高三英语知识点复习随堂自测15.doc

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综合过关检测(二)　[学生用书单独成册]
(时间： 100分钟　满分： 120分)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分　阅读理解
[共两节，满分40分]
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2016·中原名校高三联考)Understanding one’s own history is important for young people’s learning and development. Students are often asked to write a story about their own family’s history or about a special person in their family. But too rarely do students focus on the history of their own community or their own people, in a way that helps them to understand why they find themselves in a particular place.
When people understand their own history, they are able to grapple with the influence of the social structures that sometimes limit the possibilities in their lives. Taking this approach opens the door for young people to be managers of their own learning and development as they understand why they find themselves where they are.
Many people I have been talking to about this issue agree that not only schools but also public bodies and families have failed to educate young people about their own history. And I know from my own experience how difficult it was for my father to talk about his family’s experience in 1944. This may be a reflection of the sadness that people feel about that history and not wanting to make it a burden on their young people. But in today’s situation, those I spoke with now clearly see that as a mistake.
If our society is ever going to find a way to properly deal with the influence of our own history, including what has happened to our Native American, African­American and Latino friends, our neighbors’ schools must step up to help young people understand their own stories. Families and related social bodies must do the same.
【文章大意】　本文主要论述了对于学生而言学习自己的家族史以及民族史的重要性。
1．According to Paragraph 1, a good knowledge of our own history can help us________．
A．become good at writing stories
B．make our influence on the society stronger
C．gain a good understanding of our present situation
D．understand the importance of learning and development
C　解析：细节理解题。短文第一段描述的是了解自己家族史和民族史的重要性。尤其是根据最后一句可知，了解自己的家族史和民族史能够帮助我们理解为什么我们会处在某个特殊的位置，对自己当前的处境有一个好的了解。
2．It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that the author’s family’s experience in 1944 was________．
A．interesting　　　　　　 B．surprising
C．harmful D．painful
D　解析：推理判断题。 根据第三段第二、三句可知，作者的父亲不愿谈起1944年他们家经历的事情，这反映了历史会让人感到伤心，长辈们不想让这种历史成为年轻人的负担。 由此可推知，作者的家族在1944年经历的是让人痛苦的事情。
3．The passage mainly encourages us to________．
A．write our own stories
B．learn our own history
C．understand the importance of history
D．have a proper attitude towards history
B　解析：写作目的题。 通读全文可知，本文主要论述了对于学生而言学习自己的家族史以及民族史的重要性。因此，本文主要鼓励我们学习自己的家族史以及民族史。
B
(2016·江西省高三联考)Just when we thought we had seen all the magical things that 3D printing can do，here comes another—A working artificial leg has transformed the life of a little Canadian duckling(小鸭子)called Dudley, who had been struggling to get by after losing a leg.
The story began on August 19th, 2013, when the newly­born healthy Dudley and his brother, were placed inside a chicken coo(笼子)at the K9­1­1 Animal and Rescue Services in Sicamous, British Columbia. Within a few hours, an aggressive chicken attacked the two, killing Dudley’s brother and leaving him with a disability!
While Dudley could swim with his single leg, he had a hard time walking on the firm ground. Determined to help him, Doug Nelson, the owner of the shelter decided to consult Terence Loring, founder of a design firm that among other things also offers 3D printing designs.
Given that he had just launched 3 pillar Designs, Terence somewhat hesitated to take on a duckling as his first client(客户). But as soon as he saw brave little Dudley walking around on one leg, Terence knew he had to do something. Using his biomedical engineering training, Terence spent the next few weeks creating a 3D template (模板), after he found out how ducks’ legs worked in YouTube videos about ducks. Once ready, he sent them to Ontario­based 3D engineering firm Proto3,000, who agreed to print the leg.
The second artificial leg was much stronger than the first one. When the artificial leg that is printed from strong ABS(a thermoplastic(热塑性塑料)that becomes soft and moldable when heated )and attached to a foot designed from soft and flexible rubber­like plastic, was fitted on Dudley, his whole manner changed. He wagged his tail and showed it off to his best friend—A pig called Elsie.
Of course, as Dudley has been growing, the leg and foot have had to be replaced. But that hasn’t bothered Terence who continues to improve the design. The best part is that Terence has put all the designs on his website so that anyone wishing to help out an animal suffering from a similar injury can do so, by simply hitting the print button on his/her 3D printer!
【文章大意】　文章主要讲述了3D打印技术可以帮助治疗受伤的动物这件事情。
4．How did Dudley lose his leg?
