高三英语知识点复习课后提能演练18.doc

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03 课后演练提能
[夯实基础]
Ⅰ.课文单句语法填空[在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式]
1．Frederick Willian Ⅰ， the King of Prussia, could never have imagined________his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an________(amaze) history.
答案　that; amazing　第一空为宾语从句，故填that; 第二空修饰history，应填amazing。
2．This gift was the Amber Room, ________was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.
答案　which　此处为非限制性定语从句，应填which，先行词为the Amber Room。
3．It was a treasure________(decorate) with gold and jewels.
答案　decorated　过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰中心词treasure。be decorated with...“装饰有……”。此处为省略句，补充完整为：It was a treasure (that/which was) decorated with gold and jewels。
4．It was________(design) for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ.
答案　designed　be designed for“为……而设计”。
5．However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick Willian Ⅰ， ________whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.
答案　to　belong to“属于”。空处为“介词＋关系代词”形式的定语从句。
6．In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. ________(return), the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.
答案　In return　in return “作为回报”。
7．About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important________(visit)．
答案　visitors　句意：这间琥珀屋长约四米，被用作接待重要来宾的小型会客厅。由句意可知应填visitors。
8．Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room________(move) to a palace outside St Petersburg________she spent her summers.
答案　moved; where　句意：后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。第一空，have sth. done“让某事被做”；第二空为定语从句，where在从句中作地点状语。
9．This was a time________the two countries were________war.
答案　when; at　第一空为定语从句，先行词为time, 定语从句中缺少时间状语，故填when；第二空，at war “处于交战状态”，固定搭配。
10．There is no doubt________the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg.
答案　that　There is no doubt that...“毫无疑问……”，固定句式。
Ⅱ.选词填空
at war, less than, in return, by design, in search of
1．She devoted herself to the school and asked for nothing ________.
答案　in return
2．Those two countries have been ________ for a long time.
答案　at war
3．It took ________ five minutes to reach the square.
答案　less than
4．He broke a glass to draw her attention ________.
答案　by design
5．Many doctors are working on the project ________ a cure for the disease.
答案　in search of
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．I ____________ him, but I didn't attend the party last night.
我本可以遇见他，可惜我没去参加昨晚的聚会。
答案　could have met
2．They are________the woods________the missing boy.
他们在森林里寻找那个失踪的小男孩。
答案　searching; for
3．Can I buy you lunch____________your help?
感谢你帮忙，我请你吃午饭好吗？
答案　in return for
4．How long do you think they____________？
你认为他们之间的战争持续了多长时间？
答案　have been at war
5．____________Avatar is a pretty good film.
毫无疑问，《阿凡达》是一部很好的电影。
答案　There is no doubt that
[提升能力]
Ⅳ.在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式
1．The recorder costs 500 yuan. But I don't think it's________that much.
答案　worth　句意：这台录音机花了500元。但是我认为它不值那么多钱。worth是形容词，意为“值……，相当于……的价值”，后接价值数量词，也可以接名词、代词或动名词(不能接不定式)。
2．There is no doubt in my mind________they will be happy to accept the job.
答案　that　句意：我认为毫无疑问他们会很高兴地接受这份工作的。此题考查同位语从句，根据句意应该由that引导。
3．Nobody knows how people first came to these islands.They________(sail) from South America on rafts.
答案　may/might have sailed　句意：没有人知道起初人们是怎样来到这些岛屿的。他们可能是坐木筏从南美来的。从第一句可以看出这里考查对过去情况的不肯定性推测，故用may/might have done。
4．You have done so much for me and I really don't know what to do for you________return.
答案　in　句意：你已经为我做了这么多，我都不知该为你做点什么作为回报。in return意为“作为回报，作为报答”。
5．I do doubt________we will defeat Class Two in this match.
答案　whether或if　考查宾语从句。句意：我确实怀疑我们能否在这场比赛中打败二班。无论doubt用作名词还是动词，在肯定句中，其后面的从句都用whether引导，宾语从句还可用if引导。
6．－Have you read this book?
－Yes. But that one is________worth reading.I suggest you read it.
答案　better　首先注意be well worth doing用法，另外从语境分析，这里是把this book和that one进行比较，故用比较级形式。
7．Teenagers shouldn't ________ (remove)from school although they don't do well in studies.
答案　be removed　考查动词。从动词的及物与不及物以及词语搭配得出答案。be removed from“开除”。
8．After the traffic accident, no one________ except a few people who were badly injured.
