高三英语单元知识点高效复习题14.doc

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选修8Unit 1 A land of diversity

Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. After the arrival of the Europeans, the native people were forced into s .
2. You have difficulty in moving to America, because the rules of i are rather strict for the foreigners.
3. Only a few of them thought highly of the plan. The m w ere against it.
4. Obama was e as the forty-four president of the United States.
5. The rural r has achieved good results, and there has been a noticeable change in the countryside.
Ⅱ. 辨析填空
take off/take up/take in/take on
1. The city has been developing very fast and it has a new look.
2. The old man the story at this point.
3. Don’t be by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.
4. The plane for Beijing at four o’clock.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. 我突然想起今晚我该拜访汤姆。
It me suddenly that I should call on Tom tonight.
2. 我会尽全力帮助你。
I will help you .
3. 他以80票的优势赢得了该席位。
He won the seat with 80 votes.
4. 我读书的时候，常在书上把我认为重要的地方标记出来。
In doing my reading, I often what I regard as important in a book.
5. 现在大部分教科书都配有插图。
School-books now have pictures.
Ⅳ.单项填空
从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Shall I give you a ride as you live so far?
— .
A. It couldn’t be better B. Of course you can
C. If you like D. It’s up to you
2. You fool! How can you let such a chance through your fingers.
A. ski B. spread C. slip D. glide
3. People have views on the policy published recently, because not everybody is in favour of it in the survey(调查).
A. excited B. surprised C. frightened D. mixed
4. Every possible means to help the poor people in Africa.
A. have tried B. have been tried
C. has tried D. has been tried
5. He can hardly his wife’s bad-temper，so he decided to seek divorce with her.
A. teamed up with B. caught up with
C. put up with D. kept up with
Ⅴ. 完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
The basic meaning of “pet” is an animal we keep for emotional (情感的) rather than economic reasons. A pet animal is 1 as a companion, and we all need companions to keep as feeling happy. 2 pets offer more than mere companionship: they invite us to love and be loved. Many 3 feel their pets understand them, for animals are 4 to sense anger and sorrow. Often a cat or dog can comfort us 5 when human words don’t help. We feel loved, too, by the way pets 6 us for a home, for food and drink. Dogs 7 , look up to their owners, 8 makes them feel important and needed.
A pet can be something 9 to each member of the family, another baby to the mother, a sister or brother to a(n) 10 child, a grandchild to the elderly, but for all of us pets provide 11 and companionship. It has 12 been suggested that tiny pets 13 be sent as companions to astronauts on space ships, to help reduce the stress (紧张) and 14 of space flights.
In this Plastic Age, when most of us live in large cities, pets are particularly important for 15 . A pet in the family keeps people in 16 with the more natural, animal world. Seeing an animal give birth brings understanding of the naturalness of childbirth, and seeing a pet 17 helps a child to cope with sorrow. Learning to 18 a pet helps a child to grow up into a loving adult who feels 19 toward those dependent on them. Rightly we teach children to be good to their pets. They should learn, too, that pets are 20 for us human beings.
1. A. known B. looked upon C. treated D. kept
2. A. But B. However C. So D. Otherwise
3. A. masters B. owners C. bosses D. hosts
4. A. slow B. quick C. easy D. difficult
5. A. in time B. on time C. at times D. at no time
6. A. depend on B. live on C. wait on D. look on
7. A. especially B. hardly C. hopefully D. entirely
8. A. it B. who C. which D. what
9. A. dangerous B. necessary C. the same D. different
10. A. single B. only C. separate D. alone
11. A. loss B. love C. trouble D. pleasure
12. A. ever B. even C. never D. probably
13. A. would B. could C. should D. must
14. A. loneliness B. distance C. darkness D. weight
15. A. housewives B. children C. grown ups D. relatives
16. A. connection B. conversation C. touch D. love
17. A. die B. suffer C. cry D. fight
18. A. pay for B. ask for C. call for D. care for
19. A. comfortable B. suitable C. valuable D. responsible
20. A. fit B. good C. expensive D. bad
Ⅵ. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Burning the midnight oil before an exam or interview has an opposite effect according to a research which found that sleep is necessary for memories to be “downloaded” into the brain.
