2022年湖北省随州市广水第二中学高二英语下学期期末试题含解析.docx

2022年湖北省随州市广水第二中学高二英语下学期期末试题含解析
一、 选择题
1. He opened the door only to find many teachers ______ at the back of the classroom.
A. seating                  B. seated        C. were seating           D. seat
参考答案：
B
2. Look, here come my ______. They look happy.
   A. visitor       B. worker       C. friend       D. students
参考答案：
D
3. Some parents are just too protective. They want to ______ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A. compare     B. offer    C.  shelter     D. respect
参考答案：
C
4. As a matter of fact, ________ tries again makes no difference.
A. no matter which     B. no matter who     C. whoever    D. whichever
参考答案：
C
略
5. ______ having been told thousands of times to study hard, some students still overlook their teachers’ whole-hearted suggestions.
  A. Until                    B. Though             C. While         D. Unless
参考答案：
B
6. We should give some economic        the third world.
A. help in          B. help with               C. aid in             D. aid to
参考答案：
D
略
7. __________ from the top of the mountain, the city looks beautiful.
A. See                   B. To see               C. Seeing                     D. Seen
参考答案：
D
8. By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majority of the world’s population _______ in cities rather than in the country.
A. are living                 B. will be living              C. have lived               D. will have lived
参考答案：
D
9. Was it _____ she said or something that she did ____ you were angry at so much?  
A. what; that      B. that; which        C. that; what           D. what; which  
参考答案：
A
10. Mr. Green stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy, saying he was not the one _______.
A. blamed   B. blame   C. to blame   D. to be blamed  
参考答案：
C
略
11.  _______ recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the US would be higher than that of English speakers by _______ year 2090.
   A. The; a       B. A; /          C. The; /          D. A; the
参考答案：
D
12. Alice wants to become ______ singer when she grows up.
A. 不填             B. the            C. an              D. a
参考答案：
D
13.  ---Do you know the 3G mobile phone will come onto the market soon?
---Really? It is said to be superior ______ any other model. I can't wait to buy_____.
A. to; one                     B. than; one       C. to; it                 D. than; it
参考答案：
A
14. Looking back, Diana, a fashion designer, ______ her achievements to the goal she set, the education she received from the college, and above all, the efforts she made.
   A. adds            B. connects        C. devotes             D. owes
参考答案：
D
略
15. He bought a book with the _____ 50 dollars and then his money _______.
A. remaining; ran out of    B. remaining; was used up
C. remained, ran out    D. remained, gave out
参考答案：
B
【详解】考查非谓语动词及动词短语。句意：他用剩下的50美元买了一本书，然后他的钱就用完了。remain“剩下”是不及物动词，所以做定语用现在分词；use up“用完”是及物动词，用被动语态，run out of“用完”也是及物动词，需要被动语态。故选B。
16. All of us found ______ difficult to work out the maths problem.
   A. what            B. that           C. which          D. it
参考答案：
D
略
17. Some of the world’ s great novels are reported _____ into films last year.
A. to have made     B. to make         C. to be made     D. to have been made
参考答案：
D
18. I know I am not a perfect person.I ______ my own comshortings and I will try to overcome them.
A.learn      B.develop     C.determine     D.recognize
参考答案：
D
句意：我知道我不是一个完美的人，我承认自己的缺点会克服它们。这里使用动词，四个选项的含义分别是：A.learn学习，B.develop发展，C.determine 决定，D.recognize识别，认出，承认，所以选D。
【考点】动词
【试题延伸】动词的词义辨析要放在上下文的语境中进行，要注意上下文的语义的串联以及逻辑关系的推理，特别要注意一些动词的固定搭配以及动词的深层次的含义的区别。这几个单词词义有点相似，建议考生从词义进行对比，还有注意及物还是不及物动词。
【举一反三】Someone who lacks perseverance is unlikely to _______ a good researcher.
A. make    B. turn   C. get    D. grow
A考查动词：A. make成为，B. turn变成C. get得到D. grow成长，句意：缺乏毅力的人是不可能成为好的研究人员的。Turn后面接单数名词不能加不定冠词，选A。
二、 短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The problem of “white pollution” was caused by using plastic is becoming increasingly serious, on which plastic shopping bags play an important role. In China, about three billions plastic shopping bags are consumed every day, that results in a great waste of resources and heavy environmental pollution. Lucky, the government has put a nationwide ban on the use of free plastic bags, demand that no stores or supermarkets should provide customers with free plastic bags. The rule will undoubtedly reduce use of plastic bags or promote the awareness of environmental protection. It was highly suggested that everyone turns to cloth bags and shopping baskets.
