数控专业英语省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

Unit 1Part One科技英语特点(Language features of EST）第1页.简述：数控专业技术英语是一门建立在数控知识基础和英语能力利用应用类课程。目标是在培养学生对于专业英语听、说、读、写、译能力。我们在课堂上将会学习数控相关专业词汇、文章以及科技文件翻译技巧。科技类文章是我们在以往英语学习中极少遇见。但它一样也是我们在走向工作岗位后接触最多一个应用英语。产品说明书、国外相关专业资料介绍以及和对外贸易洽谈都离不开专业英语应用。第2页.科技英语特点：v任何作品都有其特定文体；每一文体有其对应特点。科技问题崇尚严谨周密，概念准确，逻辑性强，行文简练，重点突出，句式严整，少有改变，惯用前置性陈说，即在句中将主要信息尽可能前置，经过主语传递主要信息。v科技文章文体特点是：客观（objectivity）、清楚（accuracy）、准确、精练（conciseness）、严密。现在我们就详细介绍几个科技英语语言特点。第3页v专业词汇多：科技英语是专业性很强文体，牵涉到很多专业性概念。所以也会出现很多专业性词汇。科技英语中专业词汇我们能够分为两种。一个是纯粹专业词汇只有在专业性文章中才会出现，比如：lathe n.车床；diode n.二极管。另一类是在我们已经学过普通英语中经惯用到，很多英语词汇在普通英语和科技英语中含义在表示时差异很大。比如 Talk-show is a TV program.program n.节目第4页 The computer has been programmed.program v.计算机编程 There is a way for the operator to override the rapid rate during program verification.程序调试过程中给操作者提供了修调快进速度方法。override在普通英语中是“践踏，代理佣金”意思，而在数控技术中经常指“倍率，修调”意思。像这么专业词汇很多，只有经过大量识记和阅读本专业文件，才能很好掌握。第5页v广泛使用被动语句：v科技英语中谓语最少三分之一是被动语态。这是应为科技文章侧重叙事推理，强调客观事实。为了强调所叙述客观事物，常把他放在句子首位。vAfter the programming work is completed,CNC operators perform the necessary machining operations.v编程工作完成以后，数控操作员就进行必须加工操作。vWe can store electrical energy in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium.We call such a device a capacitor,or a condenser,and its ability to store electrical energy capacitance.We measure capacitance in farads.第6页v我们可将电能储存在由一绝缘介质隔开两块金属极板内。我们称这么装置为电容器，称其储存电能能力为电容。我们使用方法拉为单位来测量电容。v不难看出，上面短文中三句主语均为we。所包含信息既少，又累赘重复，佶屈聱牙。科技文章极少采取这种写法。vElectrical energy can be stored in two metal plates separated by an insulation medium.Such a device is called a capacitor,or a condenser,and its ability to store electrical energy is termed capacitance.It is measured in farads.v电能可储存在由一绝缘介质隔开两块金属极板内。这么装置称之为电容器，其储存电能能力称为电容。电容测量单位是法拉。v这段话，四个主语完全不一样，防止了单调重复，前后连贯，自然流畅。第7页v非谓语动词利用：v科技文章要求行文简练，结构紧凑。为此，往往使用分词短语代替定语从句或状语从句；使用不定式短语代替各种从句；这么可缩短句子，又比较醒目。vA direct current is a current which flows always in the same direction.vA direct current is a current flowing always in the same direction.v直流电是一个总是沿同一方向流动电流。vThere are different ways in which we can change energy from one form into another.vThere are different ways of changing energy from one from into another.v将能量从一个形式转变成另一个形式有不一样方法。第8页v复杂长句多：v为了表述一个复杂概念，使之逻辑严密，结构紧凑，科技文章中往往出现许多长句。有长句多达七八十个词。vIn addition,growing connectivity between CAD/CAM software and CNC machine tools is raising productivity by automatically translating designs into instructions for the computer controller on the machine tool.v另外，CAD/CAM 软件与数控机床之间联络日益紧密，CAD/CAM软件能自动将设计结果翻译成机床计算机控制器能接收指令，这大大提升了生产率。第9页 .怎样学习科技英语 1.掌握一定专业基础。2.切记本专业惯用名词词组和专业词汇。machine tools 机床第10页vIn the 13 years since the founding of the third generation collective leadership with Mr.Jiang Zemin at the core,China has made remarkable achievements in reform and opening up.The Central Party Committee has held high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory,implemented the thought of Three Representations,followed the path of building socialism with Chinese characteristics,and taken a host of important decisions on advancing in an all-round manner the reform and opening up program and socialist modernization drive.A series of historic changes have taken place in Chinas economic and social life.