2021年广东省湛江市雷州第二中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析.docx

2021年广东省湛江市雷州第二中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析
一、 选择题
1. When you finish reading this book, you will have_______ better understanding of_______ life.
A. a; the    B. the ; a
C. /; the    D. a ; /
参考答案：
D
试题分析：考查冠词。本题第一空是固定词组have a better understanding of有更好的理解；第二空的名词Life是一个抽象名词，要单独使用，不需要冠词。句意：当你读完这本书的时候，你会对生活有更深的理解。故D正确。
点评：冠词的考查集中在the表示特指；a/an表示泛指。另外要注意冠词的一些固定搭配中冠词的使用。这题主要是抽象名词具体化的用法，除了honor还有success，failure，surprise，pleasure等名词也可以表示抽象名词具体化。
2.   __   surprised me most was    ___  Mary spoke Chinese just like a native speaker.
   A. That, what            B. Which, that            C. What, that     D. That, that
参考答案：
C
3. Young drivers are far more_______ to have accidents than older drivers.
         A. possible                         B. probable              C. certainly                         D. likely
参考答案：
D
略
4. Here is a survey about hopes and dreams ______ thousands of students took part.
  A. at which B. in which C. with which D. about which
参考答案：
B
5. It is reported that many a new house________at present in the disaster area.
A．are being built　B．were being built  C．was being built　D．is being built
参考答案：
D
6.          difficulties we may come across, we’ll help one anther to overcome them.
A．Whenever                                                                   B．Whatever               
C．However                                                                     D．Wherever
参考答案：
B
7. After Mr Gao stayed in America for two years, he could _____ wait to get home.
A. almost     B. hardly     C. nearly      D. seldom
参考答案：
B
8. —How often do you eat out? 
—_____, but usually once a week.
  A. Just hang on second         B. It depends   
  C. Come off it       D. Generally speaking
参考答案：

9. A completely new situation will ________ when the examination system comes into existence.
A. rise B. raise  C. arise D. arose
参考答案：
C
10. Bears often hide themselves in places ________ can’t be found by
humans.
A. that B. in which C. where D. /
参考答案：
A
11. Li Hua     the exam, but he was too careless.
A. could have passed    B. should pass
C. must have passed    D. can pass
参考答案：
A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：李华本能通过考试，但是他太粗心了。表示与过去的事实相反，应该用情态动词+have done的虚拟，could have done表示“本能……而实际没有”，must have done表示对过去事情最肯定的推测，表示“一定”，故A项正确。
12. I don’t know how he managed to ______ cheating in the exam.   
A. get away with B. get away from C. get out of  D.get behind with
参考答案：
A
13. ---You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you don’t.
--- _________. Confidence is really important.
A. It’s not my cup of tea  B. That’s not the point  C. I don’t think so D. I couldn’t agree more
参考答案：
D
14. Charlie still has difficulty solving the problem______he consulted the professor.
A. even though    B. as though      C. so that       D. as if
参考答案：
A
15. Qian Sanqiang _______ himself to the development of science.
A. buries            B. focuses                   C. devotes                  D. celebrates
参考答案：
C
16. Alice kept quiet about the incident _______lose her job.                   (      )
     A. so not as to                   B. so as not to
     C. so as to not                   D. not so as to
参考答案：

17. —I’d like to book a single room in your hotel.
—OK. They’re US$100 each, but a room with a sea view will cost _____ $10.
A. the other     B. another   C. other    D. others
参考答案：
B
18. Only adults are allowed to have access        the Internet in the Internet cafes in our city.
A. with B. to C. for D. in
参考答案：
B
二、 短文改错
19. 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线， 并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改10处, 多者 ( 从第11处起 ) 不计分。
I am writing because I need to talk you about what happened to my

luggage carrying by your airline. In Friday, June 2, 2006, I traveled on your

airline from Beijing to Paris. During I went to pick up my luggage in Paris , I was

told that it was missed. The lost luggage is a black suitcase, 50 cm in long and 30

cm wide, in that there are five volumes of valuable research papers. If you cannot

find them for me, I am sure that you will agree to pay me $1,000, the valuable of

my luggage on my claim ticket, to compensate (补偿)for my great lost.
参考答案：

20.    文中共有10处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
   增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
   删除：把多余的词用斜钱（\）划掉。
   修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
   注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。
Recently a heated discussion was holding in our English class about face-to-face communication and online communication.
Some students think people can express them more easily in a face-to-face situation. It’s impossible of people to fail understand each other’s messages. And a closer friendship was often developed when people communicate in the person. So others strongly believe communication on the Internet is a faster way. Besides, people usually feel relaxing and express their feelings more freely when they don’t see the other person’s face.
In my opinions, we can choose our own way, that is suitable for us.
参考答案：
Recently a heated discussion was holding in our English class about face-to-face
                               held                
communication and online communication.
Some students think people can express them more easily in a face-to-face situation.
                                     themselves                                 
It’s impossible of people to fail∧ understand each other’s messages. And a closer
           for           to                           
friendship was often developed when people communicate in the person. So others
          is                                      the        But 
strongly believe communication on the Internet is a faster way. Besides, people usually feel

relaxing and express their feelings more freely when they don’t see the other person’s face.

