2018届高考英语第一轮课时训练1.doc

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课堂作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.________ is obvious that this destruction will become more dangerous in the future.
2.I find ________ important for us to learn English well.
3.The organization encourages members to meet on a regular basis，as well as ________(provide) them with financial support.
4.Can you hang ________ while I go for some water?
5.If I ________(be) you，I would seize the chance to go abroad.
6.It sounds as though you ________(have) a good time.
7.Reading in the sun is ________(harm) to your eyes.
8.It is suggested that he ________(solve) the problem in another way.
9.Your smoking can do harm ________ the health of your children.
10.I don’t fancy ________(go) out so far in such bad weather.
11.________ average，a family will use 5 kg of wood per day to cook on a simple wood stove.
12.________ view of the above－mentioned facts，we wish to make the following proposals.
答案　1.It　2.it　3.providing　4.on　5.were　6.had 7.harmful　8.(should) solve　9.to　10.going　11.On 12.In
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.What was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.
2.Don’t handle the vase as if it was made of steel.
3.Mary as well as I have been to the Great Wall.
4.Wherever you go，keep touch with me，please.
5.Brown meat essence is harmful for people’s health.
6.They settled down to read the text when they came to the room.
7.His dream that he wants to be a teacher has now realized.
8.Let us not lose in touch with reality.
9.On his view，in 50 years，the average human life span will be 150 years old.
10.The scientist suggested grow rice on the dried river bed.
答案　1.What→It　2.was→were　3.have→has 4.touch前加in　5.for→to　6.read→reading　7.now后加been　8.去掉in　9.On→In　10.grow→growing
Ⅲ.课文缩写语法填空
The last three decades have seen that the Internet is growing 1.________ (rapid).Nowadays，the number of the computers 2.________ are connected to the Internet is around 50 million.
Some experts，3.________ (worry) about the crime in cyberspace，are not optimistic 4.________ the future.For example，in the future，the computers of banks and governments may be attacked by 5.________ (terror).6.________， many people hold an opposite view about the future of cyberspace.7.________ their opinion，the Internet can bring them great 8.________(convenient)，such as buying books，9.________ (book) tickets and shopping on the Internet.Besides，people can get entertainment from the Net; television and mail service may disappear.With computers widely 10.________ (use)，some experts see our future in virtual reality.
答案　1.rapidly　2.which　3.worrying　4.about 5.terrorists　6.However　7.In　8.convenience 9.booking　10.used
Ⅳ.单元考点作文串记
一、根据提示翻译句子
1.这个城市发生了地震，毁坏了很多建筑和道路，很显然水电供应被切断了。(attack，It is obvious that...)
______________________________________________________________
2.政府立即采取行动帮助那里的人们。起初救援人员不能和那里的人们取得联系。(get in touch with)
______________________________________________________________
3.很明显当地人的生活受到了极大的影响。政府号召全国各地的人们向灾区提供帮助。 (It was clear that...，affect)
______________________________________________________________
4.很多人已经在他们的新家定居。( settle)
______________________________________________________________
答案　1.An earthquake attacked this city，destroying many buildings and roads.It was obvious that the water and electricity supplies were cut off.
2.The government took immediate action to help the people there.At first，rescue workers couldn’t get in touch with the people there.
3.It was clear that the local people’s life was greatly affected.The government called on people all over the country to offer their help to the disaster－hit area.
4.Many people have settled in their new homes.
二、加入适当过渡词，连句成篇

【参考范文】
An earthquake attacked this city，destroying many buildings and roads，and it was obvious that the water and electricity supplies were cut off.The government took immediate action to help the people there.However，at first，rescue workers couldn’t get in touch with the people there.It was clear that the local people’s life was greatly affected.Therefore，the government called on people all over the country to offer their help to the disaster－hit area.Up to now，many people have settled in their new homes.
课下作业
A卷　阅读提速练(限时20′)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In a few weeks, the halls of a school in Nanuet, N.Y., will be full of mini race cars.The vehicles are carefully designed to achieve great speed.
But the cars’ makers aren’t college－level engineers; they’re middle－school students attempting to learn about physics and technology.“It’s rewriting what’s possible in education，” says Vinny Garrison, the teacher who organizes the races.
