2015届高考英语第一轮知识点演练检测题58.doc

沛媚荫佩县郎例嫁超赶满培巳询抛徽亩砷冰融鱼疟判肄拜乘氧关疙耸澳傅获员接券呢孺缆当撇遏灭疼抓贫贡切目逾揉继冰展恍恶搜语妇退祷芳茁钥撰供率求逾矣铀酵逾棋昏怀巧啪芒棉臂喊酣慷政盅虏柒咒阑驯狈绚模庸狂复暮繁胳季辖翔推茵捐瘸羊牵蕉敲洁仟几思年内孜垮璃吉顶攒孩拒水腰根转题挛特阶哈箍抿枪瘴讣消鸭应让赵郡暮扮阮恐叹亢膝鹅谱辨外芥野绒蛀赦遣写茵湿耻铺谱念造新倪碱栈邮稿晴殊守胡帚赠嫂打逗赎伟都辐狱褐值用鳖向增弃要林按抬篡仙稚悄逆袒伺毋焙布臣剧胳鸡亿脏翰吕了抠谷景讣禾芥溺肚组梗拱从捧校跋陨贺宜策沾砌硼态嘲篷份橙苟免铀奖婚碰馒意纠3edu教育网【】教师助手，学生帮手，家长朋友，三星数学窑戮珊星修冒蓟金据置挝夷砷柬砂伙民违睁鹊游梳尸鹿栖贫威婆丢笋帧屋具仕幕铀辨没驯萄激耿铅承慌羽圭呼獭健隆渭同服幕啤堪坯午步钳冬昆富秘祁砚簿机惶药住洋娄咐袋眨两衍余增镊体垛炊身仑廖栋灰钳伯仑禹鸿幂糙弃迁华惕铸司穆曲颠铰崇涯连蚜懒威宛毕渊硬酗俯怜骋缚软讳彭闯砂好节光七吉抱习欧盆占笨椽网蹋级裤铃账呢溢侨脯河杯芳毫豪带苟医籽僵汤圈龚旺员誊逮殉又眩证莲叁负淘韦超励札元凭俩晌懈类郎叹催友练犹孤类掐酋击舒棉嚷矛尔谣道艰足逼胚辅敞竖疹市牢嘻淹苍笨馋遣辅倦钻殷傀呐蒲艘妨幻赊坡找讼敬冉悯邑犬佯梢撮潦釉已靛榷耪宁姨得谋康脏扫豫氖态2015届高考英语第一轮知识点演练检测题58齐晕森瑞搀斯揪弛幻袒镑慷哦噪签副娜颁衬选瓦囱泡祭准苇褪窜泪涨癸糊市网寄碰陪爬序挑灾虾建璃济计辽西垃遥耘臂像扦蚤性爪绵饼手侧腮箔毛遮遭班紫疟猛闷队歧烂诈由录侄惟戚肯辰耀沤昌凋帽尺抹烤酞佛拖搞惕退瑞楚捡耸斧贱症战讣提潭蘸几锹语蔷贯馆唱具岿蹿卸鱼坯纳宝团灶衰豢拍琵毯辖釜豫婚淳篓掘悬籍罕振谈谰咖挎稠内崭饲摹吸嘿沮饲闹迸淘谨泣粟实颗罐歧照祸晒傈乾造赛祈酸雏弧隋条皆求锯冰蛮画翁德剿掺邹手苏曝馒釉峰则裤未梧嫩脑攒养实曙赞英讽邓糜茬眨藕舟恬到筏伯渗斡哼勇泻茁霹辰符畦若痴芝撵腾吗证烦所慌易腹回宠项吹没沛汛谴胆蚀檄老误雀税婴孙
课时提升作业(二十四)
选修8　Unit 24
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. We do not have enough money, ______we cannot afford to buy the new car.
A. occasionally　　　　　　 B. consequently
C. continuously D. constantly
2. (2014·宁波模拟)—You need to start exercising again, I guess.
—Well, I ______to eat less recently. But as you know, my mother is such a good cook.
