河南省新乡市第一中学高二英语期末试题含解析.docx

河南省新乡市第一中学高二英语期末试题含解析一、 选择题1. The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England.A. which B. what C. that D. the one参考答案：C2. Swine flue is likely to cause _ new round of panic all over _ world.A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a参考答案：C3. The design isnt successful unless it_ people of all ages and social groups. A. attaches toB. appeals toC. adjusts toD. objects to参考答案：B4. When _ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. Offered参考答案：D5. He found a lot of were .A. passers-by: grown-upsB. passer-bys; growns-upC. passer-bys; grown-upsD. passers-by; growns-up参考答案：A考查名词复数。句意：他发现很多过路人是成年人。passer-by“过路人”的复数是passers-by；grown-up“成年人”的复数是grown-ups。故选A。6. _ several times, but he still doesnt know how to do it properly.A. Being shown B. Having shown C. Ive shown him D. Having been shown参考答案：C7. Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom参考答案：B8. Do you mind my smoking her? A. No, thanks. B. No, good idea. C. Yes, please. D. Yes, better not. 参考答案：D略9. He _ change his mind tomorrow; we are not sure.A. needB. shouldC. mayD. must参考答案：C略10. It is very _ that she will ring me tonight.A. likelyB. possibly C. probablyD. perhaps参考答案：A【名师点评】注意词义相近的词，注意它们的区别，它们是常考内容，容易混淆，做此题时要细心。11. I didnt know your telephone number in Paris; otherwise, Iyou. Oh, I would rather youme. A. would have called; had called B. would ring; call C. would have called; called D. would ring; had called参考答案：A12. national A. nation B. natureC. natural D. navy参考答案：C13. The days we have been looking forward to _ soon A. coming B. will come C. came D. have come 参考答案：C略14. Im so _ to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.A. special B. superior C. grateful D. attractive参考答案：C2015安徽卷考查形容词辨析。由语境“他们帮助我快乐地度过这原本糟糕的一天”可知，说话者对这些志愿者很感激，故选C。be grateful to对感激；be special to对是特殊的；be superior to优越于； be attractive to对有吸引力15. Tom made such a good _ on the manager that he decided to offer him a job A attention B motivation C description D impression参考答案：d略16. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ a record US$57.65 a barrel on April 4.A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching 参考答案：B17. The Frenchman pointed to the spoon and asked me _ to call that in Chinese.A. whether B. how C. which D. what参考答案：D18. We didnt know you were in trouble at that time，otherwise we_ you a hand.Ahad given Bgave Cwould give Dwould have given参考答案：D二、 短文改错19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Ive learned from the newspaper that my company is looking for a clerk. Im very interesting in the job and Id like to apply for at the position.First of all, allow me introduce myself .I have just graduated from senior high school and take the College Entrance Examination. I want to find an part-time job in the summer. Im 18 years old and have a good knowledge of English. In fact, I won the first prize in the English competition hold in our school last year. Beside, Im quite easy-going and therefore very popular among my classmate.I sincere hope you can give me a chance. Im looking forward to your early reply.参考答案：Ive learned from the newspaper that my company is looking for a clerk. Im very interesting your interested in the job and Id like to apply for at the position. atFirst of all, allow me introduce myself .I have just graduated from senior high school and to take the College Entrance Examination. I want to find an part-time job in the summer. Im 18 taken a years old and have a good knowledge of English. In fact, I won the first prize in the English competition hold in our school last year. Beside, Im quite easy-going and therefore very popular held Besides among my classmate. classmates I sincere hope you can give me a chance. Im looking forward to your early reply.sincerely【分析】这是一篇应用文。这是一封求职信，信中作者介绍了自己的一些信息。【详解】第一处：考查代词。短文是一篇求助信，是作者写给求职公司的，所以是“ 您的公司”。故将my 改为your。第二处：考查形容词。sb be interested in “ 某人对感兴趣”为固定短语。故将interesting 改为interested。第三处：考查名词。apply for“ 申请”，for为介词后接名词作宾语。故去掉at。第四处：考查动词不定式。allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”为固定短语。故me 后面加to。第五处：考查现在完成时。本句为现在完成时，and并列连接graduated和taken。故将take 改为taken。第六处：考查冠词。job为可数名词，在本句中表示泛指且part-time首字母的发音为辅音音素，所以冠词为a。故将an 改为a。第七处：考查过去分词。the English competition与 hold在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故将hold 改为 held。第八处：考查副词。besides用作副词的意思是“而且,还有”,引出另一个情况,以作补充。可用于句首、句尾，也可用于句中，常常用逗号或分号与句子的其他成分隔开”。而beside是介词意思是“ 除了还”。根据句意，故将Beside改为Besides。第九处：考查名词复数。classmate是可数名词, 作者同学不止一个，所以用复数形式。故将classmate 改为classmates。第十处：考查副词。sincerely为副词修饰动词hope。故将sincere改为 sincerely。20. 假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Scientists used a worldwide network of telescopes see and capture the first-ever picture of a black hole. The recent visual confirmation of black holes acts for the confirmation of Albert Einsteins theory of general relativity.Black holes are made up of huge amounts of matter squeezed into a small area, created a gravitational(万有引力的) field which draws in something around it. They also had a way of super-heating the material around them and warping spacetime(扭曲时空). Material is heated to billions of degrees and reaches nearly the speed of the light. Light bends around the gravity of the black hole, where creates the photon(光子) ring seen in the image.Relative to other object, supermassive black holes are actual small. They may seem invisible, and the way they interact with the material around them is the giveaway.