上海崇明县扬子高级中学高一英语下学期期末试题含解析.docx

上海崇明县扬子高级中学高一英语下学期期末试题含解析
一、 选择题
1. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some _________ over 90 meters.
A. are measured B. are measured
C. measured D. measuring
参考答案：
D
【详解】考查独立主格。句意：这里如此湿润以致于树木长得很高，一些树的高度都超过90米。分析句子结构，逗号前是一个完整的句子，因此，后面构成独立主格结构：名词/代词+doing/done/to do/介词短语等。此处逻辑主语trees与measure构成逻辑的主谓关系，故用现在分词，故选D。
【点睛】独立主格详解
1. 名词/主格代词+现在分词。名词/主格代词与现在分词之间主谓关系（主动）。
The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn't know what to say.
姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。
2. 名词/主格代词+过去分词。名词/主格代词与过去分词之间的动宾关系（被动）。
The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved.
随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。
3. 名词/主格代词+不定式。名词/主格代词与不定式之间是主谓关系，可表将来，强调一次具体性的动作。
He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help.
借助于一些旧零件，他要做一个飞机模型。
4. 名词/主格代词+形容词（形容词（短语）说明前面名词或代词的性质或状态）。如：
She appeared in front of us, her face bright with joy.
她出现在我们面前，脸上闪耀着快活的神色。
5. 名词/主格代词+副词（副词也多是说明前面名词或代词的状态）。如：
He put on his sweater wrong side out.他把毛衣穿反了。
本题即是考查独立主格结构。分析句子结构，逗号前是一个完整的句子，因此，后面构成独立主格结构：名词/代词+doing/done/to do/介词短语等。此处逻辑主语trees与measure构成逻辑的主谓关系，故用现在分词，故填measuring。
2. ________ her faults, she’s Arnold’s mother. Don’t be so rude to her.
A. Whatever B. Anything that
C. Whichever D. Whenever
参考答案：
A
3. I had neither a computer nor newspaper.________ I don't know the latest news.
A. It's the reason  B. That's why     C. There's why D. It's because
参考答案：
B
4. Our meeting room is ______ theirs.
A. three times as bigger as       B. bigger than three times
C. three times as the size of      D. three times the size of
参考答案：
D
5. They argued ______the matter the whole afternoon, and at last agreed _____the date for the next meeting.
    A. on; on     B. with; with      C. over; over     D. about; on
参考答案：
D
略
6. ________matters most in learning English is enough practice.
A. What      B. Why           C. Where       D. Which
参考答案：
A
7. – Have you been working here for a long time?
– Yes, since I _____ from college.
A. had graduated              B. graduated                               C. has graduated               D. graduates
参考答案：
8. Yesterday our head teacher made such an　　　　speech that we all felt　　　　.
A. exciting; exciting      B. excited; excited
C. exciting; excited       D. excited; exciting
参考答案：
C 
解析:考查形容词。第一空作定语修饰物，用-ing形式；第二空作表语，修饰人，用v-ed形式，选C。
9. ——Haven't you graduated from college? ——Yes. I     in Nanjing University for four years.
A. studied    B. study    C. have studied    D. had studied
参考答案：
A
考查动词时态。句意：——你还没有大学毕业吗？——不，我在南京大学上了四年。句子开头是否定问句，根据回答中的Yes.可知已经毕业，此处是陈述过去的事实用一般过去时，故选A.
10. Yang Liwei is China’s first astronaut in space, ______ achievements will go down in history.
A. that B. whose C. which D. where
参考答案：
B
11. According to the timetable, the plane for Shanghai ______ at 2 p.m.
A. will leave    B. leaves
C. is left    D. has left
参考答案：
B
【详解】考查一般现在时。句意：根据时刻表，去上海的飞机下午2点起飞。用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情，用一般现在时表示将来。这样的动词有：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return。故B选项正确。
12. Although their new factory building is still under          construction，we have already placed        order for 200 pairs of shoes.
A. the; an                          B. a：an                    C. ／; ／                 D. ／; an
参考答案：
D
13. —Who called just now, Sam?
—It’s Terry. She asked _____.
A. that Alice was in B. if was Alice in
C. if Alice was in D. whether was Alice in
参考答案：
C
14.  The manager received many letters from the employees, ______ the long work hours.  
A. protested                  B. to protest                     C. protesting                 D. having protested
参考答案：
C
15. Only after I read the book _______ why she devoted all her life to medical
work for Chinese women and children.
   A. I understood                                          B. had I understood 
   C. did I understand                                     D. I had understood
参考答案：
C
略
16. ----Congratulations, Tom! You have won the first prize in the physics competition.
----Don’t _____. I’m not good at physics, you know.
A. be a wet blanket            B. pull my leg   
C. have green fingers           D. be all ears
参考答案：
B
17. The Dragon Boat Festival had its _____ as an event in memory of Qu Yuan, a great poet in China.
A．reason     B．explanation         C. origin   D．resource
参考答案：
C
18.  As soon as he came back from abroad, he _______ his father’s business.
..A. took in                     B. took up            C. took over           D. took on
参考答案：
C
二、 短文改错
19.  He always think of others.
参考答案：
think变为thinks
20. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Nelson Mandela offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. He was the black lawyer to whom I went for advices and was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.
I needed her help because I had very little education. I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometer away. I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay for the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write well. After try hard, I got job in a gold mine. Therefore, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I do not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.
The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stayed in Johannesburg. I became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kindly Mandela was.