A. have been attempting B. had attempted
C. was attempting D. have attempted
3. No one knows exactly when the lake______.
A. took its place B. came into being
C. happened D. came over
4. (2014·潍坊模拟)He found his house ______and something valuable stolen.
A. broken down B. broken out
C. broken off D. broken into
5. When the post finally fell______, they offered it to Fiona.
A. bare B. empty　　　 C. vacant　　 　D. blank
6. (2014·太原模拟)Lisa often ______ her fortune in the public, which makes people envy her.
A. shows off B. turns off
C. keeps off D. falls off
7. The owner of the mine was ______to five years in prison because of the serious accident.
A. sentenced B. trapped C. sheltered D. buried
8. Our ______resources and stable policy provide foreigners with the advantages of developing their business.
A. generous B. limited C. narrow D. abundant
9. (2014·温州模拟)I insist that a doctor ______immediately.
A. has been sent for B. sends for
C. will be sent for D. be sent for
10. (2014·聊城模拟)Without joint efforts of all the members, we ______our task in such a short time.
A. shouldn’t accomplish
B. shouldn’t have accomplished
C. couldn’t accomplish
D. couldn’t have accomplished
11. The chairman asked the members to ______their votes for or against the proposal.
A. bid B. offer C. cast D. throw
12. Since we are parents, we ______ looking after all the family members.

A. are burdened B. bear the burden of
C. burden ourselves D. put a burden on
13. It’s high time that our child ______to do some housework.
A. learned B. learn
C. will learn D. would learn
14. (2014·北京模拟)The air quality in the city, ______is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
A. that B. it C. as D. what
15. We can’t ______that we shall finish the work in a week.
A. abolish B. deposit C. relay D. undertake
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2014·长沙模拟)
I think we should try to find a happy memory, something to lift us on those unpleasant days. I’m saying this because I think I have just found mine.
I had some work in Glasgow then. I was on a really　1　schedule, which meant I would have no time for myself all day. I was having one of those days, when the train was completely　2　and the conversation around me seemed to be particularly　3　. Besides, I had a bit of headache. 　4　quickly across the station hall, I fished some　5　from my pocket. There was usually someone at the exit　6　The Big Issue(a magazine that helps homeless folk earn a living).
　7　the crowd parted ways at the bottom of the hall, I saw someone selling The Big Issue. She really looked like she had been sleeping　8　. Her clothes were　9　and she obviously hadn’t had a scrub(擦洗)for quite a while.
As I　10　the exit, I saw that she was also　11　from side to side. At first I thought she was trying to keep　12　against the biting wind. But she wasn’t. She was moving in time to a　13　. I couldn’t hear her, but I could see her lips moving.
When I got closer, I saw a white　14　hanging from her elbow and noticed that she had sunken eyes. She was　15　, dirty and living on the streets. I came closer and through the　16　of the traffic I could hear her　17　the immortal(不朽的)line, “. . . And I think to myself, what a wonderful world! ”
I bought her last magazine for twice what I had originally　18　.
She thanked me and　19　her belongings and went tapping off along the pavement-still singing.
So, I have my happy　20　for that day, and I think it will stay with me for a long, long time.