答案　survived　分析句意可知，此处survive应表示“幸存”的意思，是不及物动词，故不能用被动语态。
9．Children above 12 are able to take part in skiing or other activities________(design) for them.
答案　designed　design意为“企图，设计，打算”，用过去分词形式作定语修饰activities，表示被动关系。句意：12岁以上的孩子都能够参加滑雪或为他们设计的其他活动。
10．He usually appears to be honest. Who can fancy ________(do) such a thing?
答案　his doing　fancy sb.'s doing sth.“想象某人做某事”，考查动名词的复合结构。
Ⅴ.完形填空
Death Valley, a desert located near the border of California and Nevada, is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes (极限). Storms in the mountains can ___1___sudden flooding on the floor. But it hardly rained all through the year and the ___2___ of the rocks and soil can be as high as 74 ℃. The extreme ___3___ of Death Valley has killed people in the past, which will continue to kill those who do not honor this extreme ___4___. Death Valley does not forgive those who are not ____5___.
It's easy to see where the ground has been ___6___ up by movement deep in the earth. There are fossils (化石) in the rock that ___7___ this area was deep under an ocean many thousands of years ago. Much of Death Valley is flat and extremely dry. ___8___， it is full of life. Wild flowers grow very quickly after a little ___9___. Some plants can send their roots down to the ___10___ ground. Many kinds of birds live in Death Valley. ___11___ do mammals (哺乳动物) and reptiles.
The area was named by a ___12___ in 1849, which was the year after gold was ___13___ in California. Thousands of people ___14___to the gold mining areas. Many people were not careful and made ___15___ choices. Among them, one group reached Death Valley on their horses. Not only did they have to survive the ___16___ heat of summer, but there was still a(n) ___17___ lack of water. There was also little ___18___ for their animals to eat and little food for them to eat. As the few survivors left at last, one woman ___19___ back and said, “Goodbye, Death Valley.” The name has never been ___20___.
本文是说明文。死谷虽是一片沙漠，但也充满生机，很久以前这里曾是汪洋大海。谷里令人望而却步的就是它的高温和干燥。
1．A.prevent 　　 B．produce
C．destroy D．grow
答案　B　根据语境和常识判断，山中的暴雨会“引起”(produce)谷地的洪水。grow意为“种植，栽培”。
2．A.temperature B．quantity
C．height D．amount
答案　A　根据语境可知，下文提到的74℃是指“温度”(temperature)，height意为“高度，身高”。
3．A.scenery B．position
C．water D．heat
答案　D　上文提到了谷中的高温，因而死谷置人于死地的自然是极端的“炎热”(heat)。scenery意为“风景”，不符合语境。
4．A.climate B．rock
C．soil D．flood
答案　A　根据上文所述，此处的“极端情况”属于气候。
5．A.lucky B．honest
C．kind D．careful
答案　D　根据语境和常识可知，在这种极端的环境中，人们需要小心谨慎，否则难逃劫难。
6．A.taken B．pushed
C．caught D．made
答案　B　下文有提示，谷内的地表是被地球内部的运动“推”(push)上来的。take up意为“拿起，接受，从事”；make up意为“编造，组成，弥补，化妆等”。
7．A.show B．introduce
C．display D．appear
答案　A　谷底的化石表明那儿很久以前曾是一片大海。show意为“表明，显示”；appear意为“似乎”。
8．A.Furthermore B．However
C．Therefore D．Meanwhile
答案　B　此处与上文之间是转折关系，即死谷虽然极端炎热，却也充满生机。furthermore表示递进关系。
9．A.moment B．air
C．rain D．sunlight
答案　C　根据常识可知，沙漠中的花草最缺的是雨水。
10．A.hard B．soft
C．deep D．shallow
答案　C　沙漠中的植物须把根深扎地下，以吸取水分。hard意为“坚硬的”，用在此处无法解释植物能在少雨高温的情况下生长的原因。
11．A.Either B．Neither
C．Or D．So
答案　D　根据语境可知，死谷内一片生机，有各种鸟类，也有其他动物。so表示前者的情况也适合于后者。
12．A.soldier B．woman
C．child D．farmer
答案　B　下文有提示，是一个到过此处的妇女离开时发出的感叹，而有了今天的名字。
13．A.invented B．traded
C．discovered D．realized
答案　C　根据历史常识可知，在美国加州“发现”(discover)了金矿，引起了轰动世界的淘金热。trade意为“经商，交易”；invent指发明某种不存在的东西。
14．A.stuck B．referred
C．led D．traveled
答案　D　很多人前往加州金矿淘金。travel意为“游历，行进”；stick to意为“坚持”；refer to意为“参考，查阅”；lead to意为“导致，通向”。
15．A.wise B．difficult
C．strange D．bad
答案　D　根据语境可知，因为不小心，所以会走错路。bad choice意为“糟糕的选择”。
16．A.terrible B．pitiful
C．possible D．suitable
答案　A　根据语境可知，谷内极度炎热。terrible意为“极度的，过度的”；pitiful意为“可怜的，卑鄙的”。
17．A.enough B．extreme
C．complete D．exact