第11页v v v 以江泽民同志为关键党第三代中央领导集体形成以来，党中央高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，落实“三个代表”主要思想，坚持走中国特色社会主义道路，对全方面推进改革开放和社会主义当代化建设做出了一系列重大决议，我国改革开放和当代化建设取得了举世瞩目标伟大成就。第12页 3.学会从语法上分析句子结构。4.课前必须预习课文。第13页Unit 1Part B.Text What Computer-Control Programmers and Operators Do第14页.Leading-inv CNC special English is an important course for CNC students.It helps the students to learn CNC related technical terms and teach them how to read and catch the main idea when they are reading a CNC English articles.Whats more,to teach them some translation skills on translating the CNC English article into Chinese and the Chinese into English.第15页.New Words1.programmer n.编程员 program n.&v.程序 The computer has been programmed.2.autoloader n.自动装卸装置 auto pref.自动；load v.装卸3.automobile n.汽车 automobile show 车展 cf.car 惯用在口语中第16页4.solid n.固体 Butter is a solid.5.lubricate v.给上润滑油，使润滑 lubricate the wheels,bearings,hinges lubricant n.润滑油，润滑剂6.inclined adj.倾向与；喜爱 I feel inclined to go out for dinner today.I am inclined to believe in you.第17页.Detail Sputerized numerical control(CNC)计算机数字控制 2.CNC machines include machining tools such as lathes,multiaxis spindles,milling machines,and electrical discharge machines(EDM),but the functions formerly performed by human operators are performed by a computer-control module.数控（CNC）机床包含车床、多轴机床、铣床和电火花机床（EDM），只不过以前由人工完成功效现在由计算机控制模块完成。第18页3.a block of（木、石、金属等）大块 a block of concrete 一块混凝土砌块 CNC machines cut away material from a solid block of metal,plastic,or glass-known as a workpiece-to form a finished part.数控机车从整块金属、塑料或玻璃实体（实为工件）上切除材料，形成成品件。第19页5.small batches or one-of-a-kind items.6.meet v.满足（要求等）；符合 meet sb.s wishes,conditions,needs,etc Can we meet all their conditions?7.They use their knowledge of the working properties of metals and their skill with CNC programming to design and carry out the operations needed to make machined products that meet precise specifications.第20页 他们利用其金属材料特征方面知识和数控编程方面技能进行设计和加工，制造满足要求机加工产品。needed 为过去分词，作后置定语，修饰products第21页8.refer to sb./sth.提到、说到或包括到某人 When I said some people are stupid,I wasnt referring to you.Dont refer to this matter again,please.9.process control programmers 工艺控制编程员10.Before CNC programmers also referred to as numerical tool and process control programmers machine a part,they must carefully plan and prepare the operation.第22页 在数控编程员（也称作数控刀具和工艺控制编程员）加工零件之前，他们必须对整个加工过程进行仔细规格和准备。11.three-dimensional 三维puter aided/automated design(CAD)计算机辅助设计13.select sb./sth.(as sth.)v.选择，挑选，选拔 select a gift,candidate,wine We selected him as the team leader.第23页14.sequence n.先后次序；次序 Dont make the cards out of sequence.Keep them in sequence.describe the sequence of events deal with events in historical sequence 15.They then select tools and materials for the job and plan the sequence of cutting and finishing operations.