2021年河南省焦作市温县第一高中分校高三英语下学期期末试题含解析.docx

2021年河南省焦作市温县第一高中分校高三英语下学期期末试题含解析
一、 选择题
1. ______ with the effect of the color1 change, the woman smiled with satisfaction.
  A. Pleased B. To please C. To be pleased D. Having pleased   
参考答案：
A
2. — Do you doubt _______ she can run the race?
— Yes, I doubt _______ she can run against Liu Xiang
A. that; whether             B. whether; that
C. that; that                D. whether; if
参考答案：
A
3. Mike had       feeling of excitement when he heard he had passed       driving test.
A．the; a           B．the; an     C．/; the         D．a; the
参考答案：
D
考查冠词用法。句意：当迈克听到自己已经通过了驾照考试时，他很兴奋。a feeling of excitement一种兴奋的感觉，为固定短语；后一空格应用the表特指。
4. The firemen _______ some nearby houses to stop the fire spreading．
A．cut down           B. turned down       C．put down          D． pulled down  
参考答案：
D

5. “Chinese Dama”, _________married woman between the age 40-60, ______Wall Street tycoons(大亨) in gold buying in 2013.
A. making mainly up; beating B. made mainly up; beat
C. consisting mainly of; beat D. consisting mainly of; beating
参考答案：
C
【考点】考查非谓语动词。
句意：中国大妈，由40到60的已婚妇女组成，在2013年买金子竟然击败了华尔街。Be made up of = consist of 由……组成，排除A,B,而第二空缺的是谓语动词，用的是动词过去式，故选C项。
6. We had hoped that you would be able to visit us, but you     .
A. didn’t B. hadn’t C. wouldn’t D. would not have
参考答案：
A
7. 26．The money collected should be made good use ________ the people who suffered a lot in the earthquake.
A．of helping             B．to help      C．to helping                D．of to help
参考答案：

略
8. Everyone was on time for the meeting _____ Chris, who's usually ten minutes late for     everything.
A. but               B. only              C. even           D. yet
参考答案：
C
9. Years of efforts        when they saw the pictures of the moon sent back to the earth by Chang’e-1.
A. paid off        B. took off        C. showed off      D. went off
参考答案：
A
10. Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars ______ as a carpenter before.                                    
A. to work            B. to be working         
C. to have worked      D. to have been working
参考答案：
C
考查非谓语动词。句意为“哈里森?福特被认为是为数不多的曾经做过木匠的电影明星之一。” “做过木匠”这事发生在过去，不定式应当用完成式，表示发生过，排除A、B项。因为现在是明星，排除D项，选C。
35. --- You won’t believe it, Sam. I was chosen as an exchange student to China.
   --- Congratulations! _________________.
       A. That’s really something                                              B. You did a good job
       C. That’s all right                                                          D. Just your luck
参考答案：
A
略
12. Tourists are required to _________ local customs and mind their manners when travelling abroad.
A. spot B. confirm
C. observe D. spread
参考答案：
C
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：游客被要求在国外旅行的时候遵守当地的习俗，并且注意自己的行为举止。A. spot认出；B. confirm确认；确定；C. observe观察；遵守；D. spread传播；散步。根据句意故选C。

13. — Five sharp in the morning?
— No, don’t ring me up that early in the morning. I ______.
A．sleep          B．am sleeping          C．will sleep        D．will be sleeping
参考答案：
D
14. It is said that books on ______ popular science are in ______ short supply.
A. the; a   B. /; /   C. /; the   D. the; the
参考答案：
B
【知识点】冠词
学科前不加冠词，be in short是固定搭配，表示“短缺”。
15. At the meeting, the professor _____ some good advice about bringing down the market price of housing．
A. came about                  B. came up      C. came up with                 D. came out
参考答案：
C
16. Without honest analysis they are not ______to improve the present situation.
A. likely          B. possible          C. probable          D. maybe
参考答案：
a
略
17. It is thought police had been called to the scene following a report of a collision involving her vehicle and ________ of another motorist.
A. one B. those C. some D. that
参考答案：
D
试题分析：考查代词。句意：句意：两辆机动车相撞了，据说接到报警后，警察赶到了现场。one指代可数名词，泛指同类中的一个，one有前置定语；that指代比较的对象，指代前面提到的单数可数名词，有后置定语，that 还可指代不可数名词；that的复数是those。这里指代另一辆机动车，因为定语在后面，故用that，而不用one指代第二辆机动车，故选D。
18. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ____.
A. is being rebuilt     B. has been rebuilt      C. is rebuilt      D. has rebuilt
参考答案：
A
略
二、 短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ ∧ ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
My soccer coach retired in last week. I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party. My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decide to ask her for help. Mum taught me some basic step of baking．I insisted on doing most of the baking myself. I thought the biscuits were really well. My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.
At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked, “I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!
参考答案：

