2023年西南大学考博英语测试题三.doc
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1、西南大学2023年博士硕士入学考试英语考试试卷三Part l Vocabulary (10 points)Directions: In this part there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the following sentences. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. Fin
2、ding the cause of a disease will provide a _for research on a cure for it. A. prospect B. Incentive C. spur D. inducement2. Once you get to know your mistakes, you should _them as soon as possible. A. rectify B. reclaim C. refrain D. reckon3. Years after the accident he was still _by images of death
3、 and destruction. A. twisted B. haunted C. dipped D. submerged4. It is a generous and receptive intelligence that was _from attaining its full scope by bad training, poor school and lack of opportunity. A. foiled B. thwarted C. balked D. inhabited5. The head window of the car is made of safety glass
4、 that wont _if it is broken.A. shatter B. shudder C. crush D. crumple6. The mechanic jacked up the car and then _to change the tire. A. advanced B. went C. proceeded D. moved7. As I have mentioned, an important source of human stress is the _ between the demands of the individual and those of his so
5、ciety. A. splash B. smash C. crash D. clash8. From his directions, it shouldnt be difficult to _ the beach house in the map, even though you have never been there before. A. determine B. locate C. unearth D. ascertain9. His thoughts were _from this painful topic by the sudden arrival of a neighbor.
6、A. attracted B. retracted C. distracted D. protracted10. If something _, it gradually develops and changes over a period of time into something different and usually more advanced. A. revolves B. evolves C. resolves D. involves 11. A careful daily reading of the newspaper will _the reader as to what
7、 is happening. A. acquaint B. advise C. enlighten D. appreciate12. A _statement will very likely be one that appears to be convincing on the surface, but which, upon closer examination, is not so. A. reasonable B. plausible C. credible D. laudable13. Because folk art is neither completely rejected n
8、or accepted as an art form by art historians, there final evaluations of it necessarily remain _. A. arbitraryB. estimableC. unspoken D. equivocal 14. His constant attempts to _his colleagues achievement eventually caused his dismissal. A. withdrawB. diminishC. restrain D. confine 15. The age of the
9、 general practitioner is over. More end more graduates of medical schools lend to _, that is, to concentrate on limited areas of their research.A. generalizeB. rationalizeC. study D. specialize 16. I can think of nothing more _than arriving at the theater and discovering that I have left the tickets
10、 at home. A. viciousB. invitingC. vexations D. immoral17. It would be difficult for one so _to be led to believe that all men are equal and that we must disregard race, color, and creed.A. emotional B. broadminded C. tolerant D. intolerant 18. American literary historians are perhaps _to viewing the
11、ir own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness.A. prone B. legible C. incompatible D. prior19. The doctor pondered for a while, trying to recall which of several medications would be best to _the patients suffering.A. alleviate B. restrict C. decrease D. diminish20. Accordin
12、g to Plato, the most important idea is the idea of “good”. Knowledge of “geed” is the object of all inquiry, a goal to which all other things are_.A. approximate B. crucial C. subordinate D. detachedPart 2 Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: There are 6 reading passages in this part. Each p
13、assage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, you should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.With the rapid globalization of science its
14、elf (more than 40 percent of scientific Ph.D, students trained in the United States are now foreign nationals, roughly half of whom return to their countries of origin), the once undisputed U.S. scientific lead, whether relevant to product lead or not, is diminishing.The competition of foreign stude
15、nts for positions in U.S. graduate schools has also contributed to making scientific training relatively unattractive to U.S. students, because the rapidly increasing supply of students has diminished the relative rewards of this career path. For the best and brightest from low- income countries, a
16、position as a research assistant in the United States is attractive, whereas the best and brightest U.S. students might now see better options in other fields. Science and engineering careers, to the extent that they are opening up to foreign competition (whether imported or available through better
17、 communication), also seem to be becoming relatively less attractive to U.S. students.With respect to the role of universities in the innovation process, the speculative boom of the 1990s (which,among other things, made it possible to convert scientific findings into cash rather quickly)was largely
18、unexpected. The boom brought universities and their faculties into much closer contact with private markets as they tried to gain as much of the economic dividends from their discoveries as possible. For a while, he path between discoveries in basic science and new flows of hard cash was considerabl
19、y shortened. But during the next few decades, this path likely will revert toward its more traditional length and reestablish, in a healthy way, the more traditional (and more independent) relationship between the basic research done at universities and those entities that translate ideas into produ
20、cts and services.In the intervening years, another new force also greatly facilitated globalization: the rapid growth of the Internet and cheap wide-bandwidth international communication. Today, complex design activities can take place in locations quite removed from manufacturing, other business fu
21、nctions, and the consumer. Indeed, there is now ample opportunity for real-time communication between business functions that are quite independent of their specific locations. For example, software development, with all its changes and complications, can to a considerable extent be done overseas fo
22、r a U.S. customer. Foreign call centers can respond instantly to questions from thousands of miles away. The result is that low-wage workers in the Far East and in some other countries are coming into ever more direct competition with a much wider spectrum of U.S. labor: unskilled in the case of cal
23、l centers; more highly skilled in the case of programmers.21. The rapid globalization of science _.A. has led to the rapid growth of the Internet. B. has diminished the relative rewards of science and engineering careersC. has resulted in the fierce competition of scientific training in the U.S.D. h
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