参考答案：
The problem of “white pollution” was caused by using plastic is becoming
                                        去掉
increasingly serious, on which plastic shopping bags play an important role. In China,
                       in
about three billions plastic shopping bags are consumed every day, that results in
            billion                                                which
a great waste of resources and heavy environmental pollution. Lucky, the government
                                                            Luckily
has put a nationwide ban on the use of free plastic bags, demand that no stores or
                                                         demanding
supermarkets should provide customers with free plastic bags. The rule will
undoubtedly reduce∧ use of plastic bags or promote the awareness of environmental
                 the                      and
protection. It was highly suggested that everyone turns to cloth bags and shopping
                 is                             turn
baskets.
本文主要讲了塑料袋造成的“白色污染”问题变得越来越严重，中国政府采取了塑料袋收费这一规定，有效地减少了塑料袋的使用，提升了人们的环境保护意识。
考查非谓语动词。“问题”和“造成”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，所以第一行was删除。
考查介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句。in which plastic shopping bags play an important role.是一个介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句，介词和谓语动词构成固定搭配，play an important role in在……起着重要作用，是固定短语，所以第二行on改成in。
考查固定用法。前面有具体的数词three修饰，billion不能加s，所以第二行 billions 改成 billion。
考查非限制性定语从句。which results in a great waste of resources and heavy environmental pollution.作定语，修饰整个主句内容，且有逗号隔开，所以which results in a great waste of resources and heavy environmental pollution.是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，用which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以第三行that改成which。
考查副词。位于句首，修饰整个主句内容，且有逗号隔开，所以用副词，第四行Lucky改成Luckily。
考查非谓语动词。demand与其逻辑主语the government之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，第五行 demand 改成 demanding。
考查冠词。特指“塑料袋的使用”，所以用定冠词the，第六行reduce后加the。
考查连词。这条规定毫无疑问减少了塑料袋的使用，并且提升了人们的环境保护意识。并列关系，用and，所以第六行or改成and。
考查时态。表示主语现在的状态，用一般现在时，所以第七行was改成is。
考查虚拟语气。It is+ suggested +主语从句中，主语从句要用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气，所以第七行turns改成turn。
名师点睛：这道题目中，小题2最难。考查介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句。一、“介词＋关系代词”的用法：当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”。例如：Do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office?
使用“介词＋关系代词”要注意以下几点：
(一)选用介词的依据：
(1) 根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。例如：
Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.
(2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。例如：
The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist.
(3) 根据句子的意思来选择。例如：
The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what is happening outside.
(4) 表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。例如：
I have about 20 books, half of which were written by Bing Xin, the famous writer.
(二)在定语从句中，含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化)，如look after, look for等。例如：
The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正)
The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误)
(三)“of which / whom”有时可以用“whose＋名词”结构来改写。例如：
The building whose roof was damaged in the earthquake has been repaired.
＝The building of which the roof was damaged in the earthquake has been repaired.
(四)当先行词为way并且定语从句中缺少状语时，通常用in which或that引导定语从句(in which或that可省略)；如果定语从句中不缺少状语，则用关系代词引导(that 或which 可省略)。例如：
All of us disliked the way(in which / that)Tom settled the maths problem.
二、“介词＋关系代词”与关系副词的转化
(1)当先行词表示地点，定语从句中缺少地点状语时，通常用关系副词where引导，此时也可选用表示地点的介词＋which来代替关系副词where。例如：
I visited the village where many children couldn’t go to school because of poverty.
＝I visited the village in which many children couldn’t go to school because of poverty.
(2) 当先行词表示时间，定语从句中缺少时间状语时，通常用关系副词when引导，此时也可选用表示时间的介词＋which来代替关系副词when。例如：
We’d better fix a date when we will practice speaking English next week.
＝We’d better fix a date on which we will practice speaking English next week.
(3) 当先行词为reason，定语从句中缺少表示原因状语时，通常用关系副词why引导，此时也可以用for which来代替关系副词why。例如：
Can you tell me the reason why you were late for school?
＝Can you tell me the reason for which you were late for school?