“A good night’s sleep within 30 hours of trying to remember a new task is a necessary condition of having good recall in the weeks ahead,” scientists have found.
“We think that getting that first nights sleep starts the process of memory consolidation(加强),” said Robert Stickgold, a sleep researcher at Harvard Medical School who conducted the latest study.
“It seems that memories are normally washed out of the brain unless some process nails them down. I feel uncertain that sleep is one of those things that do the nailing down,” Professor Stickgold said.
Professor Stickgold’s team trained the 24 people to tell the direction of three diagonal bars (斜线) shown for a sixtieth of a second on a computer screen full of horizontal stripes (水平线).
Half the subjects were kept awake that night, while the others slept. Both groups were allowed to sleep for the second and third nights to make up for any differences in tiredness between the volunteers.
Those who slept the first night were much better at remembering the task while the second group showed no improvement in spite of enjoying two nights of catchup sleep.
A further study by scientists at the Medical University at Lubeck in Germany showed that memories are laid down in two stages during the night. The first is during the deep, so-called “slow wave” sleep, which usually takes place in the first half of the night. The second, and less important stage happens during the periods of dreaming or “rapid eye movement (REM)”. When people don’t sleep well in the first half of the night, their memory consolidation is almost the same as having no sleep at all.
1. Which of the following statements is CORRECT according to the first paragraph?
A. It is necessary to burn the midnight oil before an exam or interview.
B. Sleep speeds up the loss of memory.
C. Man should have a good sleep if he wants to keep a good memory.
D. Staying up late will make you better prepared for an exam or interview.
2. It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that .
A. some process helps memories to be washed out of the brain
B. professor Stickgold is doubtful about whether sleep can make memories worse
C. some memories normally influence the function of the brain
D. sleep may can improve the condition of memories
3. How was the research conducted by Professor Stickgold?
A. The subjects were divided into two groups.
B. All the subjects were kept awake for 3 nights.
C. One group slept at the first night but was kept awake the next two nights.
D. One group was kept awake for 3 nights but the other slept for the second and third nights.
4. What was the study result of the scientists at the Medical University at Lubeck?
A. REM sleep is not important at all for the consolidation for memory.
B. Intellectual performance mainly depends on the slow wave sleep period.
C. When people sleep poorly in the first half of the night, it is almost the same as having no sleep at all.
D. REM sleep is as important as slow wave sleep in terms of memory recall.
5. The BEST title of this passage is .
A. Sleep Necessary for Memories
B. The Importance of the First Stage of Sleep
C. Studies Made By Scientists About Sleep
D. The Scientists’ Achievement in Sleep Research
Ⅶ. 短文改错
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
Nowadays, paper still come from trees. Unfortunately, we use a 1.
lot of paper every day. We must not waste paper and there will 2.
not be any trees leaving on Earth. No tree means no paper. We 3.
need 17 trees make one ton of paper. We must start using less 4.
paper now because it takes about 100 years of a tree to grow. 5.
How can we save paper? Firstly, we can use both the sides 6.
of every sheet of paper. We can reuse envelope. We can choose 7.
drinks in bottles instead of drinks in cardboard cartoons. We can 8.
use plastic cups and plates instead of paper one. We can also 9.
use handkerchiefs instead of paper tissues. We can use less paper 10.
shopping bags and we can reuse these paper bags later as well.