A．He wasn’t well looked after.
B．He lost it in a traffic accident.
C．He lost it in a chicken attack.
D．He was born with a disability.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“an aggressive chicken attacked the two，killing Dudley’s brother and leaving him with a disability！”可知，Dudley和鸡关在一起，结果被鸡攻击，失去一条腿。
5．What do we know about Terence Loring’s design firm?
A．It is the first one to offer 3D printing designs.
B．3D designs are only part of their services.
C．Their main clients are injured animals.
D．They often cooperate with Proto3,000.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段末句“...Terence Loring，founder of a design firm that among other things also offers 3D printing designs.”可知，Terence的公司除了3D打印设计，还提供其他服务。
6．What did Terence first do to make an artificial leg for Dudley?
A．Consulting Dudley’s owner about the solution.
B．Creating a 3D template with the help of Proto3,000.
C．Being trained in biomedical engineering.
D．Watching YouTube videos about ducks.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Using his biomedical engineering training，Terence spent the next few weeks creating a 3D template (模板)，after he found out how ducks’ legs worked in YouTube videos about ducks...”可知，Terence先从视频上看鸭子腿的运动原理，然后再利用自己生物医学工程方面的知识制作出一个3D模板。
7．To Terence’s great satisfaction，________．
A．Dudley has got a permanent artificial leg
B．a possible solution has been found to help suffering animals
C．he succeeded in his first attempt to make an artificial leg for Dudley
D．his design has become widely known online
B　解析：推理判断题。根据文章末句“The best part is that Terence has put all the designs on his website... to help out an animal suffering from a similar injury can do so...”可知，让Terence最高兴的是，他的这一做法让那些关心动物的人看到了治疗受伤动物的一种可行方法。
C
(2016·山东潍坊一模)Can you imagine a world without chocolate? It’s not something I’d like to do. So I was relieved to read that there’s a university with a programme to safeguard the future of chocolate!
The University of Reading, in England, has just opened a new clearing house for all the world’s new cocoa varieties. They must be quarantined(进行检疫) before they can be grown. Why? Cocoa production hit a record high of 4.4 million tons last year but about 30% of the precious crop is regularly lost to pests and diseases. Now we don’t want that, do we?
Demand for chocolate has been increasing faster than the world supply of cocoa and researchers think that new varieties are key to solving this problem.
The University of Reading has been protecting the quality of the new crop since 1985, after it took over the task from the Royal Botanical Gardens in Kew, London. And it has improved its facilities. The leader of the institution’s cocoa project, Professor Paul Hadley, says, “One of the main issues concerning cocoa improvement is the supply of reliably clean, healthy, interesting cocoa material.”
The cocoa centre has a collection of 400 plant varieties and their greenhouse uses a lot of energy to keep them in tropical conditions. After up to two years in quarantine, clean and safe seeds are sent to some 20 countries, including several in West Africa. That’s where 75% of the cocoa used for chocolate worldwide comes from. The crop is extremely important for the local economy: it employs about two million people.
Professor Paul Hadley says he works with a small team of skilled technicians who look after the collection. And more of us seem to count on them now.
The scientist says, “There is some concern within the industry that demand is increasing constantly, particularly in countries like China, where the standard of living is increasing and people are getting a taste for different chocolates.”
【文章大意】　本文主要介绍了英国一项保护可可种子的项目。
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．Safeguarding cocoa seeds.
B．Planting cocoa seeds worldwide.
C．Keeping cocoa seeds in greenhouse.
D．Finding the new market for cocoa.
A　解析：主旨大意题。 根据第一段中的“It’s not something I’d like to do.So I was relieved to read that there’s a university with a programme to safeguard the future of chocolate！” 及第五段中的“clean and safe seeds” 可知， 本文主要讲的是英国保护可可种子的项目， 即A项正确。
9．The institution’s cocoa project is to ________．
A．have cocoa skin removed
B．offer more jobs to people
C．ensure the quality of cocoa
D．supply cocoa to two million people
C　解析：推理判断题。 根据第四段中的最后一句“The leader of the institution’s cocoa project, Professor Paul Hadley, says, ‘One of the main issues concerning cocoa improvement is the supply of reliably clean, healthy, interesting cocoa material.’” 可知， 这个机构是要确保可可粉的质量， 即C项正确。
10．What does the last paragraph tell us?
A．The taste of chocolates is changing.
B．Demand for cocoa is increasing continually.
C．People are concerned about cocoa varieties.
D．Chinese have a long history of eating chocolates.
