高一英语下学期单元同步检测8.doc

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Unit 2 第3课时

Ⅰ.单项填空
1．We ________have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.
A．needn't B．may not
C．shouldn't D．mustn't
答案：B　句意：我们或许还没有证明是伟大的科学探索者，但我们已经取得了在过去的10年里最大的进展。may not have＋过去分词 “可能还没有……”。
2．The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I______the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.
A．should have taken
B．could have taken
C．needn't have taken
D．mustn't have taken
答案：C　句意：昨天天气很好。我本没有必要这么麻烦带把伞的。“needn't have＋过去分词”，“本来不必做某事而实际上已经做了”。
3．As you worked late yesterday, you________have come this morning.
A．mayn't B．can't
C．mustn't D．needn't
答案：D　句意：既然昨天你工作到那么晚，今天早上你就没有必要来了。“needn't have＋过去分词”，“本来不必做某事而实际上已经做了。”
4．He paid for a seat, when he______have entered free.
A．could B．would
C．must D．need
答案：A　句意：“他花钱买了张票，然而他本可以免费入场的”。本题的关键在于when一词，在本句中表示“尽管，虽然”。此外：“could have ＋过去分词”表示“本来可能发生但由于某种原因而没有发生的行为”，属于“虚拟语气”的用法。
5．He________have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn't be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A．should B．must
C．wouldn't D．can't
答案：B　句意：他的工作一定完成了；否则的话，他不可能会在海边玩得那么开心。“must have＋过去分词” 表示“对过去时间里可能发生的事情的肯定推测”，语气较强，具有“肯定，谅必”的意思。
6．This cake is very sweet.You______a lot of sugar in it.
A．should put B．could have put
C．might put D．must have put
答案：D　句意：这块蛋糕非常甜。你肯定在里面放了许多糖。本题设计巧妙，蛋糕甜的原因肯定是在里面放了一些糖。“must have＋过去分词” 表示“对过去时间里可能发生的事情的肯定推测”，语气较强，具有“肯定，谅必”的意思。
7．—Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?
—Something________to him.
A．must happen
B．should have happened
C．could have happened
D．must have happened
答案：D　句意：“汤姆上班从不迟到的。今天为何没来上班呢？”“他一定出事了。” 推测过去一定发生了某事，采用must have＋过去分词； 在肯定句中，推测过去可能或也许发生了某事，采用may/might/could have ＋过去分词。
8．—Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere.
—Well. He________have gone far—his coat's still here.
A．shouldn't B．mustn't
C．can't D．wouldn't
答案：C　句意：“你知道大卫去哪儿了吗？”“到处也找不到他。”“他一定没到远处去——他的外套还在这儿呢。”can't have＋过去分词：推测过去某个动作一定没有发生。
9．—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks. You____it. I could manage it myself.
A．needn't do B．needn't have done
C．mustn't do D．shouldn't have done
答案：B　句意：“凯瑟琳，房间我已经为你打扫好了。”“谢谢。 你没有必要这么做的。我自己能行。” needn't have done “本来不必做某事而实际上已经做了”。
10．I________have been more than six years old when the accident happened.
A．shouldn't B．couldn't
C．mustn't D．needn't
答案：B　句意：车祸发生时，我一定不超过6岁。“couldn't have done” 用于对过去情况的否定推测，表示某事一定没发生。mustn't表示“禁止做……”， 不用于否定推测。
11．I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They________at least 150 kilometers an hour.
A．should have been doing
B．must have been doing
C．could have done
D．would have done
答案：B　句意：他们当时的车速至少是每小时150千米。must have been doing用于肯定句，表示“推测过去某一动作正在发生”。
12．—The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh, dear! She ________a lot of difficulties.
A．may go through
B．might go through
C．ought to have gone through
D．must have gone through
答案：D　句意：“哦！她一定经历了许多困难。” must have done表示“对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测”，语气较强，具有“肯定，谅必”的意思。在肯定句中，推测过去可能或也许发生了某事，采用may/might/could have done。
13．I have lost one of my gloves. I________it somewhere.
A．must drop
B．must have dropped
C．must be dropping
D．must have been dropped
答案：B　句意：我的一只手套丢了。我一定把它丢在某个地方了。推测过去一定发生了某事，采用must have done。
14．Mr. White________at 830 for the meeting, but he didn't show up.
A．should have arrived
B．should arrive
C．should have had arrived
D．should be arriving
答案：A　句意：怀特先生本该830出席会议，但是他没有到场。“should/ought to have＋过去分词”表示：过去本应该做某事而没有做到；含有责备或遗憾的意思。例如：① I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I should have written it out for her.(NMET 94)② The plant is dead. I should have given it more water.(MET 87)．
15．—I'll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
—You________her last week.
