语法复习时态市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件.pptx

本科英语总复习计划v1.简介题型及做题技巧(前5张)v2.套题解说v3.补充练习v4.重点练习第1页第1页题型简介及如何复习一客观题(选择90题)语音:10题5个元音所使用字母,按读音规则记忆单词词汇部分(单词短语):句型:30题20%把书本短语看熟熟悉要求语法，多做题阅读40%(4):多读有选择问题短文,练速度,找解题规律.完型填空:10%适当地做一点,练速度.第2页第2页v二主观题(书面表示):20%v多读,多背,多写v作文(100字):v找工作,学校,学习等生活中题目来练习,背2-3篇发文.第3页第3页做题技巧v一客观题(不会做就选同一字母,不要留空)v1语音:找读音不同单词,边读边找v2词汇部分语法:v找主谓宾v找短语搭配v找表示时间词(时态)v找介词(语态,搭配)v找连词(句式)第4页第4页3阅读:浏览全文,看文章首尾段/句,看4个问题和选项,看重复出现词,以便找到中心;不要字字翻译,以防影响速度.第5页第5页v阅读时不要翻译,把专有名词看着是个整体,:时间，地点，组织名,人名等v注意长难句句子结构;不会单词跳过去,通过上下文猜意思;v注意连词,关联词:v固定搭配,按意群浏览v带着问题找答案v做题时找与中心思想相关选项v注意使用排除法v找绝对意义词:only,thegreatest,none,all,every,any,seldom,never,etc.第6页第6页4完型填空:看两遍:第一遍不看选项,浏览全文,自己脑子里做一遍答案.第二遍看选项,正式做题.注意:整体性，搭配性,重复性第7页第7页二主观题(书面表示):作文(100字):理解题义,先想再写.v注意检查:v句子完整性v主谓,时态和语态一致性v拼写正确性v全文连贯性第8页第8页v1清音/浊音(响)moon/u:/d/l/r/v2词首/尾ch/k/;/t/v3ex-/ig/v4ie,ea,ee/i:/第9页第9页1A.exhaustB.exerciseC.excitementD.Example2.A.realizeB.persuadevC.recognizeD.organize3A.achieveB.friendC.fieldD.peace4A.whenB.whichC.whose D.Where5A.capitalB.nationalityC.CanadianD.perhaps第10页第10页6.A.waitB.heightC.brightD.knight7.A.walk B.worldC.nurseD.skirt8.A.hookB.good C.cookD.food9.A.dark B.guardC.warmD.cart10.A.questionB.operationC.stationD.education第11页第11页11.A.nurseB.burnC.certainD.busy12.A.tearB.bearC.hereD.wear13.A.talkB.saltC.nurseD.walk14.A.put B.pullC.pushD.pupil15.A.cleanB.hundredC.sweepD.peasant16.A.sweaterB.breakvC.breadD.breakfast第12页第12页v17.A.carryB.wrapvC.lazyD.accidentv18.A.modernB.knockC.jokeD.acrossv19.A.brush B.rushC.usualD.hurryv20.A.groundB.loudC.groupD.mouthv21.A.celebrationB.impressvC.measureD.duty第13页第13页v22.A.cornB.powderC.noisyD.northv23.A.newspaper B.practisevC.wrappedD.travelv24.A.dictionaryB.surprisevC.rideD.frightenv25.A.tripB.trickC.visitD.preferv26.A.skateB.breakvC.stareD.vocation第14页第14页练习1I_(see)neversuchaperformance.2Themother_(leave)nottheroomuntilthechildfellasleep3WhycantIsmokehere?Atnotime_inthemeeting-roomA.issmokingpermittedB.smokingispermittedC.smokingisitpermittedD.doessmokingpermit4Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_whatheatis.A.mandidknowB.manknowC.didntmanknowD.didmanknow第15页第15页v答案:v1haveneverseen;2didntleavev3issmokingpermitted4didmanknowv当否认词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中主谓须v用倒装结构。其它否认词no,little,hardly,seldom,never,notonly等。正常语序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.Notuntil句型，为倒装句=Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthev19thcentury.第16页第16页练习练习:非真实条件句非真实条件句v1Ifthey_(be)here,theywouldhelpyou.v2Ifshehadworkedharder,she_(succeed)v3Thericewouldnothavebeenburntifyou_(be)morecareful.4Ifhe_(be)notillandmissedmanyclasses,hewouldhavemadegreaterprogress.5Ifyou_(succeed)succeed,everythingwouldbeallright.第17页第17页v答案:1were2wouldhavesucceeded3hadbeen4hadnotbeen5wereto非真实条件句非真实条件句v1）时态：能够表示过去，现在和未来情况。它基本特点是时态退后。va.同现在事实相反假设。条件从句主句普通过去时should(would)+动原b.表示于过去事实相反假设。句型：条件从句主句过去完毕时should(would)have+过度词IfmylawyerhadbeenherelastSaturday,hewouldhavepreventedmefromgoing.Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit.第18页第18页v含义：Hedidnotcomeyesterday,soIdidnottellhimaboutit.=Hewasillandmissedmanylessons,sohedidnotmakegreaterprogress.vc.对未来假想条件从句主句普通过去时should+动原were+不定式would+动词原形should+动词原形Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.