2016届高考英语第二轮复习冲刺演练12.doc

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第12练　阅读理解＋任务型阅读＋短文改错＋书面表达
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文　话题：海洋生物　词数：365　时间：7′
There are many dangerous sea creatures in the world.The following are some examples.
The needlefish are commonly seen living near the surface of tropical (热带的) waters.But they can also break__cover the water，and once in the air they can become dangerous flying swords.Though it is rare，people have been seriously hurt and even killed when stabbed by the fish's sharp and long jaws (下巴)．Night fishermen in small boats are at particular risk because their lights may attract the fish.
Saltwater crocodiles are the world's largest crocodiles，sometimes reaching 23 feet in length and topping 2，200 pounds.Yet these crocodiles hunt quietly，lying in wait below shoreline waters to attack crabs，turtles and thirsty animals that have come to drink.Saltwater crocodiles kill a number of people each year.
There is no doubt that the great white shark sits atop the ocean food chain.The world's largest fish can weigh at over 5，000 pounds and reach lengths of more than 20 feet.Great white sharks have about 3，000 teeth，which they typically sink into sea lions，seals，small toothed whales，and sea turtles.These sharks are responsible for a third to a half of the 100 shark attacks on humans every year.
The sea anemone (海葵) may look like the beautiful flower for which it's named，but fish that swim too close may regret it.The sea anemone，which lives on the sea floor，uses its poisonous tentacles (触须) to stab passing creatures with a kind of poison—making them helpless and fit to be eaten.
The surgeonfish (刺尾鱼) is an attractive reef fish that is poisonous.Scientists believe that the world's seas hold some 1，200 different surgeonfish species and think that they injure about 50，000 people per year.But the surgeonfish poison can also bring great benefit—they are useful in the development of new drugs.
【语篇解读】　本文介绍了5种危险的海洋生物。
1．The underlined phrase “break cover” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________．
A．jump out of B．break away from
C．get away from D．go back to
答案　A　[词义猜测题。根据后文“once in the air”可知，needlefish在空中的时候会变成危险的飞剑，由此可以猜测画线短语的意思应该是“跳出(离)”之意。]
2．How many attacks on humans do great white sharks do every year?
A．About 26. B．About 45.
C．About 60. D．About 75.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第四段“These sharks are responsible for a third to a half of the 100 shark attacks on humans every year.”可知，大白鲨每年袭击人类次数大约为33～50次左右。]
3．It can be known from the passage that ________．
A．the saltwater crocodiles are gentle and never hurt people
B．the sea anemone lives near the surface of the sea
C．the great white shark is the largest fish in the world
D．the needlefish live in the sea all around the world
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第四段“The world's largest fish can weigh at over 5，000 pounds and reach lengths of more than 20 feet.”可知，大白鲨是世界上最大的鱼。]
4．Which of the following can be used to benefit human society?
A．The needlefish.
B．The sea anemone.
C．The great white shark.
D．The surgeonfish.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“they are useful in the development of new drugs”可知，刺尾鱼的毒可以制造药品，由此可知这种鱼可以造福人类社会。]
B
体裁：记叙文　话题：名人传记　词数：660　时间：8′
This was spring.One day in spring four men were riding on horseback along a country road.These men were lawyers, and they were going to the next town to attend court.
There had been a rain, and the ground was very soft.Water was dripping__from the trees, and the grass was wet.
The four lawyers rode along, one behind another; for the pathway was narrow, and the mud on each side of it was deep.They rode slowly, and talked and laughed and was very happy.
As they were passing through a row of small trees, they heard a great flutter(拍动)over their heads and a weak cry in the grass by the roadside.
Some voice came from the green branches above them.
Some voice came from the wet grass.
The ground was wet.It's obvious that there had been a heavy wind and rain.And soon，one of the men，Speed, recognized that the sounds were from the robins(知更鸟)．They came to the grass, and found there were two robins were in the grass.It was probable that the birds had been blown out of their nest by the storm.The birds were hurt and their mother was very worried about it.The birds were in danger!
Lincoln believed that something should be done to help the birds.But his companions did not think it important.They went away, but Lincoln stayed.
The three men, as they passed, looked down and saw the little birds fluttering in the cold, wet grass.They saw the mother robin flying about, and crying to her mate.
