2018届高考英语第二轮复习跟踪强化训练13.doc

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专题五　短文改错
第二讲　句法类错误

真题验证

(2017·全国Ⅱ)
Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.They live far from the school，and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time，they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden，that is on the rooftop of their house.They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.They have also bought for some gardening tools.Beside，they often get some useful informations from the Internet.When summer came，they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!
答案：
Mr.and Mrs.Zhang work in our school.They live far from the school，and it takes them about hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time，they are in planting vegetables in their garden， is on the rooftop of their house.They often get up and water the vegetables together.They have also bought for some gardening tools.，they often get some useful from the Internet.When summer ，they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!
❶　解析：all改为both或将all去掉。考查代词。因为主语是两个人，所以用both表示两者都，而all则表示三者或三者以上的全部。此处将all去掉也可以。
❷　解析：a改为an或one。考查冠词。因为hour的发音以元音音素开头，所以其前用an。此处也可用one表示数量“一”。
❸　解析：interesting改为interested。考查形容词。因为是描述主语they的心理状态，所以使用interested“对……感兴趣的”。
❹　解析：that改为which。考查关系代词。此处是非限制性定语从句，且关系代词在从句中作主语，指代上文的garden，所以用which来引导该定语从句。
❺　解析：earlier改为early。考查副词。此处没有比较的含义，所以用early的原级。
❻　解析：去掉for。考查介词。buy为及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，而buy sth. for sb.意为“为某人买某物”。
❼　解析：Beside改为Besides。考查副词。beside意为“在……旁”，而besides意为“此外”。
❽　解析：informations改为information。考查名词。information为不可数名词，无复数形式。
❾　解析：came改为comes。考查动词时态。因为主句部分为一般将来时态，所以此处的时间状语从句应使用一般现在时表将来意义。
　解析：在students后加to。考查动词的固定用法。短语invite sb.to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。

(2016·全国Ⅱ)
The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a good idea.It does not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot.
答案：
The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about to do during the holiday.We can between staying at home and a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden view and gain we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can/go to places of interest nearby.I that it is a good idea.It does not cost ，yet we can still learn a lot.
❶　解析：how改为what。考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，are talking about后为宾语从句，且从句中do缺少宾语，故将how改为what。
❷　解析：chose改为choose。考查情态动词的用法。情态动词后接动词原形。
❸　解析：take改为taking。考查非谓语动词。因为and连接两个并列的成分，且介词后接动名词形式，所以将take改为taking。
❹　解析：but改为and。考查连词。前后句之间为并列关系，故将but改为and。
❺　解析：在world前加the。考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示特指，故应用定冠词the。
❻　解析：your改为our。考查代词。因为句子的主语为“we”故此处用our。
❼　解析：knowledges改为knowledge。考查名词的数。knowledge为不可数名词，只能用单数形式。
❽　解析：删除can或将can改为should。考查虚拟语气。suggest意为“建议”时，其后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
❾　解析：thought改为think。考查动词的时态。全文的时态均以一般现在时为主，故此处应用一般现在时。
　解析：many改为much。考查代词。表示“钱”的多少时，要用much而不是many。

(2016·四川)
It is Mother's Day today.Though it's a western festival，it's popular in China now.
Mom has a full－time job，so she has to do most of the houseworks.She is a great mother.Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day.We get up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping.When he came back，I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favoritest.At dinner，we said to her，“Happy Mother's Day！”Mom was grateful and moving.
答案：
It is Mother's Day today.Though it's a western festival，it's popular in China now.
Mom has a full－time job， she has to do most of the .She is a great mother.Both Dad I planned to do something on Mother's Day.We up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping.When he came back，I found a bunch of flowers in hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.The dishes what / I cooked were Mom's .At dinner，we said to her，“Happy Mother's Day！”Mom was grateful and .
❶　解析：so改为but。母亲有一份全职工作，但是她还要做大部分的家务活。根据语境可知，前后分句间为转折关系，所以用连词but。
❷　解析：houseworks改为housework。housework为不可数名词，没有复数形式。
❸　解析：or改为and。both...and...是固定用法，故用and。
❹　解析：get改为got。本文讲述的是在母亲节发生过的事，所以用一般过去时。
❺　解析：去掉on。go shopping”购物”，是固定用法。go on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”，不符合语境。
❻　解析：her改为his。此处指父亲，所以用物主代词his。
❼　解析：kitchen前加the。此处特指”我”家的厨房，故加the。
❽　解析：what改为that/which或去掉what。根据句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为The dishes，关系词在从句中作动词cooked的宾语，所以用关系代词that/which引导，关系代词在从句中作宾语时也可以省略。
❾　解析：favoritest改为favorite。favorite作名词时，意为“特别喜爱的东西”，该词作形容词时没有比较级和最高级。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词favorite。
　解析：moving改为moved。母亲既感激又感动。moved修饰人，moving修饰物，根据主语为Mom可知，要用moved。