第19页第19页v引导名词性从句为三类：v连接词：that,whether,if不充当从句任何成份）连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.v连接副词：when,where,how,whyv不可省略连词：1.介词后连词2.引导主语从句和同位语从句连词不可省略。Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.比较：whether与if均为是否意思。但在下列情况下，whether不能被if取代：1.whether引导主语从句并在句首2.引导表语从句3.whether从句作介词宾语4.从句后有ornotWhetherhewillcomeisnotclear.第20页第20页v练习v1Theboyis_youngthathecantgotoschool.(so/such)2Heis_ayoungboythathecantgotoschoolv3Letsgooutforawalk_(unless/if)youaretootired.4Youwillbelate_youleaveimmediately.第21页第21页v答案v1so;2such3unless4unlessvsothat与suchthat之间转换既为so与such之间转换。Theboyissoyoungthathecantgotoschool.连接词主要有if,unless,as/solongas,onconditionthat等。.if引导条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语调中阐述。unless=ifnot.=Ifyouarenottootied,letsgooutforawalk.Youleaveimmediatelyoryouwillbelate.第22页第22页v练习v1Theycompletelyignorethesefacts_(if,asif)theyneverexisted.2Helooksasif(asthough)he_(hit)bylighting.v3Hestaredatmeasif_(see)meforfirsttime.v4Thewavesdashedontherocksasif_inanger.第23页第23页答案:1asif,asthough2hadbeenhit3seeing4/v引出状语从句谓语多用虚拟语调，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈说语调，表示所说情况是事实或实现也许性较大。Theycompletelyignorethesefactsasif(asthough)theyneverexisted.他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语调。）2他那样子就像被雷击了似。（与事实相反）Itlooksasiftheweathermaypickupverysoon.看来天气不久就会好起来。（实现也许性较大，谓语用陈说语调。）阐明：asif/asthough也引导一个分词短语/不定式短语或无动词短语，比如：3他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似。Heclearedhisthroatasiftosaysomething.他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似。4波涛冲击着岩石，仿佛很愤怒。第24页第24页表示时态时间状语for,just,yet,sincealready.现在时:动词时态动词时态v练习1.I_(leave)homeforschoolat7everymorning.2.Columbusprovedthattheearth_(be)round.3.I_(notwant)somuch.4.AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.5NowI_(put)thesugarinthecup.6.I_(do)myhomeworknow.第25页第25页v1.普通现在时使用办法1)经常性或习惯性动作，时间状语:every,sometimes,at,onSunday2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实,格言。ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。注意：宾语从句中，谓语也用现在时Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.3)现在时刻状态、能力、性格、个性。AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.v第5句用现在时(操作演示瞬间动作)。再如：Nowwatchme,Iswitchonthecurrentandstandback.第6句中now是进行时标志。第26页第26页未来式will,begoingto,shallv练习1Somedayadog_(come)up.2Ifyou_makeajourney,youdbetter_(get)readyforitassoonaspossible.3_you(be)athomeatseventhisevening?4What_(do)tomorrow?5Theplay_(produce)nextmonth。第27页第27页普通未来时普通未来时v1)shall用于第一人称，常被will所代替。will在陈说句中用于各人称，在争求意见时惯用于第二人称。WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst.2)begoingto+不定式，表示未来。a.主语意图，即将做某事。Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?b.计划，安排要发生事。Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。c.有迹象要发生事Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.第28页第28页v答案:will,aregoingto,get,will,areyougoingto,isgoingtobeproducedv用于条件句时，begoingto表未来will表意愿Nowifyouwilltakeoffyourclothes,wewillfitthenewclothesonyouinfrontofthemirror.vbeto表示客观安排或受人批示而做某事。begoingto表示主观打算或计划。第29页第29页v1）下列动词：come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return普通现在时表未来。表示在时间上已拟定或安排好事情。Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.Whendoesthebusstar?Itstarsintenminutes.v2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如：Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.3）在时间或条件句中。