2022年河北省邯郸市成安第一中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析.docx

2022年河北省邯郸市成安第一中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析
一、 选择题
1. The lawyer was so kind that he devoted all his spare time he had _________ the disabled.
A. to helping    B. helped
C. helping    D. to help
参考答案：
A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位律师是如此的善良，把自己所有的空闲时间用于帮助残疾人。分析句子可知，本句为devote sth to doing sth致力于做某事，he had为定语从句修饰spare time，故选A。
2. It matters not ______ you try to carry out, but once you try to carry out a thing, you must never give it up until you have done it thoroughly and well.
A. however B. that C. what D. whichever
参考答案：
C
3.  ____ the risk of a shark attack, you should follow these suggestions.
  A. Reduced                              B. To reduce
C. To reducing                         D. Reduce
参考答案：
B
4. — How do you learn English so well?
   — ______ it every day.
   A. In speaking   B. By speaking   C. With speaking D. On speaking
参考答案：
B
5. When she came several days later, she found that all things still ____where she had _____them.
A. lay; laid     B. laid; laid    C. lay; lain   D. lying; lain
参考答案：
A
6. One-third of the country _____ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _____ black people.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is
参考答案：
A
句意：这个国家三分之一的面积被树覆盖着，大多数居民是黑人。第一空填is，因为主语是分数修饰的时候，谓语由分数后面的名词决定，也就是country，所以用单数谓语，第二空填are，the majority of修饰主语，谓语也是由主语定，所以是和 the citizens一致，用are。答案是A。
【考点】主谓一致
【举一反三】主谓一致的考点较多，要在理解的基础上加以记忆，多练习加以巩固。这里的单复数同形的单词一定要看修饰词来判断。分数，The rest，half，most等词修饰名词的谓语和名词一致。
Mother said that Mike could eat two of ten oranges and that the rest _______ left for Tom and Betty.
A. were    B. was C. be    D. being
A考查主谓一致：the rest作主语时，要看它所替代名词的数，当所替代的名词是单数或不可数名词时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；而此处指十个橘子中除两个以外所剩余的部分，为复数，于是选A
7. — Let’s go swimming, shall we?
   — __________.
   A. It’s my pleasure B. It doesn’t matter
   C. Yes, let’s go D. I agree with you
参考答案：
C
8. Some amazing people _______ our world for the better in the past 100 years.
A. change          B. are changing       C. have changed        D. had changed
参考答案：
C
9. -_____ is no possibility       Tom will pass the exam this time. He has made no efforts.
       A. It; that       B. There; that        C. There; whether  D. It; whether
参考答案：
B
略
10. With trees and grass___39.6% of the urban area, the city of Nanyang has taken on a new look. A.covered   B.covering    C. to be covered    D. being covered
参考答案：
B
11. — This doesn’t ______ me. Do you have a larger one?
         — Sorry, but the color1 is different. Does it ______ you?
A. fit; fit                B. suit; fit                     C. fit; suit              D. suit; suit
参考答案：
C
略
12. In that terrible earthquake, _____ who were killed was more than 20,000.
A. a number of people             B. the number of people
C. many people                   D. a large number people
参考答案：
B
13. When they got to the South Pole, they found the Norwegians had ____ them in the race to be the first ever to reach it.
A. hit           B. fought        C. won          D. defeated
参考答案：
D
14. _____ you get the chance to prove your abilities, why not make full use of it?.
A. Even if     B. Now that   C. As soon as  D. As long as
参考答案：
B
15. -- Isn’t it hard to drive downtown to work?
-- Yes, that’s why I _____ to work by train.
   A. have been going  B. have gone         C. was going         D. will have gone
参考答案：
D
16. Smoking allows cocaine ________ the brain very quickly.
A．reach  B．to reach
C．reaching  D．reached
参考答案：
B
allow后接复合宾语加带to的不定式。
17. John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _____has made him what he is today.
  A. why            B. that             C. when           D. which
参考答案：
B
【名师点睛】
一、强调句句型：
1、用It is／was...that／who...句型表示强调。
（1）陈述句的强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+其它部分。 e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
（2）一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。 e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
（3）特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？ e.g. When and where was it that you were born?
注：被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。如：原句：He met an old friend in the park yesterday.  强调主语：It was he who/that met an old friend in the park yesterday.
2、用助动词do, does或did来强调谓语动词。
如：Do come early. He did send you a letter last week.
3、用主语从句+be+被强调部分，主语从句常用what引导。
如：What John wants is a ball.What Mary does every day is(to) give piano lessons.  
二、not...until...句型的强调句：
1、句型为：It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其它部分： e.g. 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/till his wife came back. 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；
因为句型中It is/was not...已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。三、谓语动词的强调：
1、It is/was...that...结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/does或did。
e.g. Do sit down.务必请坐。 He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
2、注意：此种强调只用do/does和did，没有别的形式；过去时用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。
18. —You are so graceful a lady that your beauty is really beyond expression.
—______.
A. Thanks for the compliment. B. Well, you never know.
C. You can’t be serious! D. It’s not true.
参考答案：
A
二、 短文改错
19. 短文改错10分，文中共有10处语言错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加上一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第10处起）不记分。
My sister and me got the chance to have bike trip along the Lancang River calling the Mekong River in other countries. The Mekong River begin in a glacier on a Tibetan mountain. Then it becomes rapids as it passes through deeply valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province. After leaving China and the high altitude, the Mekong becomes wide, brown but warm. Where it enters Southeast Asia, it makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plain. In last the river delta enters into the South China Sea.
参考答案：
My sister and me got the chance to have ∧bike trip along the Lancang River calling the
                I                      a                           called
Mekong River in other countries. The Mekong River begin in a glacier on a Tibetan mountain. Then
                                          begins
it becomes rapids as it passes through deeply valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province.
                              deep
After leaving China and the high altitude, the Mekong becomes wide, brown but warm. Where it
                                                               and     As或When
enters Southeast Asia, it makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plain. In last the
                                                                   plains At
river delta enters into the South China Sea.
               去掉

