eight famous

universities in the 71 __________ of America

Ivy
in
China
Member universities
Nine famous universities

Purposes of the union
To exchange students

* To 72 __________ the academic achievements
* To work on joint programs

73______ from the public

Positive side
1. The cooperation is good for the combination of resources and 75 _______ of a better environment.
2. Students will have 76_________ difficulty finding jobs through the student-exchange program.
3. The cooperation will encourage students and professors 77 ____________ .

74 _______ side
1. 78_________ will be drawn away and resources will be divided.
2. The cooperation won’t have great effects because of the 79 _____________ between state-run universities in many ways.
3. China should develop world-class universities in its unique way without
80 _________ foreign practices blindly.

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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