2018届中考英语基础知识复习检测12.doc

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八年级(下)　Units 5—6
,中考基础知识梳理

类别
课标考点要求

词
汇
攻
关
1.heavy→(副词)________
→(反义词)________
2．sudden→(副词)________
3．strange→(名词)陌生人________
4．wood→(形容词)________
5．fall→(形容词)落下的________
→(过去式)________
→(过去分词)________
6.ice→(形容词)________
7．silence→(形容词)________
→(形容词的近义词)________
→(反义词)________
→(形容词的反义词)________
8．west→(形容词)________
9．wife→(对应词)________
10．shine→(合成词)阳光________
短
语
归
纳
1.(闹钟)发出响声____________
2．进入梦乡，睡着____________
3．逐渐变弱，逐渐消失____________
4．看一看____________
5．前往，费力地前进____________
6．沉默，无声____________
7．拆除；往下拽；记录____________
8．首先，最初____________
9.有点儿，稍微____________
10．代替，反而____________
11．变成____________
12．从前____________
13．爱上，喜欢上____________
14．结婚____________
15．接电话____________
句
型
再
现
1.暴风雨来临时你正在干什么？
____________when the rainstorm came?
2．下暴雨时这个女孩在干什么？
What was the girl doing ________ the rainstorm?
3．外面没有光亮，感觉就像半夜一样。
____________，it felt like midnight.
4．本的爸爸正在拿几块木板盖住窗户，同时他妈妈在确认手电筒和收音机都能正常使用。
Ben's dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom ____________ the flashlights and radio were working.
5．他和家人来到外面，发现社区一片狼藉。
He went outside with his family and ____________．
6．她记得当时(自己)正在距离两座塔楼不远的办公室工作。
She ____________ in her office near the two towers.
7．我如此害怕，以至于从那以后我几乎不能清晰地思考。
I was ____________ that I could hardly ____________ clearly after that.
8.但是不把山移开，愚公还能做什么呢？
But what could Yu Gong do ____________ the mountains?
9．但是如果他不能把尾巴藏起来，他就不能把自己变成人。
But ________ he can hide his tail，he cannot ________ a man.
10．有一年天气太干旱，以至于粮食颗粒不长。
One year，the weather was ________ no food would grow.
11．妻子告诉丈夫，除非他把孩子们留在森林里死掉，否则全家人都将会死掉。
The wife told her husband that unless he ________ in the forest，the whole family would die.
12．你们一醒来就必须和爸爸去森林里。
________，you must go to the forest with your father.
语法
结构
1.过去进行时。
2．状语从句。

话
题
1.Unforgettable events(难忘的事情)
2．Legends and stories(传说和故事)
3．Facts about the world(有关世界的事实)

,贵阳五年中考真题演练
◆副词比较等级
1．(2013贵阳94题)—Which do you like ________，football，basketball or volleyball?
—Basketball.(well)
(　　)2.(2011贵阳35题)some Chinese singers sing English songs just as ________ as native speakers do.
A．good　　　B．better　　　C．well
◆从属连词
(　　)3.(2013贵阳32题)—Can you speak English?
—Of course，I have studied it ________ I was six years old.
A．though B．since C．before
(　　)4.(2012贵阳43题)Teresa is ________ nervous ________ she can't talk in front of the class.
A．such；that B．too；to C．so；that
5．(2013六盘水82题)她非常聪明，很快就做出这道数学难题。
She was ________ clever ________ she worked out the math problem quickly.
(　　)6.(2013遵义37题)He dressed ________ quickly ________ he put his shoes on the wrong feet.
A．so；as B．such；that C．so；that
◆动词的时态
7．(2015贵阳90题)While I ________(wait) for the bus at the bus station，it began to rain.
8．(2012六盘水79题)莉莉敲门的时候我正在洗衣服。
I ________ ________ my clothes when Lily knocked at the door.
(　　)9.(2014黔南30题)—We couldn't find you anywhere around 8：00 yesterday evening.
—I'm sorry for it.My mother and I ________ in the square.
A．danced　　　　　　B．will dance
C．were dancing D．are dancing

