2021年广东省肇庆市四会下布中学高一英语上学期期末试卷含解析.docx

2021年广东省肇庆市四会下布中学高一英语上学期期末试卷含解析
一、 选择题
1. Everything has _____ advantages and disadvantages _____ can’t be avoided.
A.  so …  that    B. such….as     C. such… that      D. so…. /
参考答案：
B
2.  Having been missing for two days, the dog returned home, ________.
      A. hungry but sound          B. hungrily but soundly
C. hungry but soundly         D. hungrily but sound
参考答案：
A
3.  My opinion about the modern education is not similar to ____ of the other teachers’.
A. it  B. that   C. one    D. those
参考答案：
B
4. Though we are in the same class, we _____ talk and know little about each other.
A. actually                                B. gradually                   C. exactly                         D. frequently
参考答案：
A
5. —Harry, can you lend me the book ____________the other day?
—OK. I’d be glad to do that for you.
  A. that you talked                            B. which you talked 
  C. about which you talked                     D. about that you talked
参考答案：
C
6. When he saw we were upset, he began to ____ us for hours with his stories and jokes.
  A. encourage           B. educate                   C. entertain                  D. astonish
参考答案：
C
略
7. It was in New Zealand         Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.
A. that                      B. how           C. where                     D. when
参考答案：
A
8. We can’t go on with the class because the computer ___________.
A. hasn’t been repaired         B. hasn’t repaired
C. is not repaired              D. haven’t been repaired
参考答案：
A
9. —Shall we have a smoke here?
—No, we _____ because this is gas station and the worker is carrying some petrol.
A can’t       B needn’t     C mustn’t     D won’t
参考答案：
C
句意： --我们可以在这儿抽烟吗？--不，我们禁止在这里抽烟，因为这是加油站，这个工人在运汽油。这里用mustn’t表示“禁止”，can’t“不能”，needn’t“不必”，won’t“不愿意”，所以选C。
【考点】情态动词
【举一反三】Why ________ it rain on Sundays? We can’t go camping as planned. What a pity！
A. should     B. can     C. must       D. may
C句意：为什么周日偏偏要下雨呢？我们不能象计划的那样去露营了。must有时可以一种不受欢迎的巧合，指某事发生得不早不迟，就在某个当紧的时候，通常含有不快、不满、心烦、恼火等感情色彩，译成汉语通常用“偏偏”来表示。Should“应该”，can“能够”，may“可以”，所以选C。
10. Police in America have _______ their search for a 15-year-old boy who went missing three days ago.
A. stepped up       B. broken up       C. ruled out        D. found out
参考答案：
A
11. _________ he took plane, he was frightened to cry.
A. First time         B. At the first time      C. For the first time      D. The first time
参考答案：
D
12. An awful traffic accident_______, however, happen the other day.
A. does                        B. did                   C. has to                D. had to
参考答案：
B
13. The company was named Gates Hall ______ a man named James Gates.
    A. in need of     B. in search of     C. with the help of     D. in memory of
参考答案：
D
14. Today is the best day of my life! Al my years of training as an engineer has finally      .
A. took over    B. picked up
C. paid off    D. paid for
参考答案：
C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. took over接管；B. picked up捡起；C. paid off见成效；D. paid for为……付出代价。句意：今天是我人生中最美好的一天，我多年的工程师培训终于有了成效。根据句意可知此处表示“见成效”，故C项正确。
15. Students should play more on the playground to ___ up their bodies.
   A. hold          B. set            C. keep       D. build
参考答案：
D
略
16. The country life he was used to _________ greatly since 1992.
A. change         B. has changed      C. changing       D. have changed
参考答案：
B
17. — Should I follow in my father’s footsteps and study medicine?
   — __________________.
   A. It doesn’t matter.  B. Don’t mention it. C. That’s all right. D. It’s up to you.
参考答案：
D
18. They      their minds to finish the work on time.
A made up                           B took up                             C set up                                D put up
参考答案：
A
二、 短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改： 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起) 不计分。
As is known to all , China is the home to tea, from that tea has been spread all over the world . With a history of four or five thousand year, tea culture has been a important part of Chinese culture . Whenever guests visit , it is a custom to make and serve tea with them.
Drinking tea had a lot of advantages , one of that helps refresh yourself and improve your thinking ability . Besides , drinking tea every day is said to help you keep health and live longer .What’s more , some kinds of tea can even help people lose weight and became more beautiful , appeals to a lot of ladies.
参考答案：
As is known to all , China is the home to tea, from that tea has been spread all over the world .
