世纪商务英语阅读第四版基础篇Unit4市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社CENTURY BUSINESS ENGLISH大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社阅读教程（基础篇阅读教程（基础篇2 2）（第四版）（第四版）世纪商务英语世纪商务英语 主编：王洗薇主编：王洗薇第1页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Unit Four L大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社第2页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Leadership Do you want to be a leader?What elements does a good leader possess?Therere different styles of leadership.Achieving a rare marriage of personal style and corporate culture at Disney,Michael D.Eisnir is a perfect leader forthe Walt Disney Company.Apart from the topic of leadership,youll learn a reading techniqueskimming,which allows you to understand the main idea of an article quickly.第3页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Career DevelopmentReading Skill FocusWords and ExpressionsPractical ReadingComprehensive Reading第4页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusSkimming(1)What is skimming?Skimming is used to quickly identify the main idea of a text.It is a reading technique that can help you to:Read more quickly;Decide if the text is interesting and whether you should read it in more detail.Skimming is done at a speed three to four times faster than normal reading.People often skim when they have lots of material to read in a limited amount of time.第5页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusHow is“skimming”different from“scanning”?The term skimming is often confused with scanning.Remember:Skimming is used to obtain the gist(the overall sense)of a piece of text.For example use skimming to get the gist of a page of a textbook to decide whether it is useful and should therefore be read more slowly and in more detail.第6页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Scanning is used to obtain specific information from a piece of text.For example,use scanning to find a particular number in a telephone directory.Sometimes you can use both reading methods.After you have skimmed a piece of text to decide whether the text is of interest,you may wish to use scanning techniques to locate specific information.第7页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Skimming requires very speedy reading,without paying any attention to details,or the unknown words.As the objective of skimming is to identify quickly the main points in the material,it is often not necessary to understand everything in the material.Sometimes several words or phrases can imply the topic of a piece of text.第8页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusHow do you skim read?As mentioned above,skimming is a reading method used to get the general ideas of reading material without reading all of it.When skimming,you go through the passage quickly in order to get the gist of it,to know how it is organized,or to get an idea of the tone or the intention of the writer without paying any attention to details or the unknown words.第9页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Dont read the whole text word-for-word.Use as many clues as possible to give you some background information.There might be pictures or images related to the topic,or an eye-catching title.Let your eyes skim over the surface of the text whilst thinking about any clues you have found about the subject,look out for key words.第10页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus The following tips are useful while skimming.1.Read the title,subtitles and subheading to find 2.out what the text is about.2.Look at the illustrations to give you further information about the topic.3.Read the first and last sentence of each paragraph.4.Dont read every word or every sentence.Let your eyes skim over the text,taking in key words.This is the first part of Skimming.Youll learn more about this technique in Unit 5.第11页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusAGuided PracticeSample 1 Questions 1-2 are based on the following paragraph.Read the paragraph quickly,and then select the answer which you think is correct.Every second,1 hectare of the worlds rainforest is destroyed.Thats equivalent to two football fields.An area the size of New York City is lost every day.In a year that adds up to 31 million hectaresmore than the land area of Poland.第12页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus This alarming rate of destruction hasserious consequences for the environment;scientists estimate,for example,that 137 species of plant,insect or animal become extinct every day due to logging.In British Columbia,where,since 1990,thirteen rainforest valleys have been clear cut,第13页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus 142 species of salmon have already become extinct,and the habitats of grizzly bears,wolves and many other creatures are threatened.Logging,however,provides jobs,profits,taxes for the government and cheapproducts of all kinds for consumers,so the government is reluctant to restrict or control it.第14页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus1.