《汉英翻译》复习提纲-2.doc

《汉英翻译》复习提纲

Chapter one
as close／dumb as an oyster 守口如瓶
cast／lay／have an anchor to windward 未雨绸缪
范进迎了出去，只见那张乡绅下了轿进来，头带纱帽，……
Fan Chin went out to welcome the visitor, who was one of local gentry, and Mr. Chang alighted from the chair and came in. He was wearing an official’s gauze cap…
（乌）纱帽an official’s gauze cap
blue jokes下流的玩笑
blue talk下流的言论
This was the last straw. I was very young: the prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.
我再也无法忍受了。我当时很年轻，我要在一个女人手下工作，这对我简直是最大的侮辱。

Chapter two
军事集团a military bloc
反党集团anti-Party clique
保税区bonded area
消息灵通人士Informative sources or well-informed source
持审慎态度With guarded reserve
经济全球化economic globalization
两岸关系
the relationship between the two sides
the relationship between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait
relations across the Taiwan Strait
三个代表Three Represents／the Three R Principles
科学发展观the scientific outlook on development
中国特色社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics
一国两制one country，two systems
三资企业three kinds of foreign invested enterprises
保税区bonded area
海选mass election
审美疲劳aesthetic fatigue
跳槽job-hop
暗箱操作manipulation behind the scene
白色收入1egal income
灰色收入grey income
神舟五号Shenzhou No．5
亚健康subhealth
排行榜best seller list
电子邮件electronic mail
草根组织grass-root organization
多媒体multimedia
按揭贷款mortgage loan

短信陷阱令你防不胜防
Traps of Short Messages：Hard to Guard Against
东北生态岌岌可危
The Ecological Crisis in Northeast China
夫妻联手解开新的基因奥秘
Husband and wife team unlocks new gene secrets
妇女正在成为家庭装修能手
Women are become experts at home repairs.
房屋起火五死四伤
Five killed and four hurt in a house fire.
严禁非法金融活动，维护经济秩序稳定
State eliminates illegal banking

挽留北京旧城墙
Beijing to fix ancient city wall
施罗德将出访美国
Shroeder to visit US forging ties with the new Bush
举世瞩目的中国农业
Chinese Agriculture Attracting Worldwide Attention
农民可放心的几件事
The Things That Farmers Needn’t Worry About
江泽民在贵州、广西考察扶贫开发工作强调扶贫攻坚战必须打好，务求全胜
Jiang: Abolish rural poverty
美国不要做干涉他国内政的事情
US told to stop its ‘interfering’
青海湖二百年内将成为盐湖
Qinghai Lake to Become Salty Within 200 Years
我国承担的人类基因组“天书”接近完成
China to complete draft of 1% Human Genome
上千律师义务帮助二战中国劳工打官司
Lawyers to help forced laborers

无可奉告No comments
即将取得进展On the brink of breathrough
援引...的话说Be quoted as saying (cited as saying)
两栖明星a bi-media star
大龄青年：single youth above the normal matrimonial age
豆腐渣丁程：bean-curd projects（so named because they are too poor in quality to last out）
三角债：chain debts; debt chains
单亲家庭single-parent family
防病毒软件anti-virus software
免提电话hand-free phone
生态宜居城市eco-friendly city
无人售票车conductor-less bus
无烟城市smoke-free city
外向型经济export-oriented economy
工薪族wage-earners
打工族job-seekers; migrant worker
刷卡族card-users
追星族star-chasers