Ⅳ.单项填空
1. 解析：选A。It couldn’t be better意为“再好不过了”，是对别人邀请的回答；Of course you can表达生硬，不符合交际用语习惯;If you like是对别人请求的回答;It’s up to you意为“随便”。根据句意，选A。
2. 解析：选C。句意为：你真愚蠢！你怎么能让这么个机会从你指间溜走呢？ski 滑雪；spread延伸；slip滑过；溜走；glide滑行。根据句意可知，选C。
3. 解析：选D。mixed views意为“各种各样的观点”，从后面的because not everybody is in favour of it in the survey我们可以得出答案。
4. 解析：选D。means是单复数形式相同的名词，从空前的every可知，means在这里表示单数，同时它与try之间呈被动关系，因此用被动语态。
5. 解析：选C。考查短语辨析。team up with与……合作;catch up with赶上;put up with忍受; keep up with跟得上。根据句意可知，选C。
Ⅴ. 完形填空
1. 解析：选D。从空后的“...and we all need companions to keep as feeling happy”可知，作者认为人们是把宠物作为伴侣来养，而不是把它看作伴侣。
2. 解析：选A。从空后的“more than mere (only) companionship”可知，本句与上句为转折关系。
3. 解析：选B。从空后的“their pets”可知，这里表示的是宠物的拥有者。host是相对客人而言；master相对仆人 (servant)而言；而owner指某物的所有者。
4. 解析：选B。quick在这里意为“反应灵敏”。
5. 解析：选C。at times在此相当于 sometimes。
6. 解析：选A。句意为：通过宠物依赖于我们给它们一个家、食物、饮水的同时我们也感受到爱。depend on sb. for sth.意为“依靠某人获得某物”。
7. 解析：选A。作者认为在这一点上狗的表现最突出，因此用especially表示。
8. 解析：选C。which引导非限制性定语从句，在这里指代Dogs look up to their owners，look up to 在这里意为“尊敬，尊重”。
9. 解析：选D。从空后的“another baby to the mother, a sister or brother to a(n) 10 child, a grandchild to the elderly”可知,宠物对于不同的家庭成员其角色是不一样的。
10. 解析：选B。single意为“单身的”，指没有结婚;alone不可作定语，因此A、D两项不符合句意，故选B。
11. 解析：选D。句意为：宠物给我们带来欢乐和陪伴。从空后的and companionship可知，应选D。
12. 解析：选B。句意为：甚至有人建议小宠物应该带到宇宙飞船上给宇航员做伴。even意为“甚至”，在这里用作加强语气。
13. 解析：选C。suggest后的宾语从句用的是虚拟语气，其谓语是“should+动词原形”。
14. 解析：选A。宠物用来减轻宇航员飞行中的紧张与孤独。
15. 解析：选B。最后一段论述了宠物对孩子性格培养方面的重要作用。所以应该是针对孩子而言。
16. 解析：选C。句意为:宠物使得（家庭中的）人们与更多的自然界动物保持接触。keep in touch with 与……保持联系。
17. 解析：选A。die 在此与give birth 相对，从空后的 with sorrow 也可以得到此答案的提示。
18. 解析：选D。care for 意为“关心，照顾”。
19. 解析：选D。句意为：学会关心宠物有助于将孩子培养成有爱心的成年人，他们会对需要自己的人负责。
20. 解析：选B。句意为：他们也会知道宠物对我们人类有益处。
Ⅵ. 阅读理解
1. 解析：选C。推理判断题。本文通过实验说明好的睡眠对记忆力至关重要。文章第一段就交代了整篇文章的中心。
2. 解析：选D。推理判断题。Professor Stickgold的话说明：睡眠也许是不让记忆力衰退的关键之一。
3. 解析：选A。细节理解题。文章第六、七段介绍了参与实验者被分成两组，一组第一天晚上睡觉，另一组第一天晚上不睡觉。
4. 解析：选B。细节理解题。文章最后一段说明了slow wave睡眠阶段对记忆的重要性。
5. 解析：选A。标题概括题。归纳文章第一段的内容可知。
Ⅶ. 短文改错
1. come→comes
2. and→or
3. leaving→left
4. make前加to
5. of→ for
6. 去掉the
7. envelope→envelopes或在envelope前加an
8. √
9. one→ones
10. less→fewer

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