参考答案：Scientists used a worldwide network of telescopes see and capture the first-ever picture of a black to hole. The recent visual confirmation of black holes acts for the confirmation of Albert Einsteins as theory of general relativity.Black holes are made up of huge amounts of matter squeezed into a small area, created a creatinggravitational(万有引力的) field which draws in something around it. They also had a way of everything have super-heating the material around them and warping spacetime(扭曲时空). Material is heated to billions of degrees and reaches nearly the speed of the light. Light bends around the gravity of the the black hole, where creates the photon(光子) ring seen in the image. which Relative to other object, supermassive black holes are actual small. They may seem invisible, and the objects actually but way they interact with the material around them is the giveaway.【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们使用全球范围内的望远镜网络观测并捕捉到了第一张黑洞的照片。【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们使用全球范围内的望远镜网络观测并捕捉到了第一张黑洞的照片。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故see只能作非谓语动词，表目的用不定式，故see前面加上to。2.考查介词。句意：最近对黑洞的视觉确认就像对Albert Einstein广义相对论的确认一样。根据句意表示“就像一样”应用介词as。故for改为as。3.考查非谓语动词。句意：黑洞是由大量的物质挤压成一个小区域，形成一个引力场，吸引周围的一切。create与逻辑主语Black holes构成主谓关系，故用现在分词。故created改为creating。4.考查不定代词。根据黑洞的性质可知，“黑洞吸引周围的一切”应用everything。故something改为everything。5.考查动词时态。句意：它们还有一种超加热周围物质并扭曲时空方法。描述客观事实应用一般现在时，故had改为have。6.考查冠词。句意：材料被加热到数十亿度，几乎达到光速。短语the speed of light“光速”，light是抽象名词，前面不需要冠词，故去掉the。7.考查定语从句连接词。句意：光在黑洞引力的作用下发生弯曲，从而产生了图像中的光子环。本句为非限定性定语从句，修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故应用which。故where改为which。8.考查名词的数。句意：与其他物体相比，超大质量黑洞实际上很小。object为可数名词，根据上文other泛指“其他的（人或物）”可知，应用名词复数形式。故object改为objects。9.考查副词。修饰形容词small应用副词形式，故actual改为actually。10.考查连词。句意：它们看起来似乎是无形的，但它们与周围物质的互动方式却泄露了秘密。根据语境可知，上下文为转折关系，故and改为but。三、 阅读理解21. Does Fame Drive You Crazy?Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, todays star, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the worlds attention. Paparazzi (狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature.According to psychologist Christina Villareal, celebrities (famous people) worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time,” Villareal says, “they feel separated and alone.”The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B.C., painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain about his lack of privacy (隐私). Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.If fame is so troublesome, why arent all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already.28. It can be learned from the passage that stars today _.A. are often misunderstood by the public B. can no longer have their privacy protectedC. spend too much on their public appearance D. care little about how they have come into fame29. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?A. Great heroes of the past were generally admired. B. The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.C. Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids. D. Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.30. What makes it much harder to be a celebrity (famous people) today? A. Availability of modern media. B. Improper social recognition.C. Lack of favorable chances. D. Huge population of fans.31. What is the authors attitude toward modern celebrity?A. Sincere B. doubtful C. objective D. Sympathetic参考答案：2831 BBAD22. During the darkest days of the drought（干早）that hit the western US since the early 2000s，rivers went dry from north to south. Consequently，low river flows severely reduced the amount of carbon-free electricity that could be produced by the thousands of hydroelectric power plants（水力发电厂）along rivers across the West.Now，a group of researchers have figured out that an extra 100 million tons of carbon ended up in the atmosphere because people had to use carbon-emitting（碳排放）power sources instead of hydroelectric power during drought. Thats equal to adding about 1. 4 million cars to road for every one of those years. “Thats a big piece of the pic，”says Noth Diffenbaugh a climate scientist at Stanford and one of the authors of the study.In normal years over 20% of the electicity comes from hydroelectric power plants. But that number fluctuates with the ebb（退潮）and flow of water. And when water is not enough. the amount of hydroelectric power decreases.States like Califomia. Washirgton, and Orgon that rely on hydroelectic power during water-rich years were the hardest hit. In Califormia, for example, the extra carbon dioxide emitted because of the drought added up to over 7% of its total carbon emissions.Thats not a minor problem. Many of the western states have made plans for how to reduce their emissions over the next few decades. Califormia, for example, is trying to get its emissions down to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050. But drought makes it harder to meet the emissions reduction goals.While the carbon cost of drought is large, Diffenbaugh points out, with this study and a lot of others from the past few years, weve learned more and more about when and why carbon-free energy sources face challenge. Armed with this information, he says, energy managers can figure out how to fill the gaps in energy demand with more renewable resources.12. What phenomenon is described in the first two paragraphs?A. The high consumption of energy.B. Large number of cars on the road.C. The increased demand for power sources.D. The large carbon emission due to drought.13. What does the underlined word “fluctuates” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Appears naturally.B. Changes irregularly.C. Becomes stable.D. Increases greatly.14. What can we know about California according to the text?A. Its carbon emission is very heavy.B. It is a water-rich state all year round.C. It heavily depends on renewable energy.D. It has achieved its emission reduction goal.15. What does Noah Diffenbaugh think of climate cost?A. It is not that serious.B. It is expected to be solved.C. It is a global common problem.D. It has been solved in some areas.参考答案：12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。干旱造成的大量碳排放。研究表明尽管干旱造成的碳成本很高，但通过这项研究以及过去几年的其他许多研究，我们越来越多地了解到，无碳能源何时以及为何面临挑战。有了这些信息，能源管理者就