,贵阳中考重难点突破

　辨析asleep，sleeping，sleepy与sleep
【考点抢测】
sleep，sleeping，asleep，sleepy
1．Don't make a noise，Grandpa is ________.
2．I didn't sleep well last night，so I'm feeling ________.
3．Keep quiet，don't wake up the ________ baby.
4．I was too excited to go to ________.
5．The moment he lay down，he fell ________.
【满分点拨】
sleep
动词或
名词
睡觉
go to sleep睡觉；入睡
Last night I slept very well.我昨天晚上睡得很好。
I have a good sleep.我好好睡了一觉。
sleeping
形容词
睡着的
Please take a sleeping bag with you.请随身携带一个睡袋。
sleepy
形容词
困倦的
想睡的
She is always sleepy.她总是想睡觉。
I feel very sleepy now.我现在昏昏欲睡。
asleep
表语形
容词
睡着的
fall asleep睡着了
The children have been asleep.孩子们已睡着了。
He was too tired and fell asleep at once.他太累了，立刻就睡着了。
　pick up接电话；拣起
【考点抢测】
6．我七点打电话，你没有接。
I called at seven and you didn't ________ ________．
7．Class，please ________(pick up it，pick it up)when you see waste paper on the ground.
(　　)8.(2015绍兴中考)—Do you ________ your son from school?
—No.He comes back home on the school bus.
A．pick up　　B．look after　　C．drop in
【满分点拨】
pick up的用法
(1)pick up意为“接电话；拣起”，还有“(用车)接人”的意思。
(2)pick up是“动词＋副词”型短语，代词作宾语时必须放中间。若名词作宾语，既可以放在二者之间，也可以放在动词短语之后。
【图解助记】

【一言辨异】
He picked up a wallet on the way to picking up daughter.他在接他女儿的路上拣到一个钱包。
　remind提醒；便想起
【考点抢测】
(　　)9.He ________ me in time just as I would make the same mistake again.

A．reported B．repeated
C．reminded
10．The picture often reminds me of my school days.(改为同义句)
I often ________ my school days when I ________ the picture.
11．The picture often ________(使我想起) my school days.
12．Be sure ________(提醒) her to come back early.
【满分点拨】
remind的三种结构
remindremind sb.of sth.
提醒某人某事I want to remind you of the rules for school parties.
关于学校晚会，有几个规定我想提醒你们。
remind sb. to do sth.
提醒某人做某事Please remind me to post the letter on the way to school.
请提醒我在上学的路上把信寄了。
remind(sb.)that从句
提醒某人……Passengers are reminded(that) no smoking is allowed on this train.
旅客们请注意，本次列车禁止吸烟。
　get married结婚
【考点抢测】
13．这对新人如此高兴，以至于当他们结婚的时候，他们不停地微笑。
The new couple were so happy that they couldn't stop smiling when they ________ ________．
14．They got married 30 years ago.(改为同义句)
They ________ ________ ________ for 30 years.
(　　)15.(2015白银中考)She ________ for ten years and now she has a lovely daughter.
A．married 　　　　B．has been married
C．got married
【满分点拨】
与marry有关的短语辨析
词　汇
意义及用法
marry sb.
娶某人，嫁给某人
be/get married
“结婚”，时间状语为具体时间，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用
be/get married to sb.
与某人结婚，时间状语为具体时间，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用
have been married (to sb.)
已经(与某人)结婚，表示状态，跟“for＋时间段”
【温馨提示】
表示“与某人结婚”用be/get married to sb.或marry sb.表达，不能用marry with sb.。
　辨析voice，noise与sound
【考点抢测】
sound，noise，voice
16．They were shouting at the top of their ________.
17．Light travels much faster than ________.
18．He spoke in a very loud ________.
19．________(尽量不要吵闹) when you go into the bedroom.
(　　)20.On this show，your ________ will be heard.
A．sound　B．noise　C．voice
【满分点拨】
sound
声音；
响声
大自然的
任何声音
At midnight he heard a strange sound.半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音。
Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。