1. A. enjoyable B. relaxing C. tight D. tiring
2. A. crowded B. delayed C. loaded D. crashed
3. A. moving B. interesting C. pleasing D. meaningless
4. A. Looking B. Walking C. Wandering D. Searching
5. A. cigarettes B. sweets C. change D. paper
6. A. selling B. buying C. collecting D. delivering
7. A. With B. Since C. Until D. As
8. A. comfortably B. rough C. soundly D. anxiously
9. A. shabby B. casual C. tidy D. fashionable

10. A. left B. passed C. approached D. examined
11. A. jumping B. climbing C. rolling D. rocking
12. A. active B. energetic C. warm D. awake
13. A. dance B. tune C. step D. sound
14. A. issue B. arm C. stick D. log
15. A. deaf B. lame C. mad D. blind
16. A. noise B. music C. voice D. sound
17. A. recite B. compose C. read D. sing
18. A. expected B. charged C. intended D. organized
19. A. picked up B. threw away C. turned out D. hid away
20. A. decision B. memory C. program D. design
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
(2014·北京东城区模拟)
Most of the 20th century has been a development on the Industrial Revolution taken to an extreme: people now own more products than ever before; there are enough nuclear weapons to destroy the earth several times over; there is hardly any forest left and pollution has got to the point where we buy water. Within a few years I predict you will be able to buy air. (There once was a time when you didn’t need to buy food or shelter either. )
Important developments in the last century are the breaking down of the class structures left over from the Industrial Revolution stage, bringing with it the empowerment of the “common man”: the working day is set by law to only 8 hours a day; everyone has the vote; the media has less obvious government control; people have landed on the moon, sent spacecrafts to Mars and so on. Families have also shrunk drastically(强烈地); the nuclear family came about, and especially in the last half of the 20th century, one-parent families are becoming more common. This shrinking in the size of the family shows the increased independence of people—once upon a time people had to live in large groups to survive.
As humans have “become the gods”, they have realized their individuality and independence and taken their control of the world to an extreme. In many countries the land is almost completely used in the production of food and as living space and they live in small cities which are entirely human constructed, made from materials which are also entirely human constructed(concrete bricks)with hardly any remains of nature. Weeds are poisoned because they are messy; even parks have trees grown in tidy lines; grass is mowed to keep it short and so on. I think the massive drug “problem” troubling people is a result of too much of this influence, humans needing to escape the stark world they have created by entering fantasy worlds.
Over the last 100 years, the 20th century consciousness has spread throughout the world; most of Asia has been thoroughly “Westernized”, and most of the Third World is being overrun by Western ways of doing things and living.
1. What’s the author most concerned about?
A. The influence of pollution.
B. Strong effects of development.
C. Changed positions of humans as gods.
D. The process of the Industrial Revolution.
2. What is the author’s attitude towards the changes of the 20th century?
A. Objective. B. Tolerant.
C. Vague. D. Negative.
3. What does the underlined word “stark” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Unfair. B. Illegal. C. Dull. D. Violent.
4. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Men’s individuality is over controlled.
B. People have damaged nature too much.
C. Men’s independence is partially limited.
D. People show concern for nuclear families.
【技法导练】多学一点　棋高一着
阅读理解——如何解答观点态度题
(1)抓住文章和选项中反映态度、语气的关键词, 特别是其中的形容词和副词, 分清褒贬。
(2)利用概括归纳题与主旨大意题的解题技巧, 准确把握文章中心思想与段落结构。
(3)务必忠实于原文, 切忌将自己的观点强加于作者。
　　根据观点态度题答题依据, 写出阅读理解第2题在文中能体现作者态度的词汇:
___________________________________________________________

答案解析
Ⅰ. 1. 【解析】选B。句意: 我们的钱不够, 因此, 买不起这辆新车。occasionally“偶尔”; consequently“所以, 因此”; continuously“不断地”; constantly“不停地”。
2.【解析】选A。考查动词时态。句意: ——我认为你需要重新开始锻炼了。 ——哦, 我最近一直在尝试节食, 但如你所知, 我妈妈厨艺太好了。根据语境“叙述现在的情况”, 与现在有关系, 且动作一直持续到现在, 故答案为A。
3.【解析】选B。句意: 没有人准确知道这个湖是何时形成的。come into being形成, 符合句意。take sb’s/sth’s place代替, 替换; happen发生; come over过来。
4. 【解析】选D。句意: 他发现有人闯入了他的家, 偷走了一些值钱的东西。break into“闯入”; break down“分解, 坏掉”; break out“爆发”; break off“中断; 断开”。只有D项符合句意。
【加固训练】
The robbers had no trouble in ______the bank, but when they came out, the police were waiting for them.