vWhenBillcomes(不是willcome),askhimtowaitforme.IllwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.Illgoformyhometownifitdoesntraintomorrow.第30页第30页练习v1He_(visit)herauntthedayhearrivesinBeijing.v2Hesaidhe_(notgive)meapresentunlessI_(succeed)indoingtheexperiment.v3Themuseum_(open)attentomorrow.第31页第31页v答案1isgoingtovisit;arrives他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。2wouldnotgive;succeed3opens博物馆明天10点开门。(事实上天天如此)v时间/条件句中，从句用普通现在时代替未来时When,while,before,after,till,once,assoonas,solongas,bythetime,if,incase(that),unless,evenif,whether,themoment,theminute,theday,theyear,immediately第2句,条件或让步主语从句中普通不用未来时。本题有Hesaid，故为过去式。主句用未来时，用普通过去式代替了过去未来时v第3句表示现在已安排好未来事项，行程等活动。第32页第32页tov.不定式+动词原型v1be+不定式表未来，按计划或正式安排将发生事。WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.2beaboutto+不定式，意为马上做某事。HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.注意：beaboutto不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确未来时时间状语连用。第33页第33页进行式be+vingv练习v1.We_(wait)foryou.v2Mr.Green_(write)anothernovel.3Theleaves_(turn)red.4Mydictionary_(lose),Ihavelookedforiteverywherebutstill_(notfind)it.5He_(love)herverymuch.6Thishouse_(belong)tomysister.7Ismybikestill_(lie)whereI_(lay)itjustnow?第34页第34页v答案:arewaiting;iswriting状态;areturning;ismissing;haventfound;loves;belongs;lying,laida.(指说话人说话时)正在发生事情。b.习惯进行：重复性动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。vSheislearningpianounderMr.Smith.vc.渐变动词：get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。Itsgettingwarmerandwarmer.d.与always,constantly,forever等词连用，表示重复发生动作或连续状态，带有说话人主观色彩。vYouarealwayschangingyourmind.第4句是一个仍在连续状态，由于没有找到，其影响仍然存在，用完毕时，瞬间动词用于否认式时可用于完毕时。第35页第35页v不用进行时动词不用进行时动词v1)事实状态动词possess,cost,owe,exist,include,contain,matter,weigh,measure,continue.vIhavetwobrothers.v2)心理状态动词Know,realize,thinksee,believe,suppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,forget,prefer,mean,understand,love,hate.vIneedyourhelp.v3)瞬间动词receive,complete,finish,give,allow,decide,refuse.Iacceptyouradvice.4)系动词remain,lie,see,hear,smell,feel,taste,get,become,turnYouseemalittletired.第36页第36页过去式v1Mybrother_(fall)whilehe_(ride)hisbicycleand_(hurt)himself.v2It_(rain)whenthey_(leave)tthestation.v3WhenI_(get)tothetopofthemountain,thesun_(shine).4Mary_adresswhenshecutherfinger.v5Asshe_thenewspaper,Granny_asleep.第37页第37页1)过去某时正在进行状态或动作答案:1fell,wasriding,hurt;2wasraining,left3got,wasshining;4wasmaking5wasreading；fellv2）过去进行时主要使用办法是描述一件事发生背景；一个长动作发生时候，另一个短动作发生。3)时间状语thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,whilev第4句割伤手指是已发生事情，用过去时。when表时间同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生背景v第5句as=when,while，当之时。描述背景时，用过去进行；在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。第38页第38页完毕时have/has+v-ed/done过去分词v比较过去时与现在完毕时比较过去时与现在完毕时v1）过去时表示过去某时发生动作，强调动作；现在完毕时为过去发生，强调过去事情对现在影响。2）过去时常与详细时间状语连用，而现在完毕时通常与模糊时间状语连用，或无时间状语。普通过去时时间状语:yesterday,lastweek，ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow,详细时间状语v共同时间状语:thismorning,tonight,thisApril,now,once，before,already,recently，lately现在完毕时时间状语for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inpastyears,always不拟定期间状语第39页第39页v练习v1I_(see)thisfilmyesterday.v2I_(see)thisfilm.v3Why_you(get)upsoearly?4Who_(nothand)inhispaper?v5He_(be)intheLeagueforthreeyears.v6He_(join)theLeaguethreeyearsago.第40页第40页答案1saw看动作发生过了。