Then they rode on, talking and laughing as before.In a few minutes they had forgotten about the birds.
But the fourth lawyer, whose name was Abraham Lincoln, stopped.He got down from his horse and very gently took the little ones up in his big warm hands.
They did not seem frightened, but shouted softly, as if they knew they were safe.Mr.Lincoln wanted to put the little birds into their nest.Then he looked up to find the nest from which they had fallen.It was high, much higher than he could reach.
But Mr.Lincoln could climb.He had climbed many a tree when he was a boy.He put the birds softly, one by one, into their warm little home.Two other baby birds that had not fallen out were there.All joined together and were very happy.
Soon the three lawyers who had ridden ahead stopped at a spring to give their horses water.And soon they found Mr.Lincoln lost.
They were surprised to find that Abraham Lincoln was not with them.They waited by the spring.
In a few minutes Mr.Lincoln joined them.His shoes were covered with mud; he had torn his coat on the tree.When they saw Mr.Lincoln come, they asked him where he had been.After Mr.Lincoln told them he had helped the birds in need, the three lawyers were in surprise.
“Well，we always thought you were a hero，”said Mr.Speed.“Now we know it.”
Then all three of them laughed heartily.They thought it so foolish that a strong man should take so much trouble just for some worthless young birds.
“ Gentlemen，” said Mr.Lincoln, “I could not sleep tonight, if I had left those helpless little robins to die in the wet grass.”
Abraham Lincoln afterwards became very famous as a lawyer and statesman.He was elected president.Next to Washington he was the greatest American.
【语篇解读】　本文是名人传记，讲的是林肯帮助小鸟回巢的事情。这个小善举表明了林肯的仁爱之心。
5．What were the four men going to do?
A．Go to the forest. B．Go to have dinner.
C．Go home. D．Go to work.
答案　D　[考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“they were going to the next town to attend court”可知，他们是去工作。]
6．What does the underlined phrase “dripping from” mean?
A．Dropping from. B．Running away.
C．Washing away. D．Coming from.
答案　A　[考查词义猜测。前面说下过雨，按照常识可知，雨水应是从树上滴下来，故选A项。]
7．What made the little birds fall out of their nest?
A．Other birds. B．Storm.
C．Hunters. D．Speed.
答案　B　[考查细节理解。从文章第七段中的“It was probable that the birds had been blown out of their nest by the storm”可以看出答案。]
8．The other three men stopped at a spring because ________．
A．they were tired
B．they were waiting for Lincoln
C．they wanted to drink some water
D．they wanted to give their horses water
答案　D　[考查细节理解。从文章第十四段中的“Soon the three lawyers who had ridden ahead stopped at a spring to give their horses water”可以看出答案。]
9．The reason why Lincoln's coat got torn was that ________．
A．he climbed up the tree to help the birds
B．he was poor
C．he thought it necessary to help the birds
D．the coat was not of good quality
答案　A　[考查细节理解。由倒数第五段中的“His shoes were covered with mud；he had torn his coat on the tree”可知，答案选A项。]
10．What kind of man was Lincoln from the text?
A．Kind. B．Cruel.
C．Unfriendly. D．Indifferent.
答案　A　[考查推理判断。文章讲述了林肯帮助两只小鸟回巢的故事，由此可以看出林肯是一个好心肠的人。]
Ⅱ.下面文章中有5个段落需要添加首句(第11～15题)。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E、F)中选出适合各段意思的首句。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A．Take Action.
B．Expect Nothing.
C．Bear Responsibility.
D．Stop Seeking Excitement.
E．Chase an idea of happiness.
F．Stop Chasing and Start Living.
Five Ways To Stay Happy No Matter What Happens
Most people have no control over their emotional well­being.They feel happy when good things happen and depressed when things go wrong.Their lives are roller coaster rides: sometimes up，sometimes way down.But what if you could be happy no matter what happens? You'd stay calm when your car breaks down and your boss shouts at you.You'd stop feeling lonely when there's no one to talk to on a rainy day.You'd never lose sleep over a relationship that isn't working out.If being in command of your emotional state sounds good，take charge of your life with these 5 easy tips.