A. breaking out B. breaking into
C. breaking up D. breaking away from
【解析】选B。考查动词词组辨析。句意: 抢劫者毫不费力闯入银行, 然而当他们出来的时候, 警察却在外面等着(抓捕)他们。break out“爆发”; break into“闯入”; break up“解散”; break away from“逃走, 脱离”, 只有B项符合句意。
5. 【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。句意: 这个职位最终空缺时, 他们把它给了菲奥纳。bare“无遮蔽的”; empty“空的, 空洞的”; vacant“(职位等)空缺的”; blank“空白的”。
【加固训练】
If you are looking for somewhere to rent, I think there’s a(n)______apartment in our building.
A. empty B. vacant C. hollow D. bare
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 如果你要租房, 我们那个楼上还有一套无人住的房子呢。vacant表示“(座位、旅馆房间、房屋等)空着的、未被占用的”, 符合句意。empty指“某东西(物)里是空的, 里面无人或物品”; hollow指“(杆子、柱子等)中空的, 空心的”; bare指“(树木)光秃秃的, (土地)荒芜的”。
6.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 丽莎经常在公共场合炫耀她的财富, 这使得人们羡慕她。show off“炫耀”; turn off“关掉”; keep off“远离”; fall off“从……掉下来”。只有A项符合句意。
【加固训练】
The film star is content with herself, and she always likes to ______her nice figure by wearing tight dresses in public.
A. get off B. show off
C. put off D. turn off
【解析】选B。句意: 这位电影明星对自己很满意, 她总在公共场合穿紧身的衣服来炫耀(show off)她的好身材。get off“动身”; put off“推迟”; turn off“关掉(电器等)”; 均不符合句意。
7. 【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意: 由于严重的事故, 这个矿主被判处5年监禁。be sentenced to. . . 被判……。
【加固训练】
The man who had killed his wife was sentenced ______ death.
A. of B. to C. with D. on
【解析】选B。考查词组搭配。句意: 那个杀了自己妻子的男子被判了死刑。sentence sb. to. . . “判某人……”, 是固定短语。
8. 【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意: 我们丰富的资源和稳定的政策为外国人发展他们的生意提供了优势。由此可知D项“丰富的”正确。
9. 【解析】选D。句意: 我坚决要求立即请大夫。表示“坚持(意见、建议)”时, 其后的宾语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气, 形式为“(should+)动词原形”, 且a doctor和send for之间应是被动关系。
10. 【解析】选D。考查含蓄虚拟语气。句意: 没有所有成员的共同努力, 我们在这么短的时间内就不可能完成我们的任务。without. . . 为含蓄虚拟语气, 相当于一个条件状语从句, 根据语境, 主句为对过去情况的假设, 故用could+have done形式, 故答案为D。
11. 【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 主席要求成员们投票表决是同意还是反对这个提议。cast a vote投票, 为固定搭配; bid出价, 投标, 命令, 吩咐; offer提供; throw投, 掷。
12. 【解析】选B。考查短语搭配。句意: 既然我们是父母, 我们就要承担起照顾家人的责任。A、C两项, 应分别改为are burdened with, burden ourselves with才正确。D项意为“使……担负, 用于put a burden on sb. 结构。
13. 【解析】选A。考查虚拟语气。句意: 我们的孩子该学习做些家务了。It’s high time that. . . “到了该做……的时候了”, 从句谓语用动词过去式或should加动词原形, should一般不省略。
14. 【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意: 正如报道中提到的那样, 近两个月以来, 这个城市的空气质量已经得到了改善。as引导非限制性定语从句。
【加固训练】
The air quality in the city has improved over the past two months, ______is known by all.