国家发改委副主任张平说跨越式发展是一大亮点。
译文：Zhang Ping，deputy director of the State Commission of Development and Reform (SCDR)，said that the striding development of Binhai New Area (BNA) will be a highlight.
仅因差110元，福建省连江县医院对病人见死不救，导致病人死亡。
Just for the sake of 110 yuan, the Lianjiang County Hospital in Fujian Province refused to give proper treatment to a seriously injured patient，resulting in the man’s death．
同国民经济发展幅度相比，中国的社会保障事业以及社会转移支付表现出一种明显滞后的情形。
China’ s social security undertakings and its transfer payments are obviously lagging behind the development of its national economy．
已经看得越来越清楚了，市场不是万能的，也有它的局限。因此，采取立法手段，或使用国家宏观调控手段，对涉及国计民生的某些领域进行社会调节，就是非常必要的了。比方说：看病问题、住房问题、教育问题。
It has become more and more clear that the market is not all-powerful and that it has certain limitations．In view of his fact，legislative or state macro-control measures should be taken to implement social regulations in fields such as medical care，housing problem and children’s schooling，all of which have a direct beating on the nation’s economy and the people’s livelihood．
本届政府工作走过了四个年头，它告诉我们，必须懂得一个真理，这就是政府的一切权力都是人民赋予的，一切属于人民，一切为了人民，一切依靠人民，一切归功于人民。
It has been four years since this Government took office．These four years have taught us one thing：We must be guided by the fundamental principle that all the power of the government is bestowed on us by the people and that all the power belongs to the people．
① 在我看来，问题出在某些专家、学者所患“市场崇拜症”上。
In my opinion．The crucial point lies in the “market worship” of certain experts and scholars．
③ 其一，对干高收入群体缺乏合理的、必要的“限高”。其二，对于基础阶层来说缺乏必要的“兜底”。
Firstly, there isn’t a reasonable and necessary “upper limit” for the high-income group．Secondly，we are in need of a necessary “guaranteed income system” for people at the bottom level．
④ 一些借助国家特许经营的垄断行业就获得了“暴利”。
Some franchise industries have reaped colossal profits．
⑤ 为节约时间，记者想买点食品带到食堂外吃，工作人员告诉记者不供应一次性餐盒，需自带饭盒。
We wanted to take the food outside in order to save time，but the staff told US that they didn’t provide disposable snack boxes．
① 改革开放以来，中国社会经济迅速发展，取得了举世公认的成就。
Ever since the beginning of reform and opening-up，China has made great achievements in its social and economic development，which have won worldwide recognition．
② 但一个明显的事实是，同经济发展相比，社会发展明显滞后。这突出表现为贫富差距的拉开幅度过大。
Yet，an obvious fact is that China’s social development is lagging behind that of its economy．This is manifested in the excessive gap between the poor and the rich．
③ 究其原因，大致有这样几个。
This may be attributed，in the main，to the following reasons.

Chapter 3
合营企业合同的订立、效力、解释、履行及其争议的解决，适用中华人民共和国法律。
译文：The conclusion，validity，explanation /interpretation and performance of the contract of a joint venture and settlement of disputes in connection there with shall be governed by the laws of the People’s Republic of China．
你们一定知道，这种打字机轻便高效、经久耐用而又经济实惠，适合中学生使用。
译文：You are well aware that this type of type-writer is portable and efficient, economical and practical for high school students．
对所订之货我们要求用保兑的不可撤销的信用证在出示装运单时凭即期汇票付款。请立即告知是否同意我方条款。一俟收到你方肯定答复，我方将按你方信中所述价格确认供货。
译文：For goods ordered，we require payment to be made by a confirmed and irrevocable letter of credit payable at sight upon presentation of shipping documents．Please let us know immediately whether you agree to our terms．Upon receipt of your reply in the affirmative，we shall confirm supply of the goods at the price stated in your letter．
请报来最低CIF伦敦价包括3％佣金，并说明可供十二月份装运的数量。
译文：Please quote us the lowest price CIF London with a 3 percent commission，and indicate the quantity that you can supply for December shipment.
装船期限为收到你方第一次付款日起一年之内装船；应允许分批装运。在分批装运情况下，我方当告知装船计划，使你方能对我发出装运要求，以便我方尽可能据以办理。
译文：The time of shipment is within one year after our receipt of your first payment．Partial shipments should be allowed, and in this connection，we would keep you posted of our delivery position (shipping schedule) so that you could give us shipping instructions which we may follow as far as possible．
请报电脑的上海到岸价，将不胜感谢。
It would be appreciated of you could quote your prices of CIF Shanghai for computer.
保险由我方按发票金额110％向中国人民保险公司投保一切险及战争险。如遇损失或损坏，你方可向其驻你港的代理提出索赔。
译文：Insurance is to be covered by us with the ICC for 110％ of the invoice value against. All Risks and War Risk．If any loss or damage occurs．You may file a claim with their agent at your port．

装货单(shipping order)
海运保险(marine insurance policy)
保兑信用证(confirmed letter of credit)
汇票(bill of exchange)
即期汇票(sight bill)

品质优良(excellent in quality)、
品种齐全(in a complete range of articles)
技艺精湛(exquisite craftsmanship)
经久耐用(durable in use)
用料上乘(superior materials)
设计合理(professional design)
包装新颖美观(fashionable and attractive packages)

Chapter 4
驰名中外 popular both at home and abroad
薄利多销 small profit but large turnover
祛风散寒 relieving rheumatism and cold
价廉物美 low prices and fine quality; cheap but good
防水，防震，防磁waterproof, shock-resistant and anti-magnetic
驰名中外 popular both at home and abroad
除湿散寒，祛风定痛 relieving rheumatism, chills and pains
穿着舒适轻便 comfortable and easy to wear
操作简便 easy and simple to handle / easy to operate
本小利微 small capital and little gain
美观耐用 attractive and durable
一册在手，纵览全球(《环球》杂志广告)
The Globe brings you the world in a single copy!
非常可乐，非常选择。（非常可乐广告）
Extraordinary Cola. Extraordinary Choice.
A Special Cola. A Special Choice.
方寸之间，深情无限。（《集邮杂志》广告）
On these tiny postage stamps
Philatelists’ friendship “franks”.

