2023年大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总.doc
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1、三级语法考点归纳一 虚拟语气1. if 句中虚拟形式if 引导非真实条件句(纯粹假设或发生也许性不大):条件 从句 主句与目前相反 did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与未来相反 did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与过去相反 had done would/ should/ might/ could have done例句If we left (leave) now,we should arrive in time.If they hadnt gone on vacation,their h
2、ouse wouldnt have been broken (break) into.2. 原形虚拟:a. 表命令、决定、规定、提议等词语之后that-分句中,用动词原形。suggest,demand,advise,propose,order,arrange,insist,command,require,request,desire that (should) do例如 He suggested that we should leave early. My suggestion is that we should tell him.b. It is (was) 形容词/名词that (shou
3、ld) do/例如 It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3. 某些句型中虚拟形式:1. Its (high,about,the first,etc.) time (that) 动词过去时 例如 Its time we left. 例如 It is time we went to bed.2 would rather/sooner 宁愿 as if/ though 仿佛would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时 与目前或者未来相反as if/ though 谓语用过去完毕时 与过去相反4练习1.
4、 I _ try it again if I_you.A. will; am B. should; am C. would; were D. would; had been2. If it _ not for the water, the plants _live.A. were; would not B. is; could not C. were; could D. did; could not3. If I _ that chance to show my ability,I _the president of this school.A. have not had; could not
5、 become B. had not had; would not have become C. did not have; could not become D. doesnt have; will not become4. He _ by that burglar if you _ to save him.A. might have been killed; hadnt come B. will be killed; didnt comeC. may be killed; didt come D. could be killed; havent come5. If it _for your
6、 help, I _that hard time with so little money.A. were not; would not spend B. is not; can not spendC. had not been; would not have spent D. have not been; will not spend6. Where _ you go if war _?A. will; breaks out B. do; will break outC. would; were to break out D. will; is to break out7. She wish
7、es she _ that humiliating thing.A. doesnt do B. didnt do C. havent done D. hadnt done8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _ put off.A. can be B. be C. is D. will be9. It is vital that he _ immediately.A. should go B. must go C. goes D. went 10. It is time we _do our homework.A. begin to B. can
8、 begin to C. began to D. will begin to答案:1.选C。体现与目前事实相反假设(指目前假设) (译文;假如我是你,我会再试一次)2选A。体现与目前事实相反假设(指目前假设)。(译文:要是没有水,植物就不能存活。)3. 选B。体现与过去事实相反假设。4 A。体现与过去事实相反假设。(译文:要不是你来救她,她早就被那个窃贼杀了。)5. C。与过去事实相反假设。(译:要没有你帮忙,我那点儿钱是无法度过那段艰难岁月。)6.选C。体现与未来事实相反假设。(译文:要是战争爆发了,你会上哪儿去?)7.选D。虚拟语气用于宾语从句。(译文:她真但愿自己没有做过那件丢脸事情。)
9、8. 选B。虚拟语气用于体现“提议”等意义动词后。(译文:主席提议会议延期举行。)9. 选A。虚拟语气用于主语从句(It is was + 形容词 + that 引导分句)。10. 选C。虚拟语气用于定语从句It is time (that).句型。(译文:咱们该开始做作业了。)二动词时态1. 各个时态动词基本变形一般目前时be(is,am,are) do/does目前进行时be (is/am/are)+ doing目前完毕时have/has done目前完毕进行时have/has been doing一般过去时was/weredid过去进行时was/were doing过去完毕时had do
10、ne过去完毕进行时had been doing 一般未来时will do 未来进行时will do 未来完毕will have done未来完毕进行时will have been doing一般过去未来时would do 过去未来进行时would be doing过去未来完毕时would have done过去未来完毕进行时would have been doing 2. 时间状语与动词时态搭配一定期态往往和一定期间状语连用。always ,usually,sometimes, 一般目前时 do/does am is arelast week,yesterday,a few days ago
11、一般过去时 did was/ were next week,tomorrow,in a week,this year 一般未来时 will donow,at present,at this moment 目前进行时 be +doingso far,up to now,by the time,since主句 目前完毕时 has/have done3. 练习,用动词恰当形式填空1. He _ (be) eighteen next year.2. It _ (rain) every day so far this month.3. Mozart _ (write) more than 600 pie
12、ces of music.4. If it _ (rain) tomorrow,well have to stay at home.5. How fast _ he _ (drive) when the accident happened?6. By the time Mr. Smith left school,he _ (teach) that course for twenty-five years.7. Perhaps he _ (finish) reading the book by this time tomorrow.1. 填will be。 next year为体现未来时态时间状
13、语 2. 填has rained。so far是“到目前为止”意思,常和目前完毕时搭配使用。3. 填wrote。Mozart (莫扎特)是已去世音乐家,故应使用过去时。4. 填rains。在条件状语从句中,要用一般目前时体现未来发生事情。5. 填was.driving。 体现过去某一时刻发生动作要用过去进行时。6. 填had taught。句中有by the time Mr. Smith left school,主语谓语应用过去完毕时。7. 填will have finished。 句中有by this time tomorrow,主语谓语应用未来完毕时。三 动词被动语态1. 各个时态被动语态
14、时态一般目前时目前进行时一般过去时过去进行时一般未来时过去未来时目前完毕时过去完毕时目前完毕进行时未来完毕时积极doam/is/are doingdidwas/were doingwilldowould dohas/have donehad donehas/have been doingwill have done被动am/is/are doneam/is/are being donewas/were donewas/were being donewill be donewould be donehas/have been donehad been donewill have been don
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