noise
噪音；
喧闹声
常指不悦
耳、不和谐
的嘈杂声
Don't make any noise!
别吵闹！
The noise wakes me up！噪音吵醒了我！
voice
嗓音
一般指人
的声音
The girl has a beautiful voice.那个女孩嗓音很美。
They are talking in low voices.他们正小声交谈。
【图解助记】

　population的用法
【考点抢测】
21．Beijing has got the ________(人口) of more than 13.8 million.
22．________ the population of China?
23．The population of China ________ larger than that of any other country in the world.Over 51 percent of the population of China ________ men.
24．India has ________(第二大人口) in the world.
【满分点拨】
population的用法：
,population
人口
不可数
名词有形容词修饰时，其前可用a

population作主语时，谓语用单数形式

population和分数、百分数一起构成短语作主语，则谓语要用复数形式

对人口的数量进行提问时，常用what，而不用how much

表示人口的“多/少”用large/smallWhat is the population of China?
中国有多少人口？
80% of the population in China are farmers.
中国百分之八十的人口是农民。
India has a large popu­
lation.
印度人口众多。
【巧学助记】
巧记population的用法口诀
population指“人口”；
提问它用what，不用how many/how much；
人口多用large，人口少用small；
人口增加用grow，人口减少就用fall。
　succeed的用法
【考点抢测】
25．Our country is ________(成功的) in launching another communication satellite.
26．He succeeded in ________(赢得) the prize in the speaking competition.
27．Stick to it，and you'll be ________(成功的)．
28．A man can ________(成功) at almost anything for which he was unlimited enthusiasm.
【满分点拨】
辨析succeed，success与successful
词条
词性及词义
用法
succeed
v.实现目
标，成功
succeed in doing sth.成功做某事
success
n.成功
一般作不可数名词；当作“成功的人或事”讲时，是可数名词。
successful
adj.成功的
常用作表语，副词为successfully。
Jim succeeded in getting through the forest.吉姆成功地穿过了那片森林。
Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。
She is a successful businesswoman.她是一位成功的女商人。
　nobody pron.没有人
【考点抢测】
29．______(Nobody，None)wanted to sound stupid.
30．没有一本书有趣。
________ of the books is interesting.
(　　)31.(2014襄阳中考)—Your English is very good.Who taught you?
—________．I learned it all by myself.
A．Somebody B．Everybody
C．Nobody
【满分点拨】
nobody与none的辨析
nobody＝no one
none
只能指人，不能指物；两者之后均不可接表示范围的of短语
既可指人也可指物；且其后通常要接表示范围的of短语
用作主语时，谓语动词用单数
none用作主语时，若指不可数名词，谓语只能用单数；若指可数名词，则谓语可用单数(较正式)也可用复数(用于非正式文体)
【温馨提示】
因为none否定的是一种数量，所以在回答how many或how much的提问时，通常用none，而在回答who的提问时，通常用no one或nobody。
　instead of代替；反而
【考点抢测】
32．I didn't catch the bus，so I had to ride my bike there i ________．
33．可是愚公不移山能干什么？
But what could Yu Gong do ________ ________ ________ the mountains?
(　　)34.(2013青海中考)It's sunny.Let's go sighting ________ watching TV in our hotel room.
A．thanks to　B．instead of　C．as well as
【满分点拨】
instead与instead of的辨析
instead

副词，“反而；却”，放于句首，连接上下句

副词，“代替”，放于句末

instead of
介词短语，“代替；而不是”，后接名词、代词宾格、介词短语或动词­ing形式
　against prep.倚；碰；撞
【考点抢测】
35．当我到达那儿的时候，他正倚在一棵树上。
He was leaning ________ a tree when I got there.
36．When talking about our plan，most of my classmates were ________(反对)my idea.
(　　)37.(2015广东中考)Most people are ________ building a paper factory near here.They are worried the river will get polluted.
A．for　 　　　B．with
C．against
【满分点拨】
against的用法
(1)against介词，表示位置，意为“倚；靠着；顶着”等。常与动词连用。
(2)be against意为“反对；违背；紧贴着”。