生活中的最大快乐莫过于受到尊重。说话有人听，需求有人照料。
One of the greatest pleasures in life is simply to be treated as an individual. To speak and be heard. To ask and be helped.
我们创建喜来登大饭店的目的正是如此——在您需要的时候，为您提供服务。
That’s why we created Sheraton Towers. To offer you what you want, when you want it.
该厂能生产大衣、西装、时装、衬衣、毛衣等不同类型服装用的上千个花色品种纽扣，产品规格齐全、品种繁多、造型新颖。(纽扣厂广告)
The factory can produce various new types of buttons in thousands of different designs for coats, suits, fashions, shirts and sweaters.
我部以良好的信誉、雄厚的资金实力和一流的服务质量，竭诚为广大客户提供全面的优质服务。
Our department offers you (all-round) services with good credit，financial strength，and best quality．
世界首创，中国一绝。天然椰子汁。
Natural Coco Juice：a world special with an enjoyment beyond all your words．
是国家指定专营抽纱品及原辅材料、设备、技术进出口业务的国家外贸公司。
We are the dealer authorized by the state to specialize in import and export of drawn-works, raw and auxiliary material, equipments and technology in the manufacture.
① 非常可乐，非常选择。（非常可乐广告）
Extraordinary Cola. Extraordinary Choice.
A Special Cola. A Special Choice.
② 喝孔府家酒，做天下文章。（孔府家酒广告）
Kongfu down, Cases done.
Confucian Spirit triggers / provokes your mind.
③“美的”家电，美的全面，美的彻底。（“美的”牌家用电器广告）
Midea home appliances are beautiful---beautiful from head to toe, beautiful inside out.
④ 波导—手机中的战斗机(波导手机广告)
Bird handsets---powerful as fighters.
⑤ 百闻不如一尝。(浙江粮油食品进出口公司广告)
Tasting is believing.
⑥ 方寸之间，深情无限。（《集邮杂志》广告）
On these tiny postage stamps
Philatelists’ friendship “franks”.
⑦ 要想皮肤好，早晚用大宝。（大宝护肤霜广告）
Good skin comes from Dabao.
Applying “Dabao” morning and night makes your skincare a real delight.
⑧ 不同的肤色，共同的选择。（青岛啤酒广告）
People’s skin colors are different far and near, but their choice can be the same for Qingdao Beer.

Chapter 5
天涯海角Tianya-Haijiao (the end of the earth and the edge of the sea)
世外桃源（桂林阳朔）Shangri-La; Peach Blossom Garden
西施Chinese Cleopatra; Xishi
清明节Chinese Easter; Qingming Festival
七夕节Chinese Valentine’s Day; Double Seventh Festival
呀诺达雨林文化旅游区Yanoda Rainforest Cultural Tourism Zone
尖峰岭国家森林公园Jansen Peak National Forest Park
亚龙湾Yalong Bay
五公祠Five Officials Temple
万绿园 Green Garden / Wanlu Garden
东坡书院Dongpo Study
大小洞天Da Xiao Dong Tian Scenic Zone
七仙岭The Ridge of Seven Fairies / Qi Xian ridge
宋庆龄故居Ancestral Residential Houses of Soong Ching Ling
望湖饭店 Lakeview Hotel (Wanghu Hotel)
颐和园 The Summer Palace
北海公园Bei Hai (North Lake) Park
鹿回头Luhuitou (turning-round deer) Scenic Spot
花港观鱼 Hua Gang Guan Yu (Viewing Fish at Flower Harbor)
泼水节Water Sprinkling Festival (a big festival for the Dai nationality to wish everyone happiness)
秦始皇Qin Shihuang, the first emperor in Chinese history who unified China in 221 B.C.。
秦朝Qin Dynasty (221B.C.-206 B.C.)
林则徐 Lin Zexu, government official of the Qing Dynasty(1636-1911) and key figure in the Opium War
春节 Spring Festival (a three-day celebration of the traditional Chinese New Year, which falls in January or February, according to cycles in the Chinese lunar calendar)

The youngest of the Rocky Mountains, the Teton Range is a spectacular sight. Enhanced by glaciers, deep canyons, snowfields, and lakes, the range shoots up suddenly, with no foothills around it.
译文：虽为落基山脉的小字辈，特顿山却器宇不凡，它拔地而起，绝壁凌空，冰川映雪地，高峡出平湖，景色蔚为壮观。

这里三千座奇峰拔地而起，形态各异，有的似玉柱神鞭，立地顶天；有的像铜墙铁壁，巍然屹立；有的如晃板垒卵，摇摇欲坠；有的如盆景古董，玲珑剔透…… 神奇而真实，迷离而又实在，不是艺术创造胜似艺术创造，令人叹为观止。
3000 crags rise in various shapes: pillars, columns, walls, shaky eggs stacks and potted landscapes…conjuring up fantastic and unforgettable images.