答案　B　根据上文提到的死谷的气候和地质特征可知，那儿是“极其”(extreme)缺水的。complete意为“完全的”，不符合题意。
18．A.fruit B．meat
C．grass D．meal
答案　C　根据上文可知，这批人是骑马走到那儿的，而马的食物主要是“草”(grass)。
19．A.came B．ran
C．got D．looked
答案　D　最后，幸存者离开时，一个妇女“回过头来”(look back)对山谷说的话成了它的名字。
20．A.changed B．dismissed
C．considered D．recorded
答案　A　因为这个名字沿用至今，所以一直没“改变”(change)。dismiss意为“解雇，解散”。
温馨提示：完形填空及阅读理解中标注的W部分为重点单词，标注的P部分为重点短语，标注的S部分为句式仿写，旨在通过此栏目的练习，帮助学生夯实基础，做到厚积薄发。

Ⅵ.阅读理解
More than 10 million Chinese cultural relics have been lost overseas, most of which were stolen and illegally shipped out of China during the times of war before 1949. About 1.67 million pieces are housed in more than 200 museums in 47 countries, which accounts for 10 percent of all lost Chinese cultural relics, and the rest are in the hands of private collectors.
Most of these treasures are owned by museums or private collectors in the United States, Europe, Japan and Southeast Asian countries. There are more than 23,000 pieces in the British Museum, most of which were stolen or bought for pennies more than 100 years ago.
The major method to recover these national treasures was to buy them back. In some cases, private collectors donated the relics to the government. Also the government can turn to official channels (渠道) to demand the return of relics.
In 2003, a priceless bronze pig's head dating from the Qing Dynasty was returned to its home in Beijing after it was removed by the Anglo­French Allied Army over 140 years ago. Macao entrepreneur (企业家) Stanley Ho donated 6 million yuan to buy it back from a US art collector and then donated it to the Poly Art Museum in Beijing.
Although buying­back is the most feasible way to recover the lost treasures, limited funding is always a big headache.
In recent years, the Chinese government has improved efforts to recover the precious cultural relics lost overseas. It has started a national project on the recovery of the treasures and has set up a database (数据库) collecting relevant information. It has signed several international agreements with many countries on this matter, and is also looking for international cooperation to recover the relics by working closely with several international organizations.
本文是记叙文。一千多万件文物在1949年以前战争期间流失于海外，大多数是被偷并被非法运出中国的，本文讲述了中国人民和政府为回收这些文物所做的努力。
1．What is the passage mainly about?
A．How to recover cultural relics.
B．The efforts to recover Chinese cultural relics.
C．Stanley Ho donated a bronze pig's head to Beijing.
D．Chinese cultural relics were stolen by the AngloFrench Allied Army.
答案　B　主旨大意题。本文用大量篇幅讲述了中国人民及政府为收回流失海外的文物所做的努力，可见B项是文章的主旨。
2．Most of lost Chinese cultural relics ________.
A．have been recovered by the Chinese government
B．were bought for little money by foreigners
C．are owned by private collectors
D．are housed in foreign museums
答案　C　细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知中国丢失的大部分文物都在私人收藏家的手中。
3．Which of the following statements about the bronze pig's head is NOT true?
A．It was made in the Qing Dynasty.
B．It is now in the Poly Art Museum in Beijing.
C．It was donated by the French government to China.
D．It was removed by the Anglo­French Allied Army over 140 years ago.
答案　C　细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容可知猪首是澳门企业家从美国收藏家手中买回来再捐赠给北京保利艺术博物馆的，而不是法国政府赠送的，所以C项不对。
4．The underlined word “feasible” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “________”．
A．possible B．difficult
C．popular D．careful
答案　A　词义猜测题。根据文章第三段可知收回文物的主要办法是将它们买回来，由此可推断买文物是较为可行的方法。根据although一词可以排除difficult，后面说资金是一大难题，可见购回文物也不可能popular。

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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