According to a survey, nearly three－fourths of U.S.teachers use technology to encourage students to learn.And that tech is getting smarter: students can now tour ancient worlds to learn history, take quizzes via smartphone and more.Most of the changes are designed to better prepare U.S.students for careers in fast－growing fields like science and engineering.But they can come at a cost.A $500 million plan to supply Los Angeles students with iPads was recently stopped after students found ways to avoid content filters (过滤器).
So far, however, research shows that using tech in the right ways can make students smarter and more creative.Here is a look at six new technologies that are shaping the classrooms of the future.
1.MakerBot has already placed more than 5，000 3－D printers in U.S.schools that are designed to help students create model cars (to learn about physics), model frogs (to learn about biology) and more.
2.Publishing company McGraw－Hill’s line of digital SmartBooks quizzes students after every chapter and stresses the material they need to review; teachers can use that data to better know their students.
3.Hewlett－Packard is testing touchscreen black－boards in a model classroom in Taipei, which are connected with students’ individual computers, allowing them to copy notes and view multimedia (多媒体).
4.Some classrooms at the University of North Carolina feature rolling desks, which allow students to easily switch from listening to a teacher to organizing into small groups.
5.Instead of purchasing new tech, schools in Katy, Texas, ask kids to bring their own smartphones—so they can conduct research, answer quizzes via text and more.
6.In order to help kids understand teamwork and trust, the Kickstarter－funded Empathy Toy—already used in roughly 400 schools globally—requires them to cooperate on building blocks (积木) while they are blindfolded.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。虽然现代科技在教育领域的使用像一把双刃剑，但是正确的使用能对学生产生促进作用。
1.The car races are organized________.
A.to challenge college students B.by middle－school students
C.for educational purposes D.at New York City Hall
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的they’re middle－school students attempting to learn about physics and technology可知，学生设计这些赛车是出于学习的目的。]
2.The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refers to________.
A.fields B.changes
C.careers D.students
答案　B　[词义猜测题。根据第三段内容可知，科技给教育带来了变化，这些变化对学生的学习有所帮助，但同时也伴随着代价，故此处的they指代changes。]
3.Which of the following is helpful for students’ practical skills?
A.MakerBot. B.SmartBooks.
C.Touchscreen blackboards. D.Empathy Toy.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的MakerBot...help students create model cars (to learn about physics)，model frogs (to learn about biology) and more可知，MakerBot能帮助学生制作模型，对于锻炼学生的实际动手能力有好处。]
4.What’s the purpose of this text?
A.To report applications of technology in schools.
B.To show students’ great interest in technology.
C.To describe some research work on education.
D.To recommend some advanced technologies.
答案　A　[写作目的题。通读全文可知，作者以客观的口吻介绍了现代科技在教育领域的应用，既介绍了它的好处，也谈到了它的弊端。故选A项。]
B
In the United States of America, the legal voting age is 18 years.Though some Americans have expressed interest in raising the voting age, saying that these important decisions should not be left in the hands of a teenager, I disagree.I believe that those who are 18 years old are ready to take on the responsibility for voting.
We all know that in the United States, 18 is the age when an individual is considered an adult by the government.Being an adult in the eyes of the law is quite different than simply being a juvenile.Punishments for illegal activities become much heavier.Additionally, at 18，an individual can join the army without receiving permission from his parents to do so.So, when a citizen turns 18, the politics of the country start affecting him in a completely different way.It is unfair to let one lead a severer lifestyle and not allow him any choice in the matter.
Furthermore, by allowing a teenager to vote, we are helping to ensure that he will become more politically minded at a younger age.I didn’t care at all about the politics of my country when I couldn’t vote.As I couldn’t do anything about the politics at the time, I couldn’t see why I should care.It wasn’t until I turned 18 years of age that I started actively trying to understand who ran my government and the way in which it was governed.By allowing 18－year－olds to vote, we are getting them engaged in the world of politics much sooner.
In addition, teenagers today are much smarter than we think.Today’s society is much more technologically advanced than it was in the past.Teenagers have access to all kinds of information through the Internet and their smartphones.So, teenagers have enough knowledge to make good decisions.
Therefore, I think 18 is indeed a proper age to make important political decisions and those who are 18 should be allowed to make important decisions that will affect their nation.
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。有人认为应该提高美国的选举年龄，作者对此表示反对。
5.The underlined word “juvenile” in Paragraph 2 probably means________.