A．ought to tell
B．would have told
C．must tell
D．should have told
答案：D　句意：上周你就应该告诉她的。“should/ought to have＋过去分词”表示：过去应该做某事而没有做到；含有责备或遗憾的意思。
Ⅱ.完形填空
阅读下面短文，理解大意，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

Enough sleep is important to health. The amount of sleep 　1　depends on the age of the person and the conditions in which sleep　2　. The young may need more sleep than the old, but　3　eight hours is enough for the 　4　of grown­ups. Some can do with less than this amount, but　5　may need more. Every person knows his own　6　. It is then a matter of how to　7　it. Sleep should always be enough to make one relaxed and ready for　8　work.
Fresh air is　9　to sound sleep(酣睡). It is reasonable for some people to　10　that it is practical to sleep in the open air.　11　a person can keep himself warm，　12　sleeping probably gives the body　13　complete relaxation.
Ability to sleep is largely a 　14　. The conditions referred to only lead to sleep. Out­of­door　15　， a good habit of regular　16　and the avoidance(避免)of late eating and worry are all helpful to sound sleep. Such factors(因素) are largely within the 　17　of any person. A bath at 　18　， neither hot nor cold but of 　19　temperature, may be helpful to sleep. Sleeping pills should never be taken except when suggested by　20　.
文章大意：你失眠过吗？如果有，下面的小短文会给一些改善睡眠的建议。不妨试试。
1．A.wished B．expected
C．needed D．wanted
答案：C　这里强调客观上通常所需的睡眠量，不是主观愿望。
2．A.falls down B．breaks out
C．wakes up D．takes place
答案：D　本句的完整意思应是“所需的睡眠量取决于人的年龄以及睡眠所处的环境”。
3．A.seldom B．sometimes
C．always D．generally
答案：D　本文所述的是通常情况，而不是偶尔的情况，也不是绝对情况。
4．A.health B．heads
C．night D．work
答案：A　对于成年人而言，8小时的睡眠时间足够了。
5．A.children B．women
C．others D．few
答案：C　根据前面的Some，这里应用others，指另一些人的情况，两者相对应。
6．A.need B．conditions
C．age D．sleep
答案：A　根据上文，这里作者认为，每一个人实际上都知道他自己的需要。
7．A.help B．satisfy
C．demand D．take
答案：B　既然每一个人都知道自己需要多少睡眠时间，那么应该是满足这一需要。
8．A.hard B．his own
C．a day's D．good
答案：C　指任何一天的工作。而不是仅对繁重的工作或对自己的工作而言。
9．A.necessary B．able
C．good D．best
答案：A　指清新的空气对酣睡是必要的。
10．A.suggest B．understand
C．insist D．agree
答案：C　从上下文来看这不是某些人的建议，而是他们坚持的一个事实。
11．A.As B．Where
C．While D．When
答案：D　户外睡眠有一个条件， 那就是必须不着凉，这里when相当于if，表条件。
12．A.good B．cold
C．out­of­door D．inside
答案：C　与前一句相呼应，这里指户外睡眠。
13．A.a strong B．a most
C．a bad D．an exciting
答案：B　most前用不定冠词，相当于very，语气较强。
14．A.practice B．pleasure
C．problem D．habit
答案：D　一个人的睡眠还有一个能力问题，而能睡不能睡主要还是一个人的生活习惯问题。
15．A.walks B．exercises
C．trips D．housework
答案：A　指户外散步的习惯，walk作“散步”解时为可数名词。B项应用单数exercise。
16．A.hours B．drinking
C．dreams D．medicine
答案：B　指有节制的饮酒习惯。
17．A.fight B．plan
C．control D．thought
答案：C　上述生活习惯任何人都是可以调节或控制的。
18．A.any time B．bedtime
C．midnight D．lunchtime
答案：B　指睡觉前的洗澡习惯，其它时间均不符文意。
19．A.freezing B．boiling
C．low D．body
答案：D　指相当于体温温度的洗澡水。
20．A.the sleeper B．a doctor
C．a child D．parents
答案：B　服用安眠药通常应遵医嘱。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
阅读下面的文章，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
A
Believe it or not, America's favorite snack food is the potato chip. There is a story behind how it was first made. One might think that somewhere a genius thought up the first potato chips, but it didn't happen that way. Picture an elegant(优雅的)restaurant in Saratoga Springs, New York, in 1853. The Moon Lake Restaurant's menu included French­fried potatoes, a popular food recipe(烹饪法)brought back from France by Thomas Jefferson. These were thickly cut potatoes, fried until golden brown and crisp on the outside. One evening a guest in the dining hall felt that his potatoes were too thick and sent them back to the kitchen. The cook sliced(切)some potatoes thinner than before and prepared them for the complaining guest. He was still not satisfied and sent them back again! By this time the cook was angry and decided to do exactly what the dinner guest wanted: slice the potatoes as thin as possible. Then they would be so crisp that the diner wouldn't be able to use his fork to eat them. When the paper­thin browned potatoes arrived, the diner was pleased. He was so happy with them that other guests started ordering the new potatoes. The cook's plan to stop the dinner guest from complaining did not turn out as he had planned. Soon Saratoga Chips appeared on the menu and became so popular that people wanted to take some home. The restaurant started selling small packages of the potato chips. A few years later, they were selling all over the United States. But because the potatoes had to be peeled(削皮)by hand, it was a time­consuming chore (苦差事) and potato chips were often out of stock(无库存). In the 1920s a mechanical potato peeler was invented and soon there were potato chips in abundance(丰富). They gradually spread all over the world, and have remained popular ever since.