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Scientists are worried about New York City.B.Logging is destroying the rainforests.C.Governments make money from logging.D.Salmon are an endangered species.2.How many species of salmon have become extinct in BC?A.27 B.31 C.137 D.142()B()D第15页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus 第1 题是主旨大意题，通常能够经过skimming 方法解答。第2 题是查找详细信息，经过scanning便可找到答案。第1 行和第8 行划线文字对于回答第1 题十分主要。这两个部分让我们知道了世界雨林受到毁坏；尽管logging 有这么和那样好处,但logging 却是毁林原因。整个段落main idea是选项B，即Logging is destroying the rainforests。第5行和第6、7行划线部分为第2题提供了答案。很显然选项D是正确第16页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusSample 2 Much of Canadas forestry production goes towards making pulp and paper.Accordingto the Canadian Pulp and Paper Association,Canada supplies 34%of the worlds wood pulp and 49%of its newsprint paper.If these paper products could be produced in some other way,第17页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Canadian forests could be preserved.Recently,a possible alternative way of producing paper has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists:a plant called hemp.第18页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Whats the main idea of the passage?A.Canadian forests are especially under threat.B.Hemp is a kind of plant.C.Canada is a major supplier of paper and pulp.D.Canada produces a lot of hemp.经过快速阅读，我们知道段落第经过快速阅读，我们知道段落第1 句和第句和第3 句是本段句是本段说明两方面问题。从四个选项来看，说明两方面问题。从四个选项来看，B 和和C 都只是本都只是本段部分内容，而段部分内容，而D 项在本段并未提及，只有项在本段并未提及，只有A 能够概能够概括出本段大意括出本段大意第19页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusB.Challenge Yourself Read the following passages quickly，and choose the best answer to the questions that follow.Challenge 1 British and American scientists，drilling into the floor of the South Atlantic,have found the last piece of a great continental jigsaw puzzle,it was announced Thursday.It is the final piece of evidence that South America and Africa were once part of the vast super-continent,Gondwanaland,along with Australia,New Zealand,and Antarctica.第20页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusThe main idea of this paragraph is_.A.The drilling was done by British and B.American scientists.B.The jigsaw puzzle was announced on Thursday.C.Gondwanaland had been a vast super-continent.D.Missing piece of the continental puzzle has been found.()C第21页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusChallenge 2 Most people feel lonely sometimes but it usually lasts only between a few minutes and a few hours.This kind of loneliness is not serious.In fact,it is quite normal.For some people,though,loneliness can last years.第22页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon in an attempt to better understand long-term loneliness.These researchers have already identified three different types of loneliness.第23页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus The first kind of loneliness is temporary.This is the most common type.It usuallydisappears quickly and does not require any special attention.The second kind,situational loneliness,is a natural result of a particular situation,for example,a divorce,the death of a loved one,or moving to a new place.第24页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems,such as headaches and sleeplessness,it usually does not last for more than a year.Situational loneliness is easy to understand and to predict.第25页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus The third kind is the most severe.Unlike the second type,chronic(慢性)loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause.People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others.Unfortunately,many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.第26页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a persons social contacts,i.e.friends,family members,coworkers,etc.We depend on various people for different reasons.However,psychologists have found that the number of social contacts we have is not the only reason for loneliness.第27页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus It is more important how many social contacts we think or expect we should have.In other words,though lonely people may have many social contacts,they sometimes feel they should have more.第28页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Most researchers agree that the loneliest people are between the ages of 18 and 25.They found that more than 50 percent of the college freshmen were situationally lonely at the beginning of the semester,but had adjusted after a few months.Thirteen percent were still lonely after seven months due to shyness and fear.第29页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus They felt very uncomfortable meeting newpeople，even though they understood that their fear was not rational.The situationally lonelyfreshmen overcame their loneliness by making new friends,but the chronically lonely peopleremained unhappy because they were afraid to do so.第30页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons.First of all,they are unhappy and unable to socialize.Secondly,researchers have found a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illnesses such as heart disease.While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal,healthy part of man,chronic loneliness can be a very sad,and sometimes dangerous condition.