文章介绍作者的教练退休了，在退休聚会上作者送给教练自己亲手烘焙的饼干。教练非常高兴。
考查介词。句意：我的足球教练上个星期退休了。在last week，next week，this week之前不需要任何介词。last week前面不加介词，去掉in。
考查不定代词。句意：我想在他退休聚会上为他做些特别的事情。“一些事情”，肯定句中用something。故将anything改为something。
考查形容词最高级。句意：我妈妈做的是世界上最好的饼干。用最高级，better改成best。
考查动词时态。句意：所以我决定向她求助。这篇文章使用一般过去时，故将decide改成decided。
考查名词复数。句意：妈妈教我一些基本的烘焙的步骤。step 是可数名词，用复数steps。
考查形容词辨析。句意：我认为这些饼干很好。be动词后接形容词good, well作形容词时，意为“健康的”。做表语用形容词，well改成good。
考查连词。句意：我唯一的错误是在我将它们打包的时候将它们掉在地上。本处意为“当??时候”。故将after改成when/while。
考查冠词。。句意：这里是特指第一段提到的退休聚会。特指“那次晚会”，应用定冠词the。
考查动词不定式。句意：我可能明年要再退休一次，只是想得到更多这样的饼干。用不定式做目的状语。just后加to。
非谓语动词。句意：我最喜欢的照片是我和我的教练在聚会上开心地享受饼干。根据介词of，应用动名词enjoying，my coach and me是enjoying的逻辑主语。of后面接动名词，故将 enjoy改为enjoying。
【名师点睛】
1.    谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点常见动词错误类型有
①一般现在时与一般过去时错用；② and 前后动词时态不一致; ③主谓不一致;                       ④缺少动词,特别是be动词;  ⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。例如“so I decide to ask her for help.”谓语动词decide时态发生错误，应使用一般过去时。
2. 名词的常见错误  单复数名词错用；注意区分名词是可数还是不可数；或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。例如“Mum taught me some basic step of baking．”名词step应使用复数形式。
3. 连词错误  连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等  （一般考查从句关系 who/ whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether ）
① I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式，改为whose) 
② I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为 and)
③ Clever as she is, but she works very hard.（as意为“尽管”，不能再跟but连用，所以去掉but）
4. 冠词错误  误用a和an（根据单词的第一个音素来判定）；误用a 和the（固定搭配，或泛指、特指；多余的冠词或少冠词）
① We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the， the same 是固定搭配)
② As everyone knows, it’s ∧famous mountain with all kinds of pants. （mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以加 a ） 
③ I hope you have∧ pleasant journey.（journey是可数名词需用冠词）
5. 形容词和副词错误 
1) 系动词后用形容词（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词 smell /feel）
2) 词性的误用：形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词、形容词。
① I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.  （time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰）
② My pronunciation was terribly.（was后用形容词，terribly改为terrible.）
6. 代词错误
  1）代词的主格和宾格（I / me; He/him; She/ her; We/ us They/ them ）
2）反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）
3）代词的单数和复数  
4）多余的代词和少代词
① Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (express oneself,  me 改为 myself )
② One day I wrote a little story and showed ∧to my teacher. (加it)
③ If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out.(other后加s)
④ What’s more , you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of
him.(him改为them)
7. 非谓语动词的常见错误
1）不定式，动名词作主语，宾语。 
2）and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时）
3）介词后用动名词v-ing形式作宾语。
4）某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。
  ①Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was…. (enjoy 后需接动名词 talk--talking)
②But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(作主语改为 going )
  ③ Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves.(介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语)
④ I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and
saw the changing color1 s of the leaves on the trees.(and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时），saw改为seeing)
8. 介词错误
1）词组中的介词误用
2）介词意思理解偏差
3）介词的多用或少用
①There are too many people among my family. （among 改为in  in my family 为固定搭配）
② I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. （去掉 at, the moment 引导从句）
20. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。  
删除:把多余的词用斜线（\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My dream was to become a school teacher in the future. In fact, I have had the dream since my childhood. In my opinion, with teachers, no society could make progresses. There is no doubt whether teachers play an important role in children’ s growth. Not only teachers pass on knowledge to children, but we also teach children how to behave themselves. Comparing with other jobs, teaching is hard and the pay is lower. And to me, what a great fun it is to be with children! They make me feel young forever so I'll study hard and try my best to realize my dream.
参考答案：
My dream was to become a school teacher in the future. In fact, I have had the dream since my
             is                                                               
childhood. In my opinion, with teachers, no society could make progresses. There is no doubt
                     without                          progress                                 
whether teachers play an important role in children’ s growth. Not only ∧  teachers pass on
that                                                     do       
knowledge to children, but we also teach children how to behave themselves. Comparing with
they                                      Compared       
other jobs, teaching is hard and the pay is lower. And to me, what a great fun it is to be with
harder或lower改成low   But或Yet    a
children! They make me feel young forever so I'll study hard and try my best to realize my dream.
本文讲的是作者想要成为一名老师。因为作者认为没有老师社会就不会有进步。尽管跟其它工作比起来，当教师既辛苦又没钱，但作者最大的兴趣就是要和孩子们呆在一起。所以为了自己的梦想，作者现在就开始努力。
小题 1. 考查动词时态的用法。通篇是讲述事实，用一般现在时，故was改为is。               
小题 2. 考查介词的用法。没有社会能进步，假如没有老师，表示否定，故with 改为without。                   
小题 3. 考查名词的单复数。progress是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故progresses改为progress 。  
小题 4. 考查同位语从句中的引导词。doubt的句子中，如果主句是否定，后用whether引导从句，如果主句是肯定，则用that。故whether改为that 。            
小题 5. 考查动词时态的用法。not only位于句首用部分倒装，通篇现在时用助动词与主语倒装，故 Not only加上do 。                   
小题 6. 考查代词时态的用法。根据前面的teachers得知这里指代他们，故we 改为they 。     
小题 7. 考查分词做状语。如果动词与句子主语是主动关系，用现在分词做状语；如果是被动关系，则用过去分词。这里compare与teaching是被动关系，要用过去分词做状语。故Comparing 改为Compared 。    
小题 8. 考查形容词比较级。这里是做比较，要用比较级。故hard改为harder或lower改成low。     
小题 9. 考查连词辨析。与前句Comparing with other jobs, teaching is hard and the pay is lower. And to me, what great fun it is to be with children与其它工作相比，当老师很辛苦又没钱，但对于我，我喜欢跟孩子们在一起。是转折关系，故And改为But或Yet。
小题 10. 考查冠词的用法。fun是不可数名词，前面不能用冠词，故a去掉。
【名师点睛】
本题难点解读：
1：从句位于抽象名词后，且从句中不缺少成分和翻译，用that引导，缺少作主语、宾语、表语的引导词时，根据上下文考虑使用what。