【知识拓展】
1.deep深的---deeply深深地；high高的---highly高度地；wide宽的---widely广泛地；close近的，亲密的---closely仔细地。
2.enter不能和into在同一句中使用；repeat不能和again在同一句中使用；return不能和back在同一句中使用；because/because of/as/since（因为），不能和so在用一句中出现；though/although/while/in spite of/despite(尽管)，不能和but在同一句中使用。
20. 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
下面短文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear sir,
Last year I buy a refrigerator in your store on Chang An road. We all like shape of the refrigerator. And recently I find something is wrong with it. It begins to make noise when it was turned on. At first it is low but gradual it become louder and louder. To make the matter bad, it even stops working sometimes. We all feel disappointing. I am writing to ask for help. Would you please send a person to repair it? I will stay at home this weekend. Please call me before you come to here. My telephone number is 66065531. Thanks you very much.
                                                                   Customer
                                                                   Li Ming

参考答案：

三、 阅读理解
21. A kaleidoscope(万花筒) is a very clever toy—it can create an unending display of patterns.
You will need shiny mirror board which you can buy from an art shop. Otherwise, you can make your own shiny board by sticking aluminum foil(铝箔) to a piece of cardboard.
The kaleidoscope works best if the color1 ed plastic pieces are thicker than paper. You will need: scissors, sticky tape(胶带),glue, ruler and pencil.
Step 1
Cut out a piece of mirror board 12 cm by 20 cm. Measure out and score(画线) two straight lines along lengthways 4 cm apart.
Step 2
Fold the board along the lines, so the mirror is inside. Tape the two edges together. Then tape a piece of clear plastic over one end of the tube(管状物).
Step 3
Cut a piece of mirror board 12.5 cm by 3 cm. Tape it round the tube, so that it sticks out over the plastic-covered end.
Step 4
Hold the tube upright with the short piece of tube you have added at the top. Drop small pieces of color1 ed plastic and beads(珠子) into it.
Step 5
Cut out a triangular(三角的) piece of tracing paper. Lay the tube and tape them down.
Step 6
Cut out a piece of color1 ed paper 12.5 cm by 20 cm. Glue it round the tube, then decorate it with color1 paper shapes. Enjoy the patterns your kaleidoscope can make.