第31页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusWhat is the main idea of this passage?A.There are three different kinds of loneliness.B.Chronic loneliness is the most severe kind.C.Researchers want to cure loneliness.D.There is some difference between being alone and being lonely.C()第32页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusChallenge 3 Important Differences Between MEMOS and ESSAYS Before you begin to write your first memo,it is important to understand the differences between writing memos and writing essays.A few of the most important distinctions appearin the table below.第33页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive ReadingMEMOESSAYAudienceA particular personAmbiguousFormatIntro,specific points,summary.Goal:provide informationIntro,thesis,evidence,conclusion.Goal:prove a pointIntroductionList-like,straightforwardAbstract summary,broadBody of the writing projectA series of short discussions followed by a summary.A series of paragraphs ofincreasingly finer detailfollowed by a conclusion.TransitionsDirect,straightforward language.Subheadings serve as transitions.Link ideas of previous paragraph with next paragraphs centralpoint.第34页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus As the table makes clear,a memo is very unlike the essays you write for other classes,and it is important that you appreciate the difference in style.A memo exists for a veryspecific purpose:to convey information to a colleague.Keep this in mind as you work andyou wont go wrong.第35页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusThe passage is mainly about_.A.the importance of memo writingB.specific purpose of a memoC.a few important distinctions between memos and essaysD.the importance of understanding the differences between writing memos and writing essays()C第36页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive ReadingText ALeadershipWhat Makes a Good LeaderSuggested Reading Time:7 min 1.It goes without saying that good leadership is crucial to any successful business.But,what makes a good leader and how can someone develop himself or herself into being a good leader if they are not one to begin with?译文译文 毋庸置疑，良好领导力是企业发展成败关键。然而，对于那些毋庸置疑，良好领导力是企业发展成败关键。然而，对于那些最初并不含有良好素质领导者来说，要想成为一名优异领导者最初并不含有良好素质领导者来说，要想成为一名优异领导者应具备哪些特质，以及怎样将自己塑造成为一名优异领导者？应具备哪些特质，以及怎样将自己塑造成为一名优异领导者？第37页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive Reading The answer is that there are many factors that contribute to good leadership.And,whether someone is naturally a good leader or not,anyone can become a good leader.译文译文 出众领导者需要具备一些基本特质。不过，不论你出众领导者需要具备一些基本特质。不过，不论你是否天生拥有这些特质，你都有机会将自己塑造成是否天生拥有这些特质，你都有机会将自己塑造成为一名优异领导者为一名优异领导者 第38页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive ReadingGet Talking 2.One of those factors of good leadership is communication.Communication is one of the most key elements of leadership.Goodcommunication skills need to be learned to effectively become a good leader or manager.译文译文 善于沟通是领导者所需具备特质之一。沟通力是表达领善于沟通是领导者所需具备特质之一。沟通力是表达领导力主要原因之一。要想成为一名出众领导者或经理人，导力主要原因之一。要想成为一名出众领导者或经理人，你需要经过学习有效地培养良好沟通能力你需要经过学习有效地培养良好沟通能力 第39页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive Reading When communication occurs,as a leader,you will be able to accurately convey your ideas and thoughts to those who work for you.In fact,simply being able to convey these things in the first place,much less accurately,puts you in the right direction for leadership.译文译文 假如你是一名领导者，在你与你员工进行通时，你要够准确地假如你是一名领导者，在你与你员工进行通时，你要够准确地表示自己观点和想法。实际上，正因为最初你不能如此准确地表示自己观点和想法。实际上，正因为最初你不能如此准确地表示自己观点和想法，才促使你为了今后能够成为一名优异领表示自己观点和想法，才促使你为了今后能够成为一名优异领导者而朝着这个目标不停地努力导者而朝着这个目标不停地努力 第40页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive Reading If employees have no idea what is on your mind,your leadership is going to falter.Employees are not typically minded readers.译文译文 假如你员工未能充分领悟你意图，这说明你还并不假如你员工未能充分领悟你意图，这说明你还并不具备良好领导力，因为员工是不可能完全猜透你心具备良好领导力，因为员工是不可能完全猜透你心思思 falter 蹒跚，踉跄第41页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive Reading 3.If there is a problem a certain employee is experiencing,good communication can filter the problem out.You,as a leader,can dissect the problem and offer solutions in various ways.译文译文 当某一名员工碰到困难时，作为领导者你能够当某一名员工碰到困难时，作为领导者你能够经过沟通找出问题，对问题进行细致分析，并经过沟通找出问题，对问题进行细致分析，并经过各种路径提出处理方案经过各种路径提出处理方案 第42页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive Reading 4.Ideas that are given to employees work both ways,as well.Employees can give helpful feedback and generate new ideas to you that help the company as well,when good communication is present.译文译文 当领导者给予其员工意见或者提议时，双方都能当领导者给予其员工意见或者提议时，双方都能够从中受益。假如沟通顺畅，员工会针对你意见够从中受益。假如沟通顺畅，员工会针对你意见和提议给出有益反馈；而反馈意见有助与你对企和提议给出有益反馈；而反馈意见有助与你对企业未来发展提出新构想业未来发展提出新构想 第43页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive ReadingGet Things Moving 5.Motivation is another variable that plays into good leadership.Employees tend to stagnate when motivation decreasesand it will decrease,without proper motivation.译文译文 知道怎样有效地激励员工是表达领导力另一个主要知道怎样有效地激励员工是表达领导力另一个主要原因。当领导者降低对其员工激励，并没有采取有原因。当领导者降低对其员工激励，并没有采取有效激励办法时，你员工会逐步丧失工作热情而且变效激励办法时，你员工会逐步丧失工作热情而且变得停滞不前得停滞不前 stagnate(使)停滞不前；(使)不流动第44页大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive Reading Many leaders try to motivate the old-fashioned waythrough fear.(Do what