然后他们选择适当刀具和材料，制订粗加工和精加工操作次序。16.a set of 一套，一组，一副 a set of tools,a set of regulations They are facing a set of problems.第24页17.function v.work 起作用，运转 His brain seems to be functioning normally.18.costly adj.costing much 昂贵，造价高 She bought a costly fur coat yesterday.19.cutting tools 刀具 20.trial run 试运行 In addition,growing connectivity between CAD/CAM software and CNC machine tools is raising productivity by automatically translating designs into instructions for the computer controller on the machine tool.第25页 另外，CAD/CAM软件能自动将设计结果翻译成机床计算机控制器能接收指令，这大大提升了生产率。第26页21.enable v.使（某人）能做某事 This pass enables me to travel half-price on trains.我用这张通行证坐火车半价。22.server n.服务器23.problematic adj.难处理；难了解；疑难 （尤指结果）难以预料；有疑问；令人不解24.account for sth.作某物解释；解释某事物原因 His illness accounts for his absence.他因病缺席。Please account for your disgraceful conduct.对你可耻行为请作解释。第27页25.generate v.使（某物）存在或发生；产生；generate heat,electricity,power26.nature n.性质 Chemists study the nature of gases.He knows nothing of the nature of my work.27.apprenticeship n.学徒身份 serve an/ones apprenticeship with a carpenter 跟木匠当学徒 apprentice n.学徒，徒弟 an apprentice plumber 见习铅管工人第28页28.Person interested in becoming computer-control programmers or operators should be mechanically inclined and able to work independently and do highly accurate work.有意成为数控编程员或操作员者必须主修机械专业，而且能独立工作，完成非常精细工作。29.prior to 在 之前 We received no notification prior to todays date.我们在今日之前未获通知。30.advance v.促进（某事物）；推进（某人、计划等）Such condition is unlikely to advance your interests.第29页31.promote sb.(to sth.)提升、晋级或擢升某人 He was promoted to manager.The football team was promoted to the first division.32.supervisory n.监察员；监督人；指导者；指导者33.administrative adj.行政；管理公共事物 an administrative position34.due to sth./sb.由某人（某事物）引发来；因为某人（某事物）The teams success was largely due to her efforts.第30页35.to be expected 可能发生；相当正常 A little tiredness after taking these drugs is to be expected.It is only to be expected your son will leave home eventually.36.expect v.料想为（某事物）；认为；猜测 “Who has eaten the cake?”“Tom,I expected it was Tom.第31页37.boost v.增加（某事物）力量；提升（某事物）价值；促进（某人/某事物）boost an electric current 增加电流 boost imports,share prices etc.增加进口、提升股票价格 The unexpected win boosted the teams morale.第32页38.The demand for computer-control programmers will be negatively affected by the increasing use of software that automatically translates part and product designs into CNC machine tool instructions.能将零件和产品设计自动转换成数控机床指令软件日益应用，将对计算机编程员需求产生负面影响。第33页.ExercisePage 6 1.2.3.第34页Unit Four Part A Know Your Machine 第35页.New Words:1.machine tools 机床机床2.utilize v.利用，使用利用，使用 We utilize solar power as a source of energy.我们利用太阳能作为能源。我们利用太阳能作为能源。3.construct v.建造，结构；建造，结构；construct a bridge/a railway 建造桥梁，铁路建造桥梁，铁路 construct a theory 建立理论建立理论 construct a budget编制预算编制预算 制造，编造制造，编造 construct a lie 编造谎言编造谎言第36页4.regarding prep.关于 I have to speak to him regarding this matter.关于这件事，我得和他谈谈。5.manual a.&n.手动；手册；说明书 manual skills 手艺 a teachers manual 教师手册 activate v.激活,开启 activated by self motives 在自私动机驱动下第37页6.sync n.