2haveseen对现在影响，电影内容已经知道了。3did起床动作已发生过了。4hasnthanded有卷子，也许为不公平竞争。5hasbeen在团内状态可延续,是团员状态可连续6joined三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。ShehasreturnedfromParis.她已从巴黎回来了。Shereturnedyesterday.她是昨天回来了。Ihavefinishedmyhomeworknow.第41页第41页v现在完毕时可表示连续到现在动作或状态，动词普通是延续性，如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.过去时惯用非连续性动词有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。第42页第42页v练习v1）在拟定过去时间里所发生动作或存在状态。Where_you(go)justnow?2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性动作。WhenI_(be)achild,Ioften_(play)footballinthestreet.v3)WhenevertheBrowns_(go)duringtheirvisit,they_(give)awarmwelcome.第43页第43页过去时:答案did,were,played,went,weregivenvYesterday,lastnight/week/month,thedaybeforeyesterday,anhourago,theotherday,in1982等。vBe=was/werevDo=did,would,went,took,camevVerb动词+ed(work=worked)vWhentheshot照片appeared,severalpeoplewerehorrifiedfortheweedwasdeadlynight-shade色调!第44页第44页v用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语调。1）动词want,hope,wonder,think,intend等。Didyouwantanythingelse?Iwonderedifyoucouldhelpme.2）情态动词could,would.Couldyoulendmeyourbike?v3)wish,wonder,think,hope等用过去时，作试探性问询、请求、提议等。Ithoughtyoumighthavesome.我认为你想要一些。第45页第45页v普通过去时表示动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。Christinewasaninvalidallherlife.(含义：她已不在人间。)Christinehasbeenaninvalidallherlife.(含义：她现在还活着)Mrs.DarbylivedinKentuckyforsevenyears.(含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)Mrs.DarbyhaslivedinKentuckyforsevenyears.(含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有也许指刚拜别)第46页第46页v指代意义决定谓语单复数指代意义决定谓语单复数v1）在代词what,which,who,none,some,any,more,most,all等词单复数由其指代词单复数决定。Allisright.(一切顺利。)Allarepresent.(所有些人都到齐了。)v2）集体名词作主语时，谓语数要依据主语意思来决定。如family,audience,crew,crowd,class,company,committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中各个组员，用单数时表示该个集体。Hisfamilyisntverylarge.他家不是一个大家庭。Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.他家人都是音乐兴趣者。第47页第47页v但集合名词people,police,cattle,poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。Arethereanypolicearound?3）有些名词，如variety,number,population,proportion,majority等有时看作单数，有时v看作复数。Anumberof+名词复数+复数动词。Thenumberof+名词复数+单数动词。Anumberofbookshavelentout.ThemajorityofthestudentslikeEnglish.第48页第48页vShereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_onabigrockbythesideofthepath.A.tohaverestedvB.restingvC.torestvD.rest第49页第49页Stoptodo/stopdoingvstoptodo停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。stopdoing停止做某事。Theystoptosmokeacigarette.v他们停下来，抽了根烟。Imuststopsmoking.v我必须戒烟了。答案：C。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边大石头上休息。因此，应选择stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事。而不但仅是爬山动作终止，因此stopdoingsth.不正确。第50页第50页vremember doing/to dovremembertodo记得去做某事(未做)rememberdoing记得做过某事(已做)Remembertogotothepostofficeafterschool.记着放学后去趟邮局。Dontyourememberseeingthemanbefore?你不记得以前见过那个人吗?第51页第51页try doing/to dovtrytodo努力，企图做某事。trydoing试验，试着做某事。Youmusttrytobemorecareful.你可要多加小心。Itriedgardeningbutdidntsucceed.我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。go on doing/to dovgoontodo做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。goondoing继续做本来做事。Afterhehadfinishedhismaths，hewentontodohisphysics.做完数学后，他接着去做物理。Goondoingtheotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.作完这个练习后，接着做其它练习第52页第52页