,高频话题写作指导
难忘的事情
◆写作导图
从全国近五年有关“难忘的一件事”相关话题书面表达的命题来看，此类作文命题通常有以下两个角度的内容：
1．和学生学习相关的难忘事情或经历。
2．和学生日常生活相关的经历。
结合贵阳考情，可以预测第一种命题角度出题几率更大。
an unforgettable
thing

——the thing that you
are unforgettable—what's the
unforgettable
thing
—the description
of the thing—when，
where，
who，
how，
why
—your feelings—excited，
moved，
happy，
sad，
angry…
◆亮点句型速成
常用句型：I will never forget the class.It gave me an important lesson.
推荐句型：→①I will never forget the class because it gave me an important lesson.
→②I will never forget the class which gave me an important lesson.
→③The class which gave me an important lesson is unforgettable.
常用句型：I am deeply moved by what Mike did.
推荐句型：→①I am deeply moved by the things that Mike did.
→②What Mike did moved me deeply/a lot.
(一)开头句：
1．I still remember the day last summer when I went for a picnic with my father.
2．There is no doubt that parents have given me a lot since I was born.
(二)中间句：
3．Last Monday，we had a discussion about food waste at the class meeting.
(三)结尾句：
4．These magic words touched my heart and I will never forget him.
5．In my opinion，friends are the persons who can share happiness and sorrow with us.
◆写作模板
In our daily life，everyone has something unforgettable.For me，点题，写出自己难忘的事情是什么．For example，事件发生的时间、所包括的人物、难忘事情的具体过程．I learned a lot from the story.这件事情对我的启发及自己的感受．
◆典例剖析
我们即将结束三年的初中生活，初中阶段必定有很多值得记忆的事。假如你是王海，请用英语给你的英国笔友Susan写一封信，谈谈你初中生活中最难忘的一件事。
要点如下：1.事情发生的时间、地点、经过；
2．你从这件事中明白了什么道理。
要求：1.意思连贯，语法正确，层次清楚；
2．文中不得出现真实的姓名等个人信息；
3．词数80～100。
【审题指导】此篇作文所给材料为文字提示类型，细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：
1．短文主语为第一人称，即我叫王海。
2．所写事件为初中生活中发生的一件难忘的事情，需包含事件发生的时间、地点、经过及所得的启发。
3．文中是描述过去已发生的事情，所以时态应以一般过去时为主；描述自己所得到的启发应为一般现在时。
4．文中不得出现真实的姓名等个人信息。词数80～100。
【范文点评】
Dear Susan，
①How__are__you？I'll__graduate__from my school right now.②I feel really sad to say__goodbye__to__my__teachers__and__classmates.③I__have__remembered__many__things during my school life.
①以礼貌问候引出书信，然后直入主题，I'll graduate from…。
②巧妙使用短语say goodbye to增加短文的亮点。

④For__example，last year there was a new student coming to our class.He was__really__weak__in English.Most of us helped him，including my teacher.⑤We told him to__listen__and__speak as much as possible，take__notes in the class and write__a diary in English very often.⑥So，in the last English exam，he__made__great__progress.The__result__cheered__him__up.
⑦From him，I know if you put your__heart__into the thing you want to do，you will succeed in the end.
⑧Best__wishes!
Yours，
Wang Hai
③使用remembered many things为下文做好铺垫。
④由for example引出事件，承上启下，行文自然；由be weak in…写出原因，增强文章的逻辑性。⑤通过几个动词listen and speak，take notes，write a diary说明所做的一系列动作，此句较长，是一个较复杂的简单句，显示了作者的文字功底。
⑥连词so承上启下，he made great progress和The result cheered him up.表达了事件结果。
⑦此段紧扣主题，说明了事件对于作者的启发，该句为一个复合句，含有宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句，而且使用了词组put your heart into，为短文增色添彩。
⑧信件结尾，祝福语，符合书信的格式。

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
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