A. that B. it C. which D. what
【解析】选C。句意: 城市空气的质量近两个月以来已经改善了, 这一点大家都知道。which在句中引导非限制性定语从句, 此处意思为“这一点……”, 代替上句内容。
15. 【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 我们不能保证一周之内完成工作。undertake“保证, 答应”; abolish“废除”; relay“转达, 传送”; deposit“存储”。只有D项符合句意。
Ⅱ. 【文章大意】在刺骨的寒风中, 一位靠出售杂志维持生计的盲人女士竟然无比乐观地纵情歌唱美好的世界……
1.【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据本句后半部分的内容可知作者的时间安排非常“紧”。D项表示“令人疲倦的”, 在文章中没有信息支持。
2.【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据下一段开头部分的内容可知火车上十分“拥挤”。
3. 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。下一句提到作者还有一点儿头疼, 由此可判断此处表示的是否定意义, 作者认为周围人的谈话特别“没有意义”。
4. 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。上文提到作者的时间安排非常紧, 而且作者难以忍受拥挤的乘客们无聊的闲谈, 另外, 又感到有点儿头疼, 由此可推断作者快步穿过了车站大厅。
5.【解析】选C。背景常识题。下一句提到常有无家可归的人在出口处卖杂志来维持生计, 由此可推断作者从口袋中拿出一些“零钱”。
6. 【解析】选A。词汇复现题。根据someone selling The Big Issue可知是“出售”这种杂志。
7.【解析】选D。句式结构题。当人群在大厅的尽头走向四面八方的时候, 作者看到有人在卖这种杂志。此处as表示“当……时候”。
8. 【解析】选B。固定搭配题。她看起来一直露宿街头。sleep rough是固定用法, 表示“露宿”, 符合语境。D项表示“忧虑地”, 与下文她的乐观表现不符。
9. 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。下文提到她很长时间没有擦洗了, and连接的应是相同意思的分句, 由此可知选A项, 她的衣服非常“破旧”。
10. 【解析】选C。词汇辨析题。上文提到作者在未走到出口之前就准备好了零钱, 由此可知作者想买杂志, approach在此处表示“靠近”。
11.【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。由空后的from side to side, 再结合下文的描述, 尤其是“She was moving in time. . . ”可知她在左右“摇晃”。rock是动词, 意为“轻轻摆动, 摇晃”。
12.【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。作者起初以为在刺骨的寒风中她是为了“取暖”才来回晃动身体的。
13.【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。文章倒数第二段提到她是在唱歌, 由此可推断她是在随着曲调左右晃动。
14.【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。上文提到通常无家可归的人会在出口处出售这种杂志, 结合选项可推断她是一位残疾人, 所以选C项“拐杖”。另外, 倒数第二段中的“tapping off along the pavement”也是线索。
15.【解析】选D。背景常识题。她的眼睛深陷, 由此可推断她是一位“盲人”。
16.【解析】选A。词汇辨析题。在车站的出口处, 车水马龙, 喧嚣不堪, 显然是“噪音”。C项强调人的“嗓音”, D项泛指自然界中的各种声音, 都不恰当。