1. According to this passage, mass production of potato chips was made possible when ________.
A. potatoes could be peeled by machines
B. potatoes were peeled by a large number of cooks
C. there was a growing demand for them
D. they first appeared in a Saratoga restaurant
答案：A　据“In the 1920s a mechanical potato peeler was invented and soon there were potato chips in abundance(丰富). They gradually spread all over the world, and have remained popular ever since.”。
2. According to this passage, the cook of the Moon Lake Restaurant________.
A．enjoyed making potato chips very much
B．planned to sell potato chips everywhere
C．wanted to silence a complaining diner
D．was pleased that other guests liked the chips
答案：C　据“The cook's plan to stop the dinner guest from complaining did not turn out as he had planned.”判断。
3. Potato chips have been popular in the U．S.________.
A. for more than 200 years
B. ever since 1920
C. for less than 100 years
D. since the 19th century
答案：D　“1853年The Moon Lake Restaurant的菜单就包括French­fried potatoes，... The restaurant started selling small packages of the potato chips. A few years later, they were selling all over the United States. ”。
B(2010·宁波六校高一期中)
In the UK, most children have their midday meal at school, but in many schools, parents can choose what their children eat. The children can have a school lunch－a hot, cooked meal; or they can take a packed lunch with them, which usually includes cold food like sandwiches.
Often parents prepare lunches on_the_basis_of what their children want. Cathy, a mother of three children, told us, “My children have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make 3 packed lunches every morning, so we're like a sandwich bar in our kitchen in the morning.”
However, another mother, Susan, made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school dinners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if I made sandwiches.”
But how healthy are school dinners? Kaz, a father, wasn't impressed with them. “Fizzy (有泡沫的) drinks were offered and I think there were a lot of chips.”
The question of how healthy school food is was brought to Jamie Oliver, who launched a campaign to improve children's nutrition, after spending a year working in a school kitchen. The TV series about the campaign won an award this week.
He was horrified(惊恐的)at the junk food he saw being served, which included burgers, pizza and chips. He decided to ban the junk, and started cooking good stews(炖菜)and curries for the children instead.
Jamie improved the school dinners in that particular school, and trained the dinner ladies to cook healthy food. Then he put pressure on the government to improve the standards of school food across the country. And it looks as if the changes have begun.
文章大意：你讨厌学校提供的饮食吗？让我们看看英国学校的情况如何？
4．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．School Dinners
B．Healthy Food
C．Dinners in the UK
D．Research on Dinners
答案：A　主旨大意题。全文讲述的是学校饮食的问题，所以A项符合。
5．The underlined phrase “on the basis of” in the second paragraph probably means“________”．
A．by comparison
B．according to
C．in spite of
D．for the good of
答案：B　猜测词义题。所在句句意为“通常父母会按照孩子的要求准备午饭”。
6．We can learn from the passage that________.
A．in Britain, all children have their lunch at school
B．Cathy's children like school dinners
C．stews and curries are healthy food
D．Jamie Oliver works in a school kitchen
答案：C　细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知，Jamie非常吃惊地发现学校提供汉堡包、披萨和薯条这些垃圾食品。他决定禁绝这些垃圾食品，用stews和curries来代替垃圾食品，所以不难看出stews和curries是健康的饮食。
7．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A．There are many schools in Britain.
B．Susan chooses food for her daughter according to its nutrition.
C．In the past, the food provided by British schools was not healthy enough.
D．None of the parents in Britain like school food.
答案：C　推理判断题。由最后两段可推知，过去，英国学校提供的饮食是不健康的。

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
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