61. What equipment is needed to complete Step 3?
A. A ruler and glue.
B. A pencil and glass.
C. A pencil and a ruler.
D. Scissors and sticky tape.
62. The next thing to do after scoring two lines on the mirror board is to __________.
A. cut another piece of mirror board
B. make the cardboard into a tube
C. measure out two lines 4 cm apart
D. put away the equipment you have used
63. If you were unable to find mirror board, you could use __________.
A. clear plastic from a bag
B. color1 ed paper and a glue stick
C. small pieces of color1 ed plastic
D. aluminum foil (铝箔) stuck onto a cardboard
64. This information is most likely to be found in a book called __________.
A. Toys and Models to Make
B. Star Gazing
C. Save the Planet
D. Equipment and Materials
参考答案：
DBDA
22. Recently, a scientist did some experiments. He left a group of 4-year-olds in a room with a bell and a candy. If they rang the bell, he would come back and they could eat the candy. If, however, they didn’t ring the bell and waited for him to come back on his own, they could then have two candies.
In the videos of the experiments, he can see the children hiding their eyes, trying to exercise self-control so they can wait and get two candies. The results are different. Some broke down and rang the bell within a minute. Others lasted 15 minutes.
The children who waited longer went on to get higher academic scores. They got into better colleges and had better adult success. The children who rang the bell quickest were more likely to have received worse teacher and parental evaluations (评价) 10 years later and were more likely to have drug problems at age 32.
The experiments are worth noting because people spend a lot of time thinking about how to improve education, and how to become rich. But when the result is not good, they will come back to ask “How do we get people to get the sort of self-control that leads to success?” This is to enter the world of human nature.
So these experiments, along with everyday experience, tell us that self-control is most important. Young people who can sit through sometimes boring classes to get a degree can work hard in order to learn a language well. They can avoid drugs and alcohol. For people without self-control skills, however, school is a series of failed and painful experience. No wonder they drop out and their later life is a group of foolish ideas, such as drug use, stealing and so on.
8. The scientist did some experiments to ________.
A. find good ways of training children to learn
B. show that children’s education is important
C. test children’s self-control and later success
D. test children’s intelligence of ringing the bell
9. What do the underlined words “broke down” probably mean?
A. failed to wait. B. kept waiting.
C. hid the candy. D. ate the candy.
10. How long did the scientist’s experiments last according to the text?
A. Just 15 minutes. B. Within 10 years.
C. Less than 14 years. D. About 28 years.
11. What will the children without self-control do at school according to the text?
A. They will improve their education.
B. They will suffer a lot from boring lessons.
C. They will become very rich and successful.
D. They will work hard to catch up with others.
参考答案：
8. C    9. A    10. D    11. B
【分析】
本文属于说明文，讲述了自控力和未来成功的关系，实验表明自控力强的人以后成功的机会更大。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段“The children who waited longer went on to get higher SAT scores. They got into better colleges and had better adult success.”可知，等待的时间越长的孩子SAT分数越高，长大后会进入更好的大学，获得更好的成功，故可知实验的目的在于探索孩子自律和成功之间的关系，故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段The results are different. Some broke down and rang the bell within a minute. Others lasted 15 minutes.可知，结果是不一样的，有些孩子在一分钟内摇响铃声，而另外一些孩子坚持了15分钟，故可知对两类孩子进行了对比，故可以推出break down为崩溃，无法再坚持，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段He left a group of 4-year-olds in a room with a bell and a candy.以及第三段“The children who rang the bell quickest were more likely to have received worse teacher and parental evaluations(评价)10 years later and were more likely to have drug problems at age 32.”可知，开始做实验是孩子4岁的时候，最后与32岁的时候结束，故可知，实验持续了28年，故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“For people without self-control skills, however, school is a series of failed ordeals(煎熬).”可推知，缺乏自律的孩子，学业对于他们来说就是连续的煎熬，故选B。
【点睛】词义猜测题
词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。比如小题2，根据第二段The results are different. Some broke down and rang the bell within a minute. Others lasted 15 minutes.可知，结果是不一样的，有些孩子在一分钟内摇响铃声，而另外一些孩子坚持了15分钟，故可知对两类孩子进行了对比，故可以推出break down为崩溃，无法再坚持，故选A。