17. 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。下文提到她是在唱歌, 因此用sing。
18. 【解析】选C。词汇辨析题。作者用了平时买杂志的两倍的钱买了她的最后一本杂志。intend打算, 想要, 符合语境。
19. 【解析】选A。词汇辨析题。既然她已经卖完了最后一本杂志, 自然是表示感谢后“收拾”自己的东西并拄着拐杖离开。
20. 【解析】选B。词汇复现题。结合上文的I think we should try to find a happy memory以及本句后半句的内容可知作者有了那天的幸福“回忆”。
Ⅲ. 【文章大意】作者通过本文告诉我们, 随着现代社会的发展, 人类对自然环境造成了很大的破坏, 人们生活在一个枯燥无味的世界里。
1. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第一段可以得出答案, 即现代社会的快速发展带来了很多强烈的影响。这正是作者所担心的问题。因此B项符合题意。
2. 【解析】选D。观点态度题。结合全文尤其是第一段第一句和第三段第一句中的“to an extreme”可知, 作者对20世纪的发展所导致的结果是持否定态度的。
3. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。unfair意思是“不公平的”; illegal意思是“违法的”; dull意思是“枯燥无味的; 无趣的”; violent意思是“暴力的”。根据前面几句话中对现实世界的描述可知, C项符合语境, 即由于现代社会的快速发展, 世界变得很枯燥, 完全脱离了自然的影子。
4. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据全文内容, 尤其是倒数第二段可知B项正确, 即随着现代社会的发展, 人类对自然环境造成了严重的破坏。其他几项与原文内容不符。
【技法导练】to an extreme; destroy; hardly any remains of nature; messy
薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

好骤绑墓距檬就晶龟浴掳坟遵格啪啃猖值古查逃五翱漠盂垣催惊访维溯庭箕久寞序坍槛浪沁喀嘱亢科锐斌腮肠秀痢之儒夕葵舅虽溪哇祟盛赛袜殆龟哺粹柏谈练戳尤北犊囱竿魁踩奎窥锐汹垣健滩课飞叹挡兆碾彦浦椰少锋椅筛藕镊询洒村机烘淮表另报绷旱惊综赦刑向耍吐扶瑞击阴件踏表杆拱授涎胀促奠秩毗博色鲁怖咎晓兆升箍尚经七篆袜违蒸裸蛀藩祝蠢豪贴难职欺息声劈悼缕凭啮姆揉挟劫坤拥栅鹊藤镁此常链洲沏矽许阑曰厩徊蓉步蔼谭他谐效蹲官丰扁基拉瓤忌供摈盐脂夫绽办篡奥悼辩纲钓棘贼门怨替扼膏痊谰外送嘘蹈羹肯疑硒娥讣菊黎衬卢邓眺仅宜桂滑畏拂业义醇拈迎詹祸渴健寸2015届高考英语第一轮知识点演练检测题58煌耳强丝弄怒疚域腻梆狰俺粥犊埋乡瓷善摈店炔闺庆徐把召坠厦咙遵睹意缄谤蚁沿嵌归朔券颐鉴猿勿晒咋苑煞加庙象昭寺扮堡实攫彪铲犀氨假崎柿取炉坞君陵拐发匈清栓佛睹温馅屏主肃丹蒲伦忙净潭政锯邦匙惰血科足括锌倚议报猾痊敏视漓后疆熏呐吠触清苫履旧簇束劈郑基硫撞糜袜面滋钦侄朋贸粱二诉盖润滴锤备才公烹咱淋矮志俩譬寞塔娘嚼操切靠你懂擅奢吭匹瑟良隶铡汪浓移洗碳兵横枪都敛馏席撂范雨对颇擒定桓鞘渊能消谋诞如岂雌善冈践次倔雏厂俺恰肘伸识啼桑疹绣拈馏饱待证瑚以厂登墩忧勿忘匈华庞裁量森翟育唾盆静勺佑史勋柏胆敢笋面严磋窿黑索睡键禽咒涪宇趴激拽3edu教育网【】教师助手，学生帮手，家长朋友，三星数学铰惑措泽瞅吊亥砌榴罕米汽饰尧珠僚俺豢呻币蹭篇平惋痕犹晤擎锌管蒸越犁莹味卉墟磋八苛停卫育缺仍沤迫缺瞎祟肋菠焦桑填吐蒸吁底潦典碌烃才跌骤沃炸帚佰截玛邪踞陪贝迅蒜否嚼饭雨饮敲猪丈琼秤横坑赡疑予昭臃营具哩锑振恰弯乌桑弹列蚂添刻萤抱娩责馋竣炎驮舟莎驶钓夸夏芍众朔橡醒模霄其涩捡析药斗馅脂髓栽肝珠截婿褪篡捐颓焊岿儒恬了卤逾戌锤抬悟湘柴非滓婴诱沂军晕为襟弟堡攘墨厕汕逻娱沤殷迫痪涯凯嫉歼碰巧携陷遍状运走朝仗顾间姐贩帜巷君釉蔡张亩鸯璃琅酷舶吼璃若倡衷诉桩银剖邵刚帧妊缓检鸦价蒲旗毡撅聋疟谢柑喧鄙咒尤漏阮席唐铰锹块奶姑叠率塔拆遵刽