2023年6月英语四级考试真题以及答案第3套.doc

2023年6月四级真题(第3套)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start youressay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on theimportance of doing small things before undertaking something big. You should write atleast 120 words but no more than 180 words.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end ofeach conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), anddecide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1. A. The girls got on well with each other.
B. It's understandable that girls don't get along.
C. She was angry with the other young stars.
D. The girls lacked the courage to fight.
2. A. The woman does her own housework.
B. The woman needs a housekeeper.
C. The woman's house is in a mess.
D. The woman works as a housekeeper.
3. A. The Edwards are quite well-off.
B. The Edwards should cut down on their living expenses.
C. It'll be unwise for the Edwards to buy another house.
D. It's too expensive for the Edwards to live in their present house.
4. A. The woman didn't expect it to be so warm at noon.
B. The woman is sensitive to weather changes.
C. The weather forecast was unreliable.
D. The weather turned cold all of a sudden.
5. A. At a clinic.
B. In a supermarket.
C. At a restaurant.
D. In an ice cream shop.
6. A. The woman did not feel any danger growing up in the Bronx.
B. The man thinks it was quite safe living in the Bronx district.
C. The woman started working at an early age to support her family.
D. The man doesn't think it safe to send an 8-year-old to buy things.
7. A. The man has never seen the woman before.
B. The two speakers work for the same company.
C. The two speakers work on the same floor.
D. The woman is interested in market research.
8. A. The woman can't tolerate any noise.
B. The man is looking for an apartment.
C. The man has missed his appointment.
D. The woman is going to take a train trip.Questions 9 to ll are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A. To make a business report to the woman.
B. To be interviewed for a job in the woman's company.
C. To resign from his position in the woman's company.
D. To exchange stock market information with the woman.
10. A. He is head of a small trading company.
B. He works in an international insurance company.
C. He leads a team of brokers in a big company.
D. He is a public relations officer in a small company.
11. A. The woman thinks Mr. Saunders is asking for more than they can offer.
B. Mr. Saunders will share one third of the woman's responsibilities.
C. Mr. Saanders believes that he deserves more paid vacations.
D. The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr. Saunders' past experience.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A. She's worried about the seminar.
B. The man keeps interrupting her.
C. She finds it too hard.
D. She lacks interest in it.
13. A. The lecturers are boring.
B. The course is poorly designed.
C. She prefers Philosophy to English.
D. She enjoys literature more.
14. A. Karen's friend.
B. Karen's parents.C. Karen's lecturers.
D. Karen herself.15. A. Changing her major.
B. Spending less of her parents' money.
C. Getting transferred to the English Department.
D. Leaving the university.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear"some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line throughthe centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答.
Passage One
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A. Rent a grave.
B. Burn the body.
C. Bury the dead near a church.
D. Buy a piece of land for a grave.
17. A. To solve the problem of lack of land.
B. To see whether they have decayed.
C. To follow the Greek religious practice.
D. To move them to a multi-storey graveyard.
18. A. They should be buried lying down.
B. They should be buried standing up.
C. They should be buried after being washed.
D. They should be buried when partially decayed.
19. A. Burning dead bodies to ashes.
B. Storing dead bodies in a remote place.
C. Placing dead bodies in a bone room.
D. Digging up dead bodies after three years.
Passage Two
Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
20. A. Many foreign tourists visit the United States every year.
B. Americans enjoy eating out with their friends.
C. The United States is a country of immigrants.
D. Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food.
21. A. They can make friends with people from other countries.
B. They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles.
C. They can practice spealdng foreign languages there.
D. They can meet with businessmen from all over the world.
22. A. The couple cook the dishes and the children help them.
B. The husband does the cooking and the wife serves as the waitress.
C. The mother does the cooking while the father and children wait on the guests.
D. A hired cook prepares the dishes and the family members serve the guests.
Passage Three
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
23. A. He took them to watch a basketball game.
B. He trained them to play European football.
C. He let them compete in getting balls out of a basket.D. He taught them to play an exciting new game.
24. A. The players found the basket too high to reach.
B. The players had trouble getting the ball out of the basket.
C. The players had difficulty understanding the complex rules.
D. The players soon found the game boring.
25. A. By removing the bottom of the basket.
B. By lowering the position of the basket.
C. By simplifying the complex rules.
D. By altering the size of the basket.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the firsttime, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for thesecond time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what youhave written.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
For Americans, time is money. They say, "You only get so much time in this life; you'd better use it wisely." The future will not be better than the past or present, as Americans are (26) __________to see things, unless people use their time for constructive activities. Thus, Americans(27) __________a "well-organized" person, one who has a written list of things to do and a(28) __________for doing them. The ideal person is punctual and (29) __________other peo-ple's time. They do not waste people's time with conversation or other activity that has no(30) __________, beneficial outcome.
The American attitude toward time is not (31) _________ shared by others, especially non-Eu-ropeans. They are more likely to (32) __________ something that is simply there around them, notsomething they can use. One of the more difficult things many students must adjust to in the States isthe (33) __________ that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.