                              去掉      where
With a history of four or five thousand year, tea culture has been a important part of Chinese
                                years                an
culture . Whenever guests visit , it is a custom to make and serve tea with them.33
                                                  to
Drinking tea had a lot of advantages , one of that helps refresh yourself and improve your
                Has
thinking ability . Besides , drinking tea every day is said to help you keep health and live
                                                            healthy
longer .What’s more , some kinds of tea can even help people lose weight and became more
                                                              become 
beautiful , ∧appeals to a lot of ladies.
which
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。中国茶文化有四五千年的历史，是中国文化的重要组成部分。以及喝茶的好处。
【详解】1.考查固定用法。短语be home to “为……的所在地；是……的家乡”中间不需要添加冠词，故去掉the。
2.考查连接词。句意：众所周知，中国是茶的故乡，茶从中国传到世界各地。本句为定语从句修饰先行词China且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故that改为where。
3.考查名词的数。year为可数名词，由five thousand修饰应用复数形式，故year改为years。
4.考查冠词。important为元音音素开头的单词，因此应使用不定冠词an，故a改为an。
5.考查介词。短语serve sth. to sb.“为某人奉上某物；用某物招待某人”，故with改为to。
6.考查动词时态。句意：喝茶有许多好处。本句为描述客观事实应用一般现在时，故had改为has。
7.考查定语从句连接词。本句为定语从句修饰先行词Drinking tea，指物，且做介词of的宾语，故that改为which。
8.考查形容词。keep为系动词后跟形容词作表语，故health改为healthy。
9.考查动词时态。根据上文并列谓语lose weight and可知此处应用动词原形，故became改为become。
10.考查非限定性定语从句。句意：有些茶甚至可以帮助人们减肥，变得更漂亮，这吸引了很多女士。本句为非限定定语从句修饰上文整个句子，故appeals前加which。
20. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言 错误，每句中最多有两处．错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼）划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
Dear Sir,
I have learned that some volunteers are wanting in our School English Association. So I am eagerly to be one of them to introduce Chinese culture for students from other countries. Meanwhile, it is a good chance for me to learn the school life at my age in western countries.
As an excellent student, among the top 5 in my class, I am good at the English, especially speaking English, which makes easy for me to communicate with students from foreign countries. What’s more, last year my family receive an exchange student as a host family, which gave me a chance to get some relevant experiences. So I’m sure as I’m equal to the job.
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案：
Dear Sir,
I have learned that some volunteers are wanting in our School English
                                           wanted
Association. So I am eagerly to be one of them to introduce Chinese culture for
                    eager                                              to 
students from other countries. Meanwhile, it is a good chance for me to learn the school life at my age in western countries.
        of
As an excellent student, among the top 5 in my class, I am good at the English,
                                                                   去掉
especially speaking English, which makes∧ easy for me to communicate with
           spoken                      it
students from foreign countries. What’s more, last year my family receive an
                                                                  received
exchange student as a host family, which gave me a chance to get some relevant experiences. So I’m sure as I’m equal to the job.
experience            that
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
本文是一篇电子邮件。作者了解到学校英语协会需要一些志愿者，渴望成为他们中的一员，把中国文化介绍给来自其他国家的学生。在文中作者做了自我介绍及对志愿者的渴望。
【详解】1.考查被动语态。句意：我了解到我们学校英语协会需要一些志愿者。结合句意可知此处是一般现在时态的被动语态，而不是现在进行时态，故把wanting----- wanted  
2.考查固定结构。句意：所以我渴望成为他们中的一员，把中国文化介绍给来自其他国家的学生。be eager to do sth.“渴望做---”，故把eagerly-----eager
3.考查固定搭配。句意：所以我渴望成为他们中的一员，把中国文化介绍给来自其他国家的学生。introduce sb. to sb.“把---介绍给---”，故把for------to。
4.考查介词。句意：同时，这也是我学习西方国家同龄人学校生活的一个好机会。此处表示“---的”，故把at----of。
5.考查专用名词。句意：作为一名优秀的学生，我在班上排名前五，我擅长英语，尤其是口语，这让我很容易与外国学生交流。此处English“英语”是专用名词，故去掉the。
6.考查固定用法。句意：作为一名优秀的学生，我在班上排名前五，我擅长英语，尤其是口语，这让我很容易与外国学生交流。spoken English“口语”，故把speaking-----spoken。
7.考查it的用法。句意：作为一名优秀的学生，我在班上排名前五，我擅长英语，尤其是口语，这让我很容易与外国学生交流。此处是“make+it+形容词+动词不定式”结构，故在make后面加it。
8.考查时态。根据last year可知句子用一般过去时态，故把receive------ received。
9.考查不可数名词。句意：这给了我一个获得相关经验的机会。此处experience“经验”，故把experiences-----experience。
10.考查宾语从句。句意：所以我确信我能胜任这项工作。此处是that引导的宾语从句，故把as--- that。
三、 阅读理解
21. Imagine the tallest building in the United States. Fill that large building 44 times with rotten (腐烂的)fruits and vegetables．Now you know how much food Americans waste every year．
It is hard to believe, right? About 133 .billion pounds of food get .thrown away. That's one, third of all the food we produce. And a lot of it is thrown away for one simple reason: It's ugly.