在四川西部，有一美妙去处，它背依岷山主峰雪宝顶，树木苍翠，花香袭人，鸟声婉转，流水潺潺，它就是松潘县的黄龙。
One of Sichuan’s finest spots is Huanglong which lies in Songpan just beneath Xuebao, the main peak of the Minshan Moutains It is a wonderland where you can enjoy exuberant trees, fragrant flowers, singing birds and bubbling streams.
远看宛如黄龙仰卧，粼光闪闪。两旁森林，全是高大云杉。林间地上，多奇花异草，或蓝或白，或红或紫，灿烂如缤纷。
Viewing from a distance, you can imagine that there’s a yellow dragon lying on the hillside, its green or blue scales shining in the sun. The dragon is flanked by tall spruce trees, beneath which there are exotic flowers and rare herbs in blue, white, red and purple. A dazzling sight, indeed!
亚龙湾最突出、最引人入胜的是她的海水和沙滩。这里湛蓝的海水清澈如镜，能见度超过10米，海底珊瑚保存完好，生活着众多形态各异、色彩缤纷的热带鱼种，是国家级珊瑚礁重点保护区，因此也成了难得的潜水胜地。亚龙湾柔软细腻的沙滩洁白如银，延伸约8公里，长度约是美国夏威夷的3倍。
The most striking view of the bay is the sea and the beach. The seawater is crystal clear, with visibility as far down as 10 meters. Under the surface are all kinds of coral and colorful tropical fish, making it an ideal destination for divers. The beach, covered with silver-white sand, extends 8 km, three times the length of the beach in Hawaii.

Chapter 6
l 对于飞机自动防故障装置的设计，只要其结构部件疲劳状态不至于危及飞机安全、缩短飞行寿命或因维修过多导致使用率和经济效益降低，那么，一般的部件疲劳是可以承受的。
Fatigue failure of structural components of an aircraft of fail-safe design is quite acceptable, providing it does not occur often enough to endanger the aircraft, reduce its service life, or reduce its utilization and economy by excessive maintenance.
l 我国人口众多和人均收入相对较低的现实国情，决定了铁路是我国大部分旅客首选的交通方式。
Railways are the top mode of transportation for most Chinese passengers. National conditions including a great population and a low average personal income are reasons for this.

l The following discussion of grease must be in general terms, because of a large number of chemical variations, processing methods, grease manufacturers, and available ingredients，and the quality range of ingredients.
l 因为润滑剂的化学变化多种多样，加工方法和制造厂商数量众多，再加之所用的辅料种类及质量不一，因此，以下对润滑剂的讨论，只能是一般性的讨论。
1.Best surface finish is provided by machining methods, especially by grinding.
用机械加工方法，特别是磨削方法，可以获得最佳表面光洁度。

l If the cover should have a crack in it, the harmful gas would come out and cause pollution.
要是盖子上有裂缝，有害气体就会泄漏而造成污染。
l Important physical properties for distinguishing one gas from another are color, odor, density, and solubility.
颜色、气味、密度和溶解度是一种气体区别于其他气体的重要物理特征。
l The form of matter made up of two or more materials not chemically combined we call mixture.
由两种或两种以上的物质组成，而非化合而成的物质形式，称为混合物。
l A thermometer put in the water can tell us the temperature of the water, but in no way does it show the amount of heat the water contains.
把温度计放入水中能测出水温，但是它无法测出水中含有的热量。
l More puzzling is the remarkable increase in incidence of the disease which has occurred since about the time of world war Ⅱ in a number of western countries where standards of hygiene were continuously improving.
第二次世界大战以来，在若干卫生条件正在不断改善的西方国家中，此病的发生率也明显增高。这一点颇使人难以理解。
Applied science is directly concerned with the application of the working laws of pure science to the practical affairs of life, and to increasing man’s control over his environment, thus leading to the development of new techniques, processes and machines.
应用科学直接涉及应用问题。它研究的是如何将纯科学的工作定律应用于实际生活、应用于加强人类对其周围环境的控制，从而导致新技术、新工艺和新机器的产生。
1. In the development of the physical sciences, we observed a rapid increase in scientific achievements after man began basing his con