20. 短文改错（共10小题，10分）
假如英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号( ＾), 并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ＼）划掉。
修改： 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
      2、只允许修改十处, 多者(从第11处起) 不计分。
Dear Zhou Lu,
  I’m writing a letter to you ask you for some help.
  As you know, Zhang Fei and I used to be good friend. However, on one day, Zhang Fei read my private letter in secret and told others what was written on it. Knowing this, I was extreme angry, I told her I would not be his friend any more. Hearing what I said, Zhang Fei felt very surprised and no longer stayed with me. Facing with this, I felt very upset. I am much angry at Zhang Fei’s improper behavior, but I can’t forget the wonderful time that I stayed with her. I wonder whether I should forgive her and make friends with her again. And I’m afraid if I offer to make friends with her, she will refuse me. How should I do?
                                                                 Your friend,
                                                                   Li Hua

参考答案：

略
三、 阅读理解
21. To get an extra 14 years of life, don't smoke, eat lots of fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly and drink alcohol in a proper amount．That is according to a study published this Monday in the Public Library of Science Medicine Journal．
After tracking more than 20,000 people aged 45 to 79 years in the United Kingdom from about 1993 to 2007, Kay-Tee Khaw of the University of Cambridge and his colleagues found that people who adopted these four healthy habits lived all average of 14 years longer than those who didn't．
“We've known for a long time that these behaviors are good things to do, but we've not seen this benefit before, ”said Susan Jebb, head of Nutrition and Health at Britain's Medical Research Council．“The benefit was also seen regardless of whether or not people were fat and what social class they came from．”
Study participants（参与者）scored a point each for not smoking, regular physical activity, eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day and moderate alcohol intake．
Public health experts said they hoped the study would inspire governments to introduce policies helping people to adopt these changes．But because the study only observed people rather than testing specific changes, it would be impossible to conclude that people who suddenly adopted these healthy behaviors would surely gain 14 years．
“We can't say that any person could gain 14 years by doing these things, ”said Dr．Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization．“The 14 years is an average across the population of what's theoretically（理论上地）possible．”
“Most people know that things like a good diet matter and that smoking isn't good for them, ”Susan Jebb said．“We need to work on providing people with much more practical support to help them change．”
67．Which of the following DOESN'T belong to the four healthy habits?
A．Eat five servings of fruits and vegetables a day．
B．Do proper exercise in the morning every day．
C．Drinking alcohol in the proper amount every day．
D．Having a cigarette before going to bed every day．
68．We can learn from the passage that             ．
A．Susan Jebb did not take part in the study．
B．the study observed people as well as tested specific changes．
C．there's no need for people under 45 to adopt these good habits．
D．only those from first class can benefit from these healthy behaviors．
69．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．All the people are well aware of the harm of their bad habits．
B．People aged 45 to 70 have bad habits in the United Kingdom．
C．Governments should take measures to help people change their bad habits．
D．People have adopted the four healthy habits after knowing they're good．
70．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．Smoking and Drinking Cuts You 14 Years
B．How to Live a Much Healthier Life
C．Healthy Habits May Give Extra 14 Years
D．How to Make Your Life Longer Than Others

参考答案：
DACC
略
22. There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external (外在的) result or a product that can easily be identified and measured．The worker who gets a rise, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language—all these examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts．
By contrast (对照) , the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way．The process is not the road itself, but the attitudes, feelings people have , and their caution or courage, as they meet with new experiences and unexpected difficulties．In this process, the journey never really ends；there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept．
In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to face the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first．How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is necessary for our ability to grow．Do we see ourselves as quick and curious? If so, we tend to take more chances and be more open to unfamiliar experiences．Do we think we’re shy and indecisive? Then our sense of fear can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and we think we are slow to adapt (适应) change or that we’re not smart enough to deal with a new challenge．Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all．
These feelings of insecurity (不安全) and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow．If we protect ourselves too much, then we stop growing．We become trapped inside a shell of our own making．
67．Which of the following can be viewed as the process of personal growing? 
A．Our manager was always willing to accept new challenges．
B．Jane won the first prize in the speech competition．
C．Jerry picked up French during his stay in Paris．
D．Father’s salary rose from 5, 000 to 7,000．
68．For personal growth, the author is in favor of all the following EXCEPT _______．
A．being curious abo