2016届高考英语第二轮阅读理解调研复习题23.doc

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梨树县（吉林）2016高考英语阅读理解（二轮）选编（1）及参考答案

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2014模拟冲刺试题】
It can be as simple or as complex as you want. Anybody who enjoys the cinema knows that when the final credits roll they include everyone who has contributed — Director, Performers, Best Boy, Make Up, etc.
It usually takes over a hundred people working a year to make a feature film, ten people to produce a pop promo (流行电视节目预告片) and around twenty to film a documentary. The reason so many people are involved is because films need to be made quickly and on budget.
Many famous directors started by making films completely on their own — Orson Welles, George Lucas, Robert Rodrigues. You may not have the special effects and big budgets of Hollywood but you do have time on your side. Use it to experiment and make a few mistakes. It’s the way to learn. And that’s where the fun begins. Go on; make a film.
Now, let’s talk about how to prepare for the shoot (拍摄).
If you’re making the film with other people, organize your cast and crew effectively. Make sure everybody knows their role and what day and time they’re needed.
Give people specific jobs so they can become experts in their field. For example, a sound recordist listens to the sound through headphones as it’s being recorded, and holds an extra microphone if needed.
A camera operator frames the picture, sets focus, checks the light and records the action.
The editor “cuts” the picture together after it’s shot.
A producer is the contact point for the film. He or she makes sure crew and cast are there on time, talks to the press and organizes the budget.
A director has to make sure their vision is communicated. To do this everyone needs to be clear about what the director expects from each scene and each shot.
You may also need a make-up-artist, a choreographer, a driver, etc. However, you can quite easily make your first film on your own. Make a schedule that says which shots are to be taken where and when (this is called a shooting schedule) and when you’ve completed a take, cross it off the list. Remember that you may want to shoot “out of sequence”, e.g. shoot the last scene first, and the first last. Similarly if the film begins and ends by a tree in the park, it may make sense to film both scenes while you’re there.
Continuity is particularly important in drama. Take a Polaroid camera and take photos to capture details. You may need to come back to a scene days later. When you decide your locations, consider whether you need permission to use the space, how noisy it will be and what the light will be like at the time of day you will need to use it. Is there power available? Are you likely to be interrupted?
If you’re making animation (动画片) or any computer generated stuff, have a space that you can control. You may need extra lights and you may need to leave work in progress. Make sure people living with you are aware what’s happening. Animation needs a lot of undisturbed concentration and patience. Keep at it and it’ll pay off. Aardmann and Disney both started off at home experimenting with clay (黏土), pens and a camera.

46. A director knows the purpose of each step of the work, but_______________________ .
A. he needn’t tell others about that
B. other members just follow his orders
C. he must have it known and well understood by others
D. others may have their own ideas and special ways of working
47. To shoot a film, a shooting schedule must be fixed first ___________________________.
A. but it may be crossed off if unnecessary
B. but you needn’t work exactly on it
C. and each step must be carried out by it
D. and no one can change it once settled
48. It can be inferred from the next-to-last paragraph that ____________________________.
A. you need to ask others’ advice when deciding locations
B. it is easy to find a proper location to shoot a film
C. once you find a good place to film you must check it later
D. unexpected things may happen while you are shooting in a place
49. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. Preparations for making animation. B. The importance of family’s support.
C. The equipment of making animation. D. Successful stories of Aardmann and Disney.
46. C 事实细节题 根据A director has to ... 可知，导演要清楚拍摄的每个步骤，而且要让每个工作人员都了解其目的和所要达到的效果。
47. B 事实细节题 根据倒数第三段可知，拍摄时间表要事先制定，但随着场景的需要在顺序上可灵活调整。
48. D 推理判断题 倒数第二段提到，拍外景要考虑外景地是否被允许使用，要考虑外景地的环境，包括噪音、光线、电力供应等，由此推测如果考虑不周，有可能会发生意想不到的事情。
49. A 段落大意题 最后一段谈到拍摄动画片时，需要准备一个空地、额外的灯光、安排工作进度、得到身边的人的理解与支持等等，这些都是关于如何做拍摄动画片的准备工作。