参考答案：
Nelson Mandela offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. He was the black lawyer to whom I went for advices and was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.
         advice
I needed her help because I had very little education. I began school at six. The school where
       his
I studied for only two years was three kilometer away. I had to leave because my family could not
                              kilometers                                                    
continue to pay for the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write well. After try hard,
             for                                                       trying
I got ∧ job in a gold mine. Therefore, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook
      a                 However
to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I do not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about
                          did
whether I would become out of work.
The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stayed in Johannesburg. I became more hopeful about my future. I
  stay  
never forgot how kindly Mandela was.
               kind
三、 阅读理解
21. How Bad Are Energy Drinks for Children?
What Are Energy Drinks?
There is no clear definition of what makes an energy drink, but it is usually taken that anything non alcoholic with more than 150mg of caffeine per litre is an energy drink. The first of its kind was Lucozade, which was launched in 1927. It was promoted as helping the sick to get better by regaining lost energy. Now there are lots of energy drinks on the market, all claiming to help boost energy levels and aid our performance.
What’s in Energy Drinks?
We’ve mentioned the caffeine but energy drinks also contain water and sugar. Some also contain alts and amino acids.
What Are the Health Concerns?
The concerns focus on the two main ingredients (成分) of energy drinks, caffeine and sugar. Too much caffeine for children can in the short term cause headaches and raise blood pressure although it is important to mention that caffeine may not harm children in the long term. However, the short term issues do really worry teachers as caffeine can lead to an inability to sleep, which then affects a child’s ability to focus and concentrate in class. In fact the maximum recommended (推荐) intake of caffeine for children is 2.5mg for every kilogram a child weighs, so if a child drinks energy drinks. it would be very easy to go over this dose.
Too much sugar can also cause health problems including obesity, tooth decay and in the long run Type 2 diabetes. So as with caffeine, if children are drinking energy drinks and consuming sugar in foods and other drinks, then it would be easy to go over the daily sugar allowance for a child. The thing to be aware of is what is called free sugars. Free sugars are those sugars which are added to foods or drinks, not the natural sugar found in fruits and vegetables. The amount of free sugar that a child should have is 19 grams per day for those aged 4-6 and 24 grams for those aged 7-10. So again it is easy to see that if children are drinking energy drinks over and above sugar that will be present in food they eat, it would be easy to go over the recommended amount of sugar each day.
Selling Energy Drinks to Children
There are currently voluntary bans for shops not to sell energy drinks to children under 16, but there are calls to make this illegal. Some schools have already banned children from bringing these drinks into school.
43. What do energy drinks claim to do? (不多于9个词)
44. Why are teachers worried about too much caffeine in energy drinks?
45. What is the recommended amount of free sugar for an8-year- -old child? (不多于2个词)
参考答案：
43. To help/Help boost energy levels and aid our performance.   
44. Because it may lead to an inability to sleep and less focus in class.   
45. 24 grams.
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了什么是能量饮料、能力饮料的危害、对健康的影响以及采取的一些相关的措施。
【43题详解】
答案定位在What Are Energy Drinks?部分Now there are lots of energy drinks on the market, all claiming to help boost energy levels and aid our performance.可知能量饮料声称能帮助提高能量水平和帮助我们的表现，所以填To help/Help boost energy levels and aid our performance.
【44题详解】
答案定位在What Are the Health Concerns?部分However, the short term issues do really worry teachers as caffeine can lead to an inability to sleep, which then affects a child’s ability to focus and concentrate in class.可知老师们担心能量饮料中含有太多的咖啡因是因为它可能会导致无法入睡和在课堂上注意力不集中，所以填Because it may lead to an inability to sleep and less focus in class.
【45题详解】
答案定位在What Are the Health Concerns?部分and 24 grams for those aged 7-10.可知八岁儿童的建议食糖量是24克，所以填24 grams.
22.     The elephant was lying heavily on its side, fast asleep. A few dogs started barking at it. The elephant woke up in a terrible anger: it chased the dogs into the village where they ran for safety. That didn’t stop the elephant. It destroyed a dozen houses and injured several people. The villagers were scared and angry. Then someone suggested calling Parbati, the elephant princess.
    Parbati Barua’s father was a hunter of tigers and an elephant tamer. He taught Parbati to ride an elephant before she could even walk. He also taught her the dangerous art of the elephant round-up—how to catch wild elephants.
    Parbati hasn’t always lived in the jungle. After a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to boarding school in the city. But Parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old life. “Life in the city is too dull. Catching elephants is an adventure and the excitement lasts for days after the Chase,” she says.
    But Parbati doesn’t catch elephants just for fun. “My work,” she says,“is to rescue man from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from man. ”And this is exactly what Parbati has been doing for many years. Increasingly, the Indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land. It is now fighting back. Whenever wild elephants enter a tea garden or a village, Parbati is called to guide the animals back to the jungle before they can kill.
    The work of an elephant tamer also involves love and devotion. A good elephant tamer will spend hours a day singing love songs to a newly captured elephant. “Eventually they grow to love their tamers and never forget them. They are also more loyal than humans,” she said, as she climbed up one of her elephants and sat on the giant, happy animal. An elephant princess indeed !
  5l. For Parbati, catching elephants is mainly to_____________.
    A. get long lasting excitement    B. keep both man and elephants safe
    C. send them back to the jungle   D. make the angry elephants tame
  52. Indian elephants are getting increasingly angry and they fight back because______________.
    A. they are caught and sent for heavy work
    B. illegal hunters capture them and kill them
    C. they are attacked and their land gets limited
    D. dogs often bark at them and chase them
  53. The passage starts with an elephant story in order to explain that in India____________.
    A. people easily fall victim to elephants’ attacks
    B. the man-elephant relationship is getting worse
    C. elephant tamers are in short supply
    D. dogs are as powerful as elephants
参考答案：

略