(2015·全国Ⅰ)
When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean or the mountains are green.Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We must found ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so，we'll live to regret it.
文章大意：本文主要讲述了作者呼吁人们保护我们生存的环境。
答案：When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I
I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean the mountains are green.Unfortunately， the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very problem.The we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. rare animals are dying out.We must ways to protect environment.If we fail to do so，we'll live to regret it.
❶　解析：think→thought。句意：我认为在那儿很快乐。时态用法错误。这里用一般过去时，表示“过去认为”。
❷　解析：countryside前加the。句意：但是我想念农村的家乡。这里countryside是特指，故用定冠词the。
❸　解析：or→and。句意：那里山是绿的并且空气新鲜。连词用法错误。前后句为并列关系，故用连词and。
❹　解析：on→with。句意：随着工业化的发展。短语搭配错误。短语with the development of随着……的发展。
❺　解析：been去掉。句意：许多研究表明。主语与动词为主动关系，这里不需要用被动语态。
❻　解析：seriously→serious。句意：全球变暖已经成为一个严重的问题。词性用法错误。修饰名词，前面用形容词。
❼　解析：airs→air。句意：我们呼吸的空气变得越来越脏。名词air为不可数名词。
❽　解析：Much→Many。句意：许多罕见的动物已经消失。名词animal为可数名词，故用Many修饰。
❾　解析：found→find。句意：我们必须找到方法来保护我们的环境。动词用法错误。情态动词must后接动词原形。
　解析：your→our/the。句意：我们必须找到方法来保护我们的环境。代词用法错误。这里应当是保护我们的环境。
模拟强化

(2017·福建省厦门市二模)
Last Sunday，I joined the voluntary group to help keep the traffic in good order at a big crossing near our school.At 8∶00 a．m.，we arrived there，wore red vests with the word VOLUNTEER on the back.We helped with the police remind the passers-by to obey traffic rule.To our delighted，they all waited for the green light patient except one motor-biker.We also give out some handmade brochures about traffic regulations，for that many people praised us.About 4 hours later，they said good-bye to the police and left.Tired as we were，we all felt an honor to do our parts.
答案：
Last Sunday，I joined voluntary group to help keep the traffic in good order at a big crossing near our school.At 8∶00 a．m.，we arrived there， red vests with the word VOLUNTEER on the back.We helped with the police remind the passers-by to obey traffic .To our ，they all waited for the green light except one motor-biker.We also out some hand-made brochures about traffic regulations，for many people praised us.About 4 hours later， said good-bye to the police and left.Tired as we were，we all felt an honor to do our parts.
❶　解析：在全文中是第一次出现，不能用特指，而应用泛指。故将the改为a。
❷　解析：现在分词作状语表主动含义，此处wear的主语是we，其间是主动关系。
❸　解析：帮助某人做某事，不存在help with sb.sth这一搭配。故将with去掉。
❹　解析：交通法规为固定用语，法规肯定不可能就一个。故将rule改为rules。
❺　解析：固定用语，意为令我们高兴的是……。故将delighted改为delight。
❻　解析：副词修饰形容词，此处是用副词patiently修饰形容词waited。
❼　解析：整篇文章所描述的事情发生在过去，所以动词应用过去时态。
❽　解析：考查定语从句中介词＋which的用法，此处for是与后面praised相照应的，praise sb.for sth.
❾　解析：全篇的人称都是we我们，根据句意也应该是“我们和警察道别”。
　解析：it在此处作形式宾语不可省略，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。