B　解析：细节理解题。 根据最后一段的关键词“demand is increasing constantly” 可知， 本段主要讲可可需求的不断增长， 即B项正确。
11．What’s the purpose of the text?
A．To educate.　　　　　　 B．To advertise.
C．To warn. D．To inform.
D　解析：写作意图题。 文章第一段点题， 结合全文的整体内容可知， 本文主要介绍了英国保护可可种子的项目， 属于向读者传递信息的类型， 即D项正确。
D
(2016·河北鸡泽第一中学高三测试)Bunny Yeager, a model and photographer, died at 85, her agent, Ed Christin said.
Yeager’s greatest achievement is her cultural impact on making bikinis popular.“Anyone in Miami in the 1950s who wanted a bikini would come to her, and she’d make one，”he said.
Yeager became famous for making women feel comfortable enough to take off clothes. Her photos of Bettie Page in a bathing suit standing next to a real cheetah(猎豹) are still well known today.
“They all wanted to model for me because they knew that I wouldn’t take advantage of them，”Yeager told The Associated Press during a 2013 interview.
In the 1940s, Yeager became one of the most photographed models in Miami during her early career. She later turned the camera on herself, in bathing suits she made for her 5­foot­9 frame by hand. Her self­portraits(自拍照) were turned into a book, How I Photograph Myself, in 1964.
She began taking photos of Page in 1954 as she began her job behind the camera.
She published about a dozen books. And her works have been displayed in art galleries across the world.
Yeager said she had a few requests when several magazines began to struggle or went out of business over the last decade, but her career returned to the public in 2010 when the Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh held an exhibition of her works, followed by another exhibition in Miami in 2013.
In her studio, Yeager kept some photos no one had ever seen in galleries. “I’m still feeling like a little child and excited about everything new that comes along in my life，”Yeager said in 2013.“I don’t know where it will lead to yet, but it sounds good to me.”
【文章大意】　本文讲述了著名模特兼摄影师Bunny Yeager的成就以及对世人的影响。
12．Bunny Yeager was probably born in ________．
A．1950 B．1925
C．1929 D．1940
C　解析：细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，Bunny Yeager 2013年接受采访，第一段告诉我们她活了85岁，所以C选项最有可能。
13．Bunny Yeager’s photo of Bettie Page were________．
A．considered controversial
B．never displayed at all
C．not in How I photograph myself
D．photographed with a cheetah
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句Her photos of Bettie Page in a bathing suit standing next to a real cheetah(猎豹) are still well known today.可知，那些照片是Bunny Yeager与猎豹合拍的。
14．What is the right order of what Yeager did in her life?
①starting to take photos of Page
②publishing her self­portrait book
③becoming a most photographed model
A．①②③ B．①③②
C．③①② D．③②①
C　解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，Bunny Yeager成为one of the most photographed models是在20世纪40年代，began taking photos of Page是在1954年，出版self­portrait book是在1964年，因此按先后顺序答案应为C。
15．According to the passage, Bunny Yeager was________．
A．devoted and productive
B．serious and interesting
C．popular but unhappy
D．honest and punctual
A　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段She published about a dozen books. And her works have been displayed in art galleries across the world.和最后一段的描述可知，Yeager热爱自己的职业；同时从当模特到自己拍照片，她的摄影作品丰富，故答案为A。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2016·湖北百校大联盟高三联考)Whether you’ re a child, teenager, young adult or are middle­aged, respect for your parents is an important value. Your parents are the people who raised you, devoting time, energy and money to your development.16.________ No matter your age, there are 4 ways to show respect.
·Respect their belongings. One important way to show respect is to show regard for the things important to your parents. For younger children, this may mean not touching jewelry or other valuable things.For grown children, respect may mean returning a borrowed tool in good condition and on time. Lack of respect for a parent’s belongings is a violation of personal boundaries. 17.________ And never borrow things without asking first.
·Punctuality.
18．________Therefore, always be on time. For teenagers, showing up on time means coming home by curfew(宵禁)．Adult children should show up on time for family dinners or events, or to pick a parent up for a medical appointment. Call if you’re going to be late because parents worry about children, no matter their age.
·19.________Remembering birthdays, anniversaries and other special days is a sign that you honor your parents. Make plans to take them to lunch or dinner or bake a cake or cookies. Most parents don’t expect expensive gifts, but a handmade gift is always appreciated.A phonecall from a grown child who lives too far for a visit is a welcome sign of respect.
·Be kind.
Kind words and affect