A.child B.soldier
C.teenager D.criminal
答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据本句中的than可知，这里是与本句开头的adult作对比。根据常识可知，18岁正是从“青少年”向“成年”过渡的年龄。由此可推测，这里指成年人承担的法律责任和义务都与“青少年”大不相同。]
6.When reaching 18, the author________.
A.loved his country more than before
B.changed his attitude towards politics
C.worked in a governmental institution
D.called for a reduction in the voting age
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的I didn’t care at all about the politics of my country when I couldn’t vote...It wasn’t until I turned 18 years of age that I started actively trying to understand who ran my government and the way in which it was governed可以看出，作者18岁以后改变了自己对政治的态度，从漠不关心到积极参与。]
7.The author believes “teenagers today are much smarter than we think” because they________.
A.are quick－minded
B.are well－informed
C.can use modern technologies on their own
D.can act according to changing circumstances
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据本句后的内容，尤其是Teenagers have access to all kinds of information及teenagers have enough knowledge可知，作者说“如今的青少年比我们想象中聪明得多”是说他们消息灵通、知识广博。]
8.Which of the following shows the structure of the text?

CP：Central Point　　　 P：Point
Sp：Sub－point(次要点) C：Conclusion
答案　C　[篇章结构题。通读全文可知，作者在第一段提出了自己的观点：I believe that those who are 18 years old are ready to take on the responsibility for voting，随后在第二、三、四段证明自己的观点，这三段的结尾It is unfair to let one lead a severer lifestyle and not allow him any choice in the matter, By allowing 18－year－olds to vote, we are getting them engaged in the world of politics much sooner和So, teenagers have enough knowledge to make good decisions就是作者的三个论据。最后一段是作者得出的结论。故选C项。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Is conversation a lost art?
The next time you eat at a restaurant, take some time to look around you.What do you notice? __1__How many of them are engaged (忙于) in face－to－face conversations? On the other hand, how many of them have their heads down using a smartphone?
Thanks to smartphones and the Internet, we’re able to text, email, or make phone calls all day long.__2__Experts argue, however, that the types of communication made possible by modern technology have come at the expense of real, face－to－face conversations.Even though we’re connecting more than ever, the exchanges aren’t as deep as in－person conversations.
Do we really spend that much time on electronic devices (设备), though？__3__According to a recent study, today’s young Americans (ages 8－18) spend more than seven－and－a－half hours every day on electronic devices, such as smartphones, televisions, computers, and video games.
So what’s the big deal? Many experts have noted that a reliance (依赖) upon electronic communications can have a negative effect on social skills and writing skills.__4__While digital communications teach certain skills and habits, face－to－face conversations teach other skills that are important for our overall well－being.
__5__Experts urge people to unplug more often.Set aside time without electronics to share face－to－face conversations with friends and family.Keeping a healthy balance between on－screen and off－screen discussions will make you a better communicator in all areas of your life.
A.Researchers have found the answer is yes.
B.Pay particular attention to the other people around you.
C.How can we be sure we don’t lose the art of conversation?
D.When you’re sad or lonely, a smile may make a huge difference.
E.This can make it harder to keep healthy relationships as an adult.
F.In many ways, we’re communicating more than we ever had in the past.
G.There’s an average of 11 hours of media content in those seven－and－a－half hours.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。手机等通讯设备的出现使得人与人之间面对面的交流越来越少了。
1.B　[根据本空前后的What do you notice？和How many of them are engaged in face－to－face conversations？可知，B项内容是对前面问题的补充。]
2.F　[根据本空前的Thanks to smartphones and the Internet, wer’re able to text, email, or make phone calls all day long可知，F项是对前面内容的进一步说明。]
3.A　[根据本空后的today’s young Americans...on electronic devices可知，A项内容是对本空前所提问题的回答。]
4.E　[根据本空前的a reliance upon electronic communications can have a negative effect on social skills可知，E项是对前面内容的进一步说明。]
5.C　[本段主要讲述了如何平衡面对面的交流和使用电子设备来交流，故C项内容符合此处语境。]
B卷　Ⅱ卷规范练(限时30′)
Ⅲ.语法填空
A Thousand Splendid Suns, __1__(write) by Khaled Hosseini, shows the influence that Afghanistan’s violent history has had on individuals, __2__(especial) its women.
Hosseini describes the __3__(life) of Laila and Mariam, and their struggle against society and the Taliban.They ar