11．________Many people feel they need something—more money，new clothes，better relationships—to make them happy.They think: “If only I had that other thing，I would be complete”．Instead of enjoying life，they chase a vague idea of happiness.But even when you get everything that's supposed to make you happy，life will have ups and downs.Today your car breaks down; tomorrow you pull your calf muscle.If you look hard enough，you'll always find reasons to be miserable.So stop chasing; start living.Wanting more is fine，but don't forget to relax and enjoy life for what it is—in the present.
12．________We often blame other people，circumstances and even objects for our problems.“I'm this way because my dad didn't love me enough”； “I hate my stupid car for breaking down all the time.” But life is full of different people and situations: some are good and some are bad.Unless you bear responsibility for your life，you'll always be at the mercy of those circumstances.Instead of blaming others for what's wrong in your life，focus on what you can do to make things better.Never sulk and try not to feel sorry for yourself too often.It's your responsibility to make yourself happy: nobody else's.
13．________We live in a world of endless excitement.Between movies，video games and the internet，something exciting is always going on.Sometimes，this makes us feel bored and restless when we run out of stuff to do.If you want to be happy，overcome this addiction.Develop the ability to enjoy life in its entirety—even when the excitement stops.Appreciate the sky you see on your way to work each day.Cherish each moment you spend with the people you love.Save every bite of food you get to eat.Enjoying every experience will give you many new reasons to be happy.
14．________It is the logical consequence of bearing responsibility for your life.When you want to lose weight—start jogging.Someone's being rude to you? Tell them to stop.If you're unhappy with your job，start looking for a new one.Get behind the steering wheel of your own life! This site has plenty of advice that will help you take action the smart way.Educate yourself and commit to find happiness no matter what it takes.With enough hard work and dedication，you really can create the life you want.
15．________We expect others to treat us better than we treat them.We work out a few times and stress because we don't instantly look like models.We want to live like rockstars，ignoring the fact that only a few people reach that level of success.In short，we tend to have unreasonable expectations.The difference between what we feel entitled(给……权利) to and what we actually get is the source of much misery.Accept life in its entirety; stop thinking in terms of what should be and accept what is.When you live without entitlement，every good thing becomes a wonderful surprise.Even better，expecting nothing means never being disappointed.
At the end of the day，bad things will happen to you.You will have highs，lows and lots of mediums in your life.You're only human，just like everybody else.But follow the 5 tips in this post and you'll be well on your way to staying happy—no matter what happens.
答案　11.F　12.C　13.D　14.A　15.B
Ⅲ.短文改错
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My aunt was out of work in 2009.At a very beginning，she was afraid of being laughing at by others.She was worried about and wondered which she could find another job or not.It was hard for her to find a good job though she didn't have special skills.But some time late，she was no longer afraid of being looked down.She manages to find a job as a waitress at a teahouse and now she is a manager through hard work.She does well in her job，from where she can earn a lot of money.She have set the laid­off workers a good example.
答案　
My aunt was out of work in 2009.At very beginning，she was afraid of being at by others.She was worried and wondered she could find another job or not.It was hard for her to find a good job she didn't have special skills.But some time，she was no longer afraid of being looked down .She to find a job as a waitress at a teahouse and now she is a manager through hard work.She does well in her job，from she can earn a lot of money.She set the laid­off workers a good example.
Ⅳ.书面表达
微笑是世界语言，它可以给人勇气、信心、安慰……，让人与人之间的相处更加和谐。请你用英语写一篇关于微笑的短文，词数100～120。要求如下：
1．描述一次与微笑有关的经历；
2．说说你的感受及微笑的意义。
注意：开头已给出(不计入总词数)。
Smiling is a universal language，which can give us courage，confidence and comforts._________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Smiling_is a__universal_language，which_can give_us_courage，confidence and__comforts.
I still remember how upset I was when it was my turn to recite a poem before class.Feeling nervous and shy，I forgot almost everything.I decided to give up，but all my classmates，especially my teacher kept smiling at me encouragingly.Their smiles warmed me so much that I got over the difficulty and eventually made it.
I think smiling not only makes us happy but also helps build up our confidence，which makes a difference to our life.Furthermore，it will improve the relationship between us.It's smiling that brings harmony to our life.Only when you smile to the world will the world smile at you.Therefore，keep smiling and show your best to the world.

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

酱堪称咖茧休惰氏书怀势乘垫跨泰曼