(2017·辽宁省沈阳市省示范协作校联考)
One day a rich man took his son on a trip to the country in order to show his son if the poor lived，so he could be thankful to his wealth.They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of that would be considered a very poor family.On their return back，the father asked his son to explain what he had learnt.The boy，who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home，replying in a way that shocked his father.
The boy said he wanted to become farmer.He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night star to give them light while her family had only expensive lanterns.His wish was to have a farm where he could go swimming in an endless river instead of the garden pool in their home.Finally the boy finished by saying，“Before the trip I thought we were rich but today I have learnt who is true rich.”
With this，the boy got up and walked away，leaving his father sat on their comfortable sofa，totally speechless.
文章大意：一天，一位富人为了让儿子对他的财富充满“感激”，便带着儿子来到乡村去体验农民的生活，没想到结果却令富人“无语”，因为他的儿子想当农民。
答案：
One day a rich man took his son on a trip to the country in order to show his son the poor lived，so he could be thankful his wealth.They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of would be considered a very poor family.On their return back，the father asked his son to explain what he had learnt.The boy，who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home， in a way that shocked his father.
The boy said he wanted to becomefarmer.He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night to give them light while family had only expensive lanterns.His wish was to have a farm where he could go swimming in an endless river instead of the garden pool in their home.Finally the boy finished by saying，“Before the trip I thought we were rich but today I have learnt who is rich.”
With this，the boy got up and walked away，leaving his father on their comfortable sofa，totally speechless.
❶　解析：考查句意理解以及从属连词。本句的意思是：有一天，一位富人带着他的儿子去乡村旅行以便让他的儿子看看穷人是如何生活的；此处用来引导宾语从句，意为：如何；故用how。
❷　解析：考查固定短语。be thankful to后面跟人，表示感谢某人；be thankful for后面跟事物，表示对某事物表示感谢；由于此处之后接的是wealth(财富)；故用for。
❸　解析：考查连接代词。此处用来引导宾语从句，由于该从句中缺少主语，故用连接代词what。
❹　解析：考查return的含义。由于return“返回”相当于“go back/get back/come back”，即它本身就含有back的意思，其后不能再跟back；故去掉return之后的back。
❺　解析：考查谓语动词。此处在句中作谓语，根据上文可知，此处讲述的是发生在过去某一天的事情，应使用一般过去时；故用replied。
❻　解析：考查不定冠词。此处用来修饰单数名词farmer，表示泛指一位农民，故在farmer前加a。
❼　解析：考查名词的单复数。此处指的是：许多美丽的夜星；由于star为可数名词；故用stars。
❽　解析：考查人称代词。此处用来修饰名词family，指代的是男孩的家；故用his。
❾　解析：考查副词。此处用来修饰形容词rich，故用truly。
　解析：考查固定搭配。leave sb doing 指让某人保持某动作或状态，留下某人…；此处指的是：男孩站起来走开了，留下了他的父亲坐在他们舒适的沙发上，完全说不出话来；故用sitting。

(2017·山西省三区八校联考二模)
Dear Chris，
I'm Li Ming，monitor of Class One，Senior One.I'm glad to hear that you will come to our school as exchange student next term.I feel it an honor of us to study with you.Now I have something to tell you about.Firstly，with the climate changing，you should prepared enough clothes.Then there are different kind of foods and snacks which will give you a chance to experiencing rich Chinese food culture.In addition，every student is friendly to foreign friends，that will make it easy for you to get along good with them.
Last but not least，we can do what we can to help you，and you must get prepared to meet trouble.During your stay here，I hope you can tell us more about American culture.Only by understanding and learn from each other can we spend these days together happily.
Yours，
Li Ming.
文章大意：短文为李明写给交换生Chris的一封信，表示在他来我校交换期间会帮助他适应环境，以及互相学习。
答案：
Dear Chris，
I'm Li Ming，monitor of Class One，Senior One.I'm glad to hear that you will come to our school asexchange student next term.I feel it an honor us to study with you.Now I have something to tell you about.Firstly，with the climate changing，
you should enough clothes.Then there are different of foods and snacks which will give you a chance to rich Chinese food culture.In addition，every student is friendly to foreign friends， will make it easy for you to get along with them.Last but not least，we can do what we can to help you， you must get prepared to meet trouble.During your stay here，I hope you can tell us more about American culture.Only by understanding and from each other can we spend these days together happily.
❶　解析：考查冠词，student是可数名词，前需加冠词，exchange是以元音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词an。
❷　解析：考查固定搭配，表达“对于某人而言”使用介词for。
❸　解析：考查固定搭配，此处是“告诉某人”，使用tell sb.，多了介词about。
❹　解析：考查动词，should是情态动词，后接动词原形，因此使用prepare。
❺　解析：考查名词的复数形式，kind“种类”是可数名词，表示“不同的种类”，different后接其复数形式。
❻　解析：考查动词的用法，a chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”，to为动词不定式，后接动词原形，因此使用experience。
❼　解析：考查定语从句引导词，考查非限制性定语从句的引导词，使用which。
❽　解析：考查固定搭配，表达“与某人相处融洽”使用动词短语get along well with sb.，因此good改为well。
❾　解析：考查连词的用法，前后句子为转折的关系，and为并列的关系，因此改为but。
　解析：考查动名词形式，此处and连接两个并列的结构，by后接动名词，因此learn使用其动名词形式learning。

(2017·四川省重庆市4月调研测试)
A survey (调查)has recently carried out among the students in our school about whether they would like it if their parents gave birth to a second child.Opinions vary wide from one to another.
Most of the students supported the idea.They think that it would be amazing to have a brother and a sister to keep the company and share secrets with.Besides，we believe a second child would bring lots of funs to the family.
However，the rest of the students interviewing hold the opposite view.To start with，raising one child is already a difficult thing and the parents would have to work twice as hard if they had a second child.What's more，they argue whether they have been accustomed to enjoy the whole love from their parents.
答案：
A survey (调查)has recently carried out among the students in our school about whether they would like it if their parents gave birth to a second child.Opinions vary from one to another.
Most of the students the idea.They think that it would be amazing to have a brother a sister to keep the company and share secrets with.Besides， believe a second child would bring lots of to the family.
However，the rest of the students hol