同时 The films sound-track is out of sync/not in sync with the picture.这部影片声迹与图像不一样时。第38页.Detail Study 1.conventional adj.约定俗成，因循守旧，传统；2.The first goal of any CNC beginner should be to understand the basic machining practice that goes into using the CNC machine tool.The more the beginning CNC user knows about basic machining practice,the easier it will be to adapt to CNC.the more the easier 越越 第39页 数控初学者第一个目标是了解数控机床使用过程中所需要基本机械加工实践，初学者对基本机械加工实践知道越多，则越轻易适应数控加工。第40页3.adaptto 使适应 She adapted quickly to the new climate.她很快就适应了新气候。4.think of sth.考虑某物5.It will be a relatively simple matter of learning how to tell the CNC machine what it is you want it to do.学习怎样告诉数控机床你要做事（学习编程）是一件相对简单事情。第41页6.overstressed 7.RPM=Revolution Per Minute8.cut-off point 截止点9.house power 马力10.linear axes 直线轴第42页11.CNC controls that utilize a reference point for each axis require that the machine be manually sent it its reference point in each axis as part of the power up procedure.各轴采取参考点数控系统需要手动将机床各轴返回参考点，这是上电过程必不可少部分。这里require后跟从句为虚拟语气，以suggest,insist,demand,recommend,command,require,desire,propose等动词为主句时，从句需要用虚拟语气，使用动词原形或should+动词原形。第43页12.power up 上电13.zero return position 回零位置14.the grid zero position 栅格位置15.home position 原点位置16.probing systems 探头测量系统第44页17.tool length measuring devices 刀具长度测量系统18.post process gaging systems 后处理测量系统19.automatic pallet changers 自动托盘交换装置20.adaptive control system 自适应控制系统21.bar feeders 棒料第45页22.With low cost CNC equipment,often times many machine functions must be manually activated.很多机床多数时候必须用手动方式激活。23.With this type of machine functions,the spindle speed and direction,coolant and tool changes may have to be activated manually by the operator.有这种功效机床，它主轴运动速度和运动方向，冷却液和刀具更换就不得不由操作员手工激活。第46页24.The third area a beginning CNC user should address is related to other possible additions to the basic machine tool itself.CNC初学者应该关注第三个方面是与机床附件相关内容。25.The actual programming commands needed will also vary from builder to builder.实际所需编程指令也随制造厂家不一样而不一样。这里needed是过去分词作后置定语。第47页Unit 4 Part B 科技英语翻译小技巧 第48页Lead-in 译文应忠于原文，准确地、完整地表示原文内容。译文语言必须符合规格、符合译文民族语言习惯；要用民族、科学、大众语言来表示原文思想内容，以求“通顺、准确、易懂”。尤其是准确，他是科技翻译灵魂。这就要求翻译者应具备相关行业专业知识、熟悉行业术语，利用逻辑判断，才能取得准确译文。第49页 翻译步骤1.快速通读全文，取得大意2.确定关键词在本专业中含义。3.副词、介词、定语成份先不急翻译，写下各分句主干成份汉字意思4.依据其它成份含义，添加文章中补充说明部分。5.读几编，看是否通顺、易于了解，并符合汉语表示习惯。6.修改，定稿第50页 注意事项 1.翻译专业英语，一定要结合自己专业知识（选词），提炼其中含义，翻译成即符合汉语习惯，同时又符合本行业术语习惯文字。Common uses for rapid motion include positioning the tool to and from cutting positions,moving to clear clamps and other obstructions,and in general,any non-cutting motion during the program.第51页 快速运动应该包含进刀于退刀，跳过夹具和其它障碍物，以及程序中任何非切削运动。2.对并列内容翻译，注意文中排比。rough machining and semi-finishing of the material in its soft condition heat treatment to achieve the final required hardness=63HRC第52页 在软（退火）工况下材料粗加工和半精加工 到达最终硬度要求为HRC63热处理3.惯用译法结构注意。4.掌握惯用专业词汇汉字表示法。如：backlash（反向间隙），ball screw（滚珠丝杠）5.在了解英文意思基础上适当进行润色。第53页 HomeworkReview the lesson第54页Unit 10 Part B 用户说明书阅读 第55页Lead-in 在使用外国生产新设备之前，应该仔细阅读说明书。方便能正确操作机床。第56页 用户说明书特点1.文句简短、扼要。2.内容严格按照使用和维修时先后次序编排章节，并给出醒目标标题及不一样序号。3.作参考用附图和附表比较多4.