In this context the fast food industry can (34) __________ a clear example of an American cul-tural product. McDonald's, KFC, and other fast food establishments are successful in a country wheremany people want to spend the least amount of time preparing and eating meals. As McDonald's restau-rants spread around the world, they have been viewed as (35) __________of American society andculture, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.
Part HI Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more thanonce.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage,
Just when you had figured out how. to manage fat in your diet, researchers are now warning against another common mealtime pitfall (陷阱)-salt.
A study by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), Stanford University andColumbia University shows that even a 36 decrease in daily salt intake (摄入) can lead to dramatichealth benefits. The authors 37 an annual drop of as many as 120,000 cases of heart disease,66,000 38 of stroke and 99,000 heart attacks 39 by high blood pressure after a 3-g-per-dayreduction in salt.
The advantages, not surprisingly, were greater for African Americans, who are more likely to 40 highblood pressure than other ethnic groups, and for the elderly, since blood vessels stiffen with age, whichcan lead to higher blood pressure.
"Everyone in the U.S. is consuming salt far in 41 of what is good for them," says lead authorDr. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo of UCSF. "What we are suggesting is that a population-wide effort to reducesalt intake, even 42, will have health benefits."
The team conducted a computer-based analysis to determine the 43 of a 3-g-per-day reduction insalt intake on rates of heart disease and death. They also calculated the cost savings emerging from theamount of disease that wonid be 44 because of lower blood pressure. The conclusion: by cutting saltintake nationwide, the U.S. could save $10 billion to $24 billion 45 in health care costs.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A. accidents
B. annually
C. avoided
D. caused
E. considerable
F. develop
G. documented
H. dramatically
I. excess
J. impact
K. instances
L. modest
M. revised
N. slightly
O. undertake
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each para-graph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2.
Surviving the Recession
A. America's recession began quietly at the end of 2023. Since then it has evolved into a global crisis.Reasonable people may disagree about whom to blame. Financiers who were not as clever as theythought they were? Regulators falling asleep at work? Consumers who borrowed too much? Politicianswho thoughtlessly promoted home-ownership for those who could not afford it? All are guilty; andwhat a mess they have created.
B. Since 2023 America has shed 5 million jobs. More than 15% of the workforce are jobless or underem-ployed-roughiy 25 million workers. The only industries swelling their payrolls are health care, utilitiesand the federal government. The value of listed shares in American firms collapsed by 57% from its
peak in October 2023 to a low in March this year, though it has since bounced back somewhat. In-dustrial production fell by 12.8% in the year to March, the worst slide since the Second World War.Mark Zandi, an economist at Moody's Economy , predicts that the recession will shrink America'seconomy by 3.5% in total. For most executives, this is the worst business environment they've everseen.
C. Times are so tough that even bosses are taking pay cuts. Median (中为数旳) pay for chief executivesof S&P 500 companies fell 6.8% in 2023. The overthrown business giants of Wall Street took thebiggest knock, with average pay cuts of 38% and median bonuses of zero. But there was some painfor everyone: median pay for chief executives of non-fmancial firms in the S&P 500 fell by 2.7%.Nearly every business has a sad tale to tell. For example, Arne Sorenson, the president of Marriotthotels, likens the crisis to the downturn that hit his business after September llth,2023. When thetwin towers fell, Americans stopped travelling. Marriott had its worst quarter ever, with revenues perroom falling by 25%. This year, without a terrorist attack, the hotel industry is "putting the samenumbers on the board", says Mr Soreuson.
.
D. The hotel bust (不景气), like most busts, was preceded by a breathtaldng boom. Although many otherbig firm.s resisted the temptation to over-borrow, developers borrowed heavily and built bigger andfancier hotels as if the whole world were planning a holiday in Las Vegas. When the bubble burst,demand collapsed. Hotel owners found themselves with a huge number of empty rooms even as a lotof unnecessary new hotels were ready to open.
E. Other industries have suffered even more. Large numbers of builders, property firms and retailershave gone bankrupt. And a disaster has hit Detroit. Last year the American car industry had the ca-pacity to make 17 million vehicles. Sales in 2023 could be barely haft of that. The Big Three Ameri-can carmakers--General Motors, Ford and Chrysler--accumulated ruinous costs over the post-waryears, such as gold-plated health plans and pensions for workers who retired as young as 48. Allthree are desperately restructuring. Only Ford may survive in its current form. Hard times breed hardfeelings. Few Americans understand what caused the recession. Some are seeking scapegoats (替罪羊).Politicians are happy to take advantage. Bosses have been summoned to Washington to be scoldedon live television. The president condemns their greed.
Extravagance (奢侈 ) is out
F. Businessfolk are bending over backwards to avoid seeming extravagant. Meetings at resorts are sud-denly unacceptable. Goldman Sachs, an investment bank, cancelled a conference in Las Vegas at thelast minute and rebooked it in San Francisco, which cost more but sounded less fun. Anyway, thepain will eventually end. American business will regain its shine. Many firms will die, but the sur-vivors will emerge leaner and stronger than before. The financial sector's share of the economy willshrink, and stay shrunk for years to come. The importance of non-financial firms will accordinglyrise, along with their ability to attract the best talent. America will remain the best