Comparing with other jobs, teaching is hard and the pay is lower.考查非谓语动词。如果动词与句子主语是主动关系，用现在分词做状语；如果是被动关系，则用过去分词。这里compare与teaching是被动关系，要用过去分词做状语。故Comparing 改为Compared 。
三、 阅读理解
21. 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
I have a rule for travel: Never carry a map. I prefer to ask for directions. Foreign visitors are often puzzled in Japan because most streets there don’t have names. In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”
In the countryside of the American Midwest, usually there are not many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat（平坦的）. In many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distance. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.”
People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map: They measure distance by means of time, not miles. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “It’s about five minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” They don’t know.
         People in Greece sometimes do not even try to give directions because visitors seldom understand the Greek language. Instead of giving you the direction, a Greek will often say, “Follow me.” Then he’ll lead you through the streets of the city to the post office.
         Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question. What happens in this situation? A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers, “I don’t know.” People in Yucatan think that “I don’t know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A visitor can get very, very lost in Yucatan!
One thing will help you everywhere — in Japan, in the United States, in Greece, in Mexico, or in any other place. You might not understand a person’s words, but maybe you can understand his body language. He or she will usually turn and then point in the correct direction. Go in that direction, and you may find the post office!
66.The passage mainly tells us that __________.
   A. never carry a map for travel
   B. there are not many landmarks in the American Midwest
   C. there are different ways to give directions in different parts of the world
   D. New Yorkers often say, “I have no idea,” but people in Yucatan, Mexico, never say this.
67.The passage says, “In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions.” The word “landmarks” means __________.
   A. building names                              B. street names
   C. hotels, markets and bus stops        D. buildings or places which are easily recognized
68.In which place do people tell distance by means of time?
   A. Japan 　   B. American Midwest   C. Los Angeles, California   D. Greece
69. In the passage, __________ countries are mentioned by the writer.
   A. seven　　    B. four                C. eight　      D. five
70. Which of the following is WRONG?
   A. Travelers can learn about people’s customs by asking questions about directions.
   B. A person’s body language can help you understand directions.
   C. People in some places give directions in miles, but people in other places give directions by means of time.
   D. People in different places always give directions in the same way: They use street names.
参考答案：
CDCBD
22. Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
WASHINGTON — The U.S. government remains shut down in a partial closure   48  has put hundreds of thousands of Americans out of work, at least temporarily. Lawmakers have yet to reach common ground, and that means many federal workers stay home   49  nation