惯用到很多组合词，翻译时注意与实际结合。第57页 用户说明书特点1.序2.目录3.正文4.附录第58页Unit 11 Part AMaintenance and Troubleshooting第59页.Leading-in The required specifications must be followed in order to keep the machine in good working order and protect the warranty.A pattern for servicing the CNC should be followed in,first,determining the problems source and second,solving the problem.Maintenance and troubleshooting is an important part of an operators daily work.As in most of the machine builders manual,there are certain parts on machines maintenance and troubleshooting.So it is important for us to know the basis words and terms about it.第60页.New words1.fluid n.切削液2.gearbox n.变速箱 gear 齿轮3.moral n.是非标准4.troubleshouting 处理问题5.way lube 导轨润滑油6.lubrication tank 润滑油箱第61页 Detail Study 1.horizontal MC=horizontal machining center horizontal adj.水平，与地平线平行 2.warranty n.确保书，担保 Your warranty is expired.保修期已经过了。第62页3.way cover 导轨防护罩4.tool changer 换刀装置5.spindle taper 主轴轴孔6.rag 布毯7.filter regulator 过滤调整器8.chip basker第63页9.These required specifications must be followed in order to keep your machine in good working order and protect your warranty.为了使机床工作正常，保护保修权利，必须恪守这些必要规范。10.Be careful to disconnect the coolant pump from the controller and power off the control before working on the coolant tank.第64页 注意要关闭冷却液泵，处理冷却箱前要切断数控系统电源。11.Place a dab of grease on the outside edge of the fingers of the tool changer and run through all tool.涂少许油脂于换刀装置机械手外边缘，并对全部刀具都用机械手换一遍。第65页12.There is a good chance that if you change something,you will incorrectly install it or break something else in the process.假如在维修过程中修改参数，线路等，很可能引发安装错误或破坏其它元件。13.Check all hoses and lubrication lines for cracking.检验全部软管和润滑管路是否破裂第66页14.Solutions given are intended to give the individual servicing the CNC a pattern to follow in,first,determining the problems source and,second,solving the problem.以下提出处理方法用于给数控机床维修人员提供了一个可遵照模式：首先，确定问题根源，其次，处理问题。solution given中given是过去分词作后置定语：servicing the CNC修饰the individual.第67页 HomeworkReview the terms of this text.第68页Unit 11Part BRsum第69页Lead-in 现在许多单位都希望应聘者有比较扎实英文基础，尤其是外企和涉外交往比较多单位，一份漂亮英文简历会帮助你给用人单位留下很好印象。刚才走出校园学生因为工作经验极少，写不出太多东西。第70页 那么怎样把英文简历写得丰满一些呢？在里给同学们提出了一些小技巧：如在教育背景中写相关课程（但也不要刻意凑字数）；把社会工作放在工作经历中；突出自己社会实践经历等；另外还要防止一些无须要错误和不利原因。并不能因为你工作经历和学历都很硬就不在简历上下功夫，世界很大，不乏工作经历和学历都很好应聘者，除了靠背景竞争外，就要看谁简历写得更专业了。所以，不能对简历仓促而就。下面我们就怎样书写英文求职信及个人简历进行讲授。第71页 写法1.求职信：APPLICATIONDear Sir or Madam:Please excuse me for taking some of your time with this unexpected letter.My interest in the position of English teacher in your college has prompted me to forward my resume for your review a consideration.第72页 I would welcome an opportunity to have a personal interview with you for a further discussion of my qualifications and your needs.Thank you for your time and consideration.Respectfully yours,第73页2.简历ResumeName:Gender:Female/maleData of Birth:September 9th,1987 Native place:Hengyang,Hunan ProvinceHeight:160cmNationality:Han nationalityHealth:Excellent第74页Marital Status:SingleMajor:Computerize numerical controlDegree:Bachelor degreeEnglish Abil