    relaxed
In my opinions, we can choose our own way, that is suitable for us.
       opinion                       which
三、 阅读理解
21. Conventional wisdom says that hardship can make us before our time. In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on children's bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that equal to seven to ten years of premature aging (提前衰老).
“Scientists measured this by studying the ends of children' s chromosomes(染色体), called telomeres.” says Idan Shalev, lead author of a study published in Molecular Psychiatry.
Telomeres are special DNA sequences (序列)which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating. They get shorter each time a cell divides, until a cell cannot divide any more and dies.
Several factors have been found to shorten telomeres including smoking, radiation (辐射) and psychological stress(心理压力), such as being treated badly when young, and taking care of someone who is permanently ill.
In the study, researchers examined whether exposure to(暴露于) violence could make children' s telomeres shorten faster than normal. They interviewed the mothers of 236 children at the ages of 5, 7 and 10, asking whether the children had been exposed to violence between the mother and her partner, having been treated badly in a physical way by an adult, or bullying. Researchers measured the children's telomeres— in cells from their cheeks—at the ages of 5 and 10.
Telomeres shortened more quickly in children exposed to two or more types of violence, says Shalev. Unless such a pattern changes, the study suggests these children could be expected to develop diseases related to aging, such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to ten years earlier than children of the same age.
Shalev says there is hope for these children. His study found that in some cases, telomeres can lengthen."Better exercise and stress reduction are three things that may be able to lengthen telomeres,” he says
60. The new study found that ________.
A. hardship has a long-term effect on a child's mind    B. violence leaves scars on a child's mind
C. violence can speed up a child's aging    D. hardship can change a child's DNA
61. According to the passage, telomeres ________.
A. are at the ends of people's chromosomes    B. can help prevent DNA from separating
C. can make a cell die quickly    D. become shorter before they die
62. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Violence can cause quick cell division in children’s body.
B. Children at the ages of 5 to 10 are more likely to be exposed to violence.
C. Being treated badly will make a child's telomeres shorten faster.
D. Children who have shorter telomeres may have a heart attack earlier.
63. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Violence Aging Children’s DNA.
B. Children’s Changing DNA Patterns
C. Violence and Telomeres
D. The Function of Telomeres
参考答案：
60. C    61. B    62. D    63. A
本文是一篇科普类短文，儿童在童年时期经历的暴力队他们有很大的影响，会让儿童DNA的端粒变短，进而让他们的寿命变短。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on children's bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that equal to seven to ten years of premature aging (提前衰老).可知暴力会给孩子的身体留下伤疤，还会导致7到10年内的提前衰老。故C项正确。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Telomeres are special DNA sequences (序列)which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating.可知Telomere可以预防染色体中的DNA分开。故B正确。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段第二句Unless such a pattern changes, the study suggests these children could be expected to develop diseases related to aging, such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to ten years earlier than children of the same age.可知研究发现端粒较短的孩子患衰老方面的疾病可能性更大。故D项正确。
【63题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on children's bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that equal to seven to ten years of premature aging可知暴力会给孩子带来很大的影响，会影响孩子的DNA，会导致他们7到10岁的早衰。故A项为文章主题。
22. We don’t know how different our future will be in the future. We can only try to imagine it.
At first we think about human relationship. In the year 2050, we will use computers almost every day. We will be making new friends through the Internet----even our husbands or wives will be met in this way. It will be much faster and easier for us. On the other hand, our relationships with people won’t be as important as they are today----we will feel a little lonely.
Computers will also help us in many other activities in 2050. For example, they will be used by the children at school to make their learning easier. In addition, there will be much more other machines which will play a similar role as computers, like robots which will do the housework for us.
Spending holidays will also be completely different. Traveling to other planets or to the moon will be available for everyone. Means of transport will, of course, change, too. We will be using solar-powered cars, which will be much more environmentally friendly.
We could expect that the faster technological progress would lead to a more pollution environment. But it isn't true. We will pay more attention to protecting the environment. And, scientists will probably find cures for many dangerous diseases, like cancer or AIDS. Therefore, our surroundings as well as our health will be in a better condition.
Although we can’t predict the exact changes which will be made in the world, we often think about them. We worry about our and our children’s future; we have expectations, hopes as well as fears. But I think we should be rather sanguine about our future. We should be happy and believe good things will happen.
46. Why will people probably feel a little lonely in 2050?
A. Because the number of people will become much smaller.
B. Because there will be less face-to-face communication.
C. Because people won’t like making friends with each other.
D. Because people won’t communicate with each other much often.
47. The third paragraph mainly tells us ____.
A. that computers will do all the things for human beings.
B. how people will use computers to communicate with each other.
C. that machines like computers and robots will help people a lot
D. how people will use robots to do the housework
48. According to the passage, which of the following will happen in 2050?
A. The relationship between people will be more important than today.
B. The way of spending holidays will be the same as that of today.
C. It won’t be difficult for people to travel to other planets.
D. Our environment will be much more polluted with a growning number of cars.
49. The underlined word “sanguine” in the last paragraph most probably means ______.
A. disappointed   B. surprised    C. curious    D. optimistic
50. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. How people will communicate in the year 2050
B. What our life will be like in the year 2050
C. How people will travel and spend their holiday in the year 2050
D. What high technology will appear in the year 2050
参考答案：
BCCDB