The problem is that nature isn't perfect. Apples can get scarred(留下疤痕)by storms. Cucumbers grow in C shapes. Carrots change into unusual fork-like forms. Watermelons get too big to fit on a refrigerator shelf. These crazy-looking fruits and vegetables may .taste great. But most grocery stores refuse to sell them. Store owners say people judge food by how it looks. No one wants a tomato that looks like a two-headed monster. (怪物). But what if you could buy that tomato for half-price?
A new movement is trying to make people see the "beauty" in ugly food. Some stores are selling ugly produce. It tastes the same. And you pay less for it because the. food doesn't, look perfect.
Usually, the stores find a nicer word than "ugly'; A Canadian chain uses "naturally imperfect". In some US stores, it's "misfit produce". Whatever you call it, ugly food helps many .people. Farmers get paid for food they were going to have to throw away. Shoppers get cheaper fruits and vegetables. The ugly-food movement will also help some of the 44 million Americans who don't have enough to eat. Many groups give the ugly produce to hungry people.
So really, who cares if that carrot looks a little ... ugly?
1. We can know from the text that ________.
A. food is thrown mostly because it goes bad
B. food waste is a serious problem in America
C. the uglier the food is, the better it tastes
D. America produces more food than Americans can eat
2. What is the "beauty" in ugly food?
A. It tastes the same but costs much less.
B. It does much good to people.
C. It is useful to hungry people.
D. It tastes just as good as normal-looking produce.
3. The ugly-food movement is intended to ________.
A. call on people to help the poor
B. persuade grocery stores to sell ugly produce
C. prove the value 0fugty produce
D. advise people not to waste food
参考答案：
1. B    2. A    3. C
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在美国食物浪费问题很严重，由于食物看起来很丑陋而被丢掉，但是事实上它们吃起来和一般的食物是一样的。一项“ugly-food”运动旨在使这些食物发挥价值，将食物送给那些饥饿的人吃。同时呼吁人们减少食物浪费。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Imagine the tallest building in the United States. Fill that large building 44 times with rotten (腐烂的)fruits and vegetables．Now you know how much food Americans waste every year．”想象一下美国最高的建筑。腐烂的水果和蔬菜可填补44倍这一大型建筑，现在你知道多少美国人每年浪费食物。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据“Some stores are selling ugly produce. It tastes the same. And you pay less for it because the food doesn't look perfect.”一些商店出售的是丑陋的农产品。味道是一样的。你只需要付更少的钱，因为食物看起来不完美。故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据“The ugly-food movement will also help some of the 44 million Americans who don't have enough to eat. Many groups give the ugly produce to hungry people.” 运动也将帮助4400万美国人中的一部分人，他们没有足够的食物。许多团体把这些丑陋的产品送给饥饿的人。可知这项运动使这些丑陋食物更有价值。故选C。
【名师点睛】
细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的送分题。但由于高考所占的比例很大，应特别引起注意。
事实和细节题的命题特点是：把某词语、某个句子或某具体事实用不同于原文的另一方式或句型表达，即同义改写。解答这类题的窍门是：1、注意掌握英语的多种表达法；2、熟练运用英语的同义词转换；3、读懂题干所提出的问题，并准确地找到文中涉及该问题的句子。
例如：第2题“ What is the "beauty" in ugly food?”找出原文中的句子，在第四段“A new movement is trying to make people see the "beauty" in ugly food.”并从该句后面部分的内容“ It tastes the same. And you pay less for it ”由此可得到该题的答案。
22. Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous (宽宏大量的)；be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends always count on one another to speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, or enjoy, like our hobbies and your interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them you help your friend know you better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve . Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly alike (相同). But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practice honesty，generosity and understanding.
6. Some friendships don’t last very long because        .
 A. there are too many people who want to make friends.
B. they don’t know friendship is something serious
C. those who give others friendships receive friendships from others
D. those who never give others friendships receive no friendship from others
7. According to the passage, honesty is          .
A. as important as money              B. more important than anything else 
C. something countable               D. the base of a friendship 
8. Which of the following is NOT true in the passage?
A. A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.
B. Always tell your friend the truth.
C. Discussing your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem.
D. Sharing your mind with your friend is of great value.
9. According to the author, how do you help your friend know you better?
A. As