【解析与观点二】
46. D根据第二段可知作者那时已经没什么钱了，故只能租一间偏远点的房子，因为便宜。
47. B 根据第一段可知作者想通过工作来排除和忘却孤独无助的局面。
48.D 根据It's not so much about what I can get for myself; it's about how we can all get by together.可知正确答案为D。
49. A 根据倒数第三段 Up on the mountain, my most valuable possessions were my relationships with my neighbors.可知作者和邻居的关系相当融洽。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
(The Improving Economic Situation In Greece)      
Greece, economically, is in the black. With very little to export other than such farm products as tobacco, cotton and fruit, the country earns enough from ‘invisible earnings’ to pay for its needed, growing imports. From the sending out of things the Greeks, earn only $285 million; from tourism, shipping and the remittances of Greeks abroad, the country takes in an additional #375 million and this washes out the almost $400 million by which imports exceed exports.
     It has a balanced budget. Although more than one drachma out of four goes for defense, the government ended a recent year with a slight surplus -- $66 million. Greece has a decent reserve of almost a third of a billion dollars in gold and foreign exchange. It has a government not dependent on coalescing incompatible parties to obtain parliamentary majorities.
     In thus summarizing a few happy highlights, I don’t mean to minimize the vast extent of Greece’s problems. It is the poorest country by a wide margin in Free Europe, and poverty is widespread. At best an annual income of $60 to $70 is the lot of many a peasant, and substantial unemployment plagues the countryside, cities, and towns of Greece. There are few natural resources on which to build any substantial industrial base. Some years ago I wrote here:
     “Greek statesmanship will have to create an atmosphere in which home and foreign savings will willingly seek investment opportunities in the back ward economy of Greece. So far, most American and other foreign attempt have bogged down in the Greek government’s red tape and shrewdness about small points.”
     Great strides have been made. As far back as 1956, expanding tourism seemed a logical way to bring needed foreign currencies and additional jobs to Greece. At that time I talked with the Hilton Hotel people, who had been examining hotel possibilities, and to the Greek government division responsible for this area of the economy. They were hopelessly deadlocked in almost total differences of opinion and outlook.
     Today most of the incredibly varied, beautiful, historical sights of Greece have new, if in many cases modest, tourist facilities. Tourism itself has jumped from approximately $31 million to over $90 million. There is both a magnificent new Hilton Hotel in Athens and a completely modernized, greatly expanded Grande Bretagne, as well as other first-rate new hotels. And the advent of jets has made Athens as accessible as Paris or Rome – without the sky-high prices of traffic-choked streets of either.

1.The title below that best expresses the ideas of this passage is
[A] Greek income and expenditures.
The improving economic situation in Greece.
[C] The value of tourism.
[D] Military expenditures.
2.Many peasants earn less than
[A] $60 a week.
$2 a week.
[C] $1 a day.
[D] $10 a month.
3.The Greek Government spends
[A] more than 25%of its budget on military terms.
More than its collects.
[C] A third of a billion dollars in gold.
[D] Less than 25% of its budget on military terms.
4.According to the passage, Greece has
[A] a dictatorship.
a monarchy.
[C] a single majority party.
[D] too much red tape.
5.Greece imports annually goods and materials
[A] totaling almost $700 million.
that balance exports.
[C] that are paid by tourists.
[D] costing $66 million.

Vocabulary
1.remittance            汇款（额）
2.wash out                  洗掉，取消、告吹、冲掉、筋疲力尽
3.drachma                  古希腊银币   德拉克马（现代希腊货币单位）
4.lot                  份额
5.incompatible            水火不相容的，不能共存的
6.coalesce                  （政党）联合，愈合，接合
7.highlight            光线最强处，最重要部分，最精彩场面
8.margin                  （成本和售价的）差额，空白，边缘
9.bog down                  陷于困境，使停顿
10.red tape            官样文章，烦琐和拖拉的公务程序
11.shrewdness            清明，机灵
12.deadlock            僵局，僵持；使陷于僵局

难句译注
1.      Greece, economically is in the black.
【参考译文】希腊经济上说是赢利/富裕的
2.      With very little export other than such farm products as tobacco, cotton and fruit, the country earns enough from invisible earnings to pay its needed, growing imports.
【参考译文】除了农产品，如烟草、棉花和水果之外，希腊没有什么出口货，但它从“无形的收益”中挣不少，足够致富所需的一切――日益增长的进口货。
3.      This washes out almost $400 million by which imports exceed exports.
【参考译文】这笔钱冲掉了进口超过出口近4亿美元的差额。
4.      So far most American and other foreign attempts have bogged down in the Greek government’s red tape and shrewdness about small points.
【参考译文】到目前为止由于希腊政府那种繁琐而又拖拉的公务程序和对小事的精明，大多数美国和其他国家的尝试的工作都陷入困境。
5.      They were hopelessly deadlocked in almost total differences of opinion and outlook.
【参考译文】他们绝望地陷于意见和观点完全分歧的僵局之中。
6.      And the advent of jets has made Athens as accessible as Paris and Rome – without the sky-high prices of traffic chocked streets of either.
【参考译文】喷气式飞机的发展使雅典和巴黎、罗马一样很容易到达，却没有那两个城市的交通堵塞的接到的高昂代价。

写作方法与文章大意
     这是一篇以过去和现在对比的手法，论述了希腊经济，主要是旅游业的发展。过去，希腊以无形资产赢得之利润，来消除赤字，还可稍有节余。但贫穷、事业情况严重，政府办事拖拉、繁琐也影响国外的投资，虽然早在1956年就准备扩展旅游业，但意见分歧。现在，情况大变，就旅游一项年收入由3100万增至9000万美元。

答案详解
1.      B 希腊经济形式的改善。文章围绕这一中心而写。文章一开始就提出希腊出口除了农产品之外，没有什么东西，而无形资产如旅游、运输和国外的汇款等可挣得37500万美元。两项加在一起来抵消入超赤字近4亿美元，稍有结余。第三段指出，希腊是自由欧洲最穷的国家，许多农民年收入为60－70美元。失业现象席卷城市乡镇，建立工业基地的自然资源极少。政府的繁琐事务程序，关注琐事等情况使美国和其他国家试图展开工作陷于停滞状态。第四段开始指出1956年起开拓旅游业，不过意见还是分歧。第五断提出今天惊人的变化，美丽的历史古城呈现新貌，就旅游一项收入由3100万增至9000万美元。旅馆面貌大变。
A.希腊的收支。C.旅游的价值。D.军事费用。
2.      B少于2美元一星期。文章第三段第三句：最佳情况，年收入为60－70美元使大多数农民的份额。所以B项最接近年收入。
A.60美元一星期。C.一天一美元。D.一个月10美元。
3.      A 百分之25以上用于军事。第二段：虽然四个德拉克马中有一个用于国防，政府最终还稍有结余――6600万美元。
B.比收入的还多。C.十亿金子中的三分之一。D.少于百分之25。
4.      C单一大党。第二段：希腊的政府不依靠水火不相容的政党之间的合作来取得一会的多数席位，这说明是单一大党。
A.独裁、专政。B.君主政体。D.太多的繁琐程序。
5.      A总计几乎在7亿美元左右。第一段中提到希腊出口商品价值28500万美元，而进口超出出口4亿美元。两者相加为6亿2千5百万美元，相当于几乎在7亿美元左右。
B.和出口平衡。C.由旅游者支付。D.花费6600万美元。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2014高考二模】
Last weekend, a girlfriend that I’ve known since college was visiting. As we left the airport, we had to stop at the grocery for a case of diet soda. On our way to lunch she asked me “Do you think that drinking diet soda makes you fat?”
“Depends on whom you ask,” I said. Last year, researchers from the University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio reported that adults who drink diet soda did not lose weight. They were actually more likely to become overweight than those adults who did not drink soda at all or those that drink regular soda. In fact, the more diet soda consumed, the more likely someone would become overweight. To be specific, there was a 41% increase in the risk of being overweight for every can or bottle of diet soda consumed daily.
In this study, researcher Sharon Fowler followed over 600 normal weight adults ages 25-64 over a seven to eight year period of time. She has a number of theories as to why weight gain may be a result of drinking a zero-calorie beverage:
1.Artificial sweeteners may affect your body’s ability to judge how many calories you consume. When no calories are consumed, the body may continue to crave(渴望) what it expected and could lead to overeating.
2. Some people give up regular sodas to justify their favorite dessert and still take in too many calories. A regular soda contains about 150 calories while your dessert may be double that in calories easily.
3. For others who were gaining weight already, switching to diet soda wasn’t enough to stop the gain.
Since her first piece of research, Fowler has tracked another 2000 people with similar results. Do the faux sweet products induce people to want more sweets? Fowler suggests that perhaps it’s not the soft drinks themselves that cause weight gain but that there is some link between diet soda drinking and overweight.
64.Why do people give up regular soda and take diet one according to Fowler’s research?
A. Some want to gain weight.
B. Some want excuses to have dessert.
C. Some mistake diet soda as no-calorie drink.
D. Diet soda can help people lose weight.
【参考答案】64—67、BBDA

希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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