2023年大学英语四级6月真题.doc

机密★启用前

大 学 英 语 四 级 考 试
COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST
— Band Four —
(4VZSH2)
试 题 册
◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇◇
敬 告 考 生
一、在答题前，请认真完毕如下内容：
1. 请检查试题册背面条形码粘贴条、答题卡旳印刷质量，如有问题及时向监考员反应，确认无误后完毕如下两点规定。
2. 请将试题册背面条形码粘贴条揭下后粘贴在答题卡1旳条形码粘贴框内，并将姓名和准考证号填写在试题册背面对应位置。
3. 请在答题卡1和答题卡2指定位置用黑色签字笔填写准考证号、姓名和学校名称，并用HB—2B铅笔将对应准考证号旳信息点涂黑。
二、在考试过程中，请注意如下内容：
1. 所有题目必须在答题卡上规定位置作答，在试题册上或答题卡上非规定位置旳作答一律无效。
2. 请在规定期间内在答题卡指定位置依次完毕作文、听力、阅读、翻译各部分考试，作答作文期间不得翻阅该试题册。听力录音播放完毕后，请立即停止作答，监考员将立即回收答题卡1，得到监考员指令后方可继续作答。
3. 作文题内容印在试题册背面，作文题及其他主观题必须用黑色签字笔在答题卡指定区域内作答。
4. 选择题均为单项选择题，错选、不选或多选将不得分，作答时必须使用HB—2B铅笔在答题卡上对应位置填涂，修改时须用橡皮擦净。
三、如下状况按违规处理：
1. 不对旳填写（涂）个人信息，错贴、不贴、毁损条形码粘贴条。
2. 未按规定翻阅试题册、提前阅读试题、提前或在收答题卡期间作答。
3. 未用所规定旳笔作答、折叠或毁损答题卡导致无法评卷。
全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会
4. 考试期间在非听力考试时间佩戴耳机。

Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

Section A
Directions:
In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

1. A) The self-driving system was faulty. C) The man in the car was absent-minded.
B) The car was moving at a fast speed. D) The test driver made a wrong judgment.
2. A) They have generally done quite well.
B) They have caused several severe crashes.
C) They have posed a threat to other drivers.
D) They have done better than conventional cars.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

3. A) He is a queen bee specialist. C) He removed the bees from the boot.
B) He works at a national park. D) He drove the bees away from his car.
4. A) They were making a lot of noise. C) They were dancing in a unique way.
B) They were looking after the queen. D) They were looking for a new box to live in.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

5. A) The latest test on a rare animal species. C) The second trip to a small remote island.
B) The finding of two new species of frog. D) The discovery of a new species of snake.
6. A) He fell from a tall palm tree by accident.
B) A snake crawled onto his head in his sleep.
C) He discovered a rare frog on a deserted island.
D) A poisonous snake attacked him on his field trip.
7. A) From its origin. C) From its colour.
B) From its length. D) From its genes.
Section B
Directions:
In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

8. A) The airport is a long way from the hotel. C) He has to check a lot of luggage.
B) His flight is leaving in less than 2 hours. D) The security check takes time.
9. A) In cash. C) With his smart phone.
B) By credit card. D) With a traveler’s check.
10. A) Look after his luggage. C) Give him a receipt.
B) Find a porter for him. D) Confirm his flight.
11. A) Posting a comment on the hotel’s webpage.
B) Staying in the same hotel next time he comes.
C) Signing up for membership of Sheraton Hotel.
D) Loading her luggage onto the airport shuttle.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12. A) He becomes tearful in wind. C) He is his teacher’s favorite student.
B) He is the only boy in his family. D) He has stopped making terrible faces.
13. A) Warm him of danger by making up a story.
B) Give him some cherry stones to play with.
C) Do something funny to amuse him.
D) Tell him to play in her backyard.
14. A) They could knock people unconscious. C) They could sometimes terrify adults.
B) They could fly against a strong wind. D) They could break people’s legs.
15. A) One would have curly hair if they ate too much stale bread.
B) One would go to prison if they put a stamp on upside down.
C) One would have to shave their head to remove a bat in their hair.
D) One would get a spot on their tongue if they told a lie deliberately.
Section C
Directions:
In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) Everything seemed to be changing.
B) People were formal and disciplined.
C) People were excited to go traveling overseas.
D) Things from the Victorian era came back alive.
17. A) Watching TV at home. C) Drinking coffee.
B) Meeting people. D) Trying new foods.
18. A) He was interested in stylish dresses.
B) He was able to make a lot of money.
C) He was a young student in the 1960s.
D) He was a man full of imagination.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. A) They avoid looking at him. C) They show anger on their faces.
B) They run away immediately. D) They make threatening sounds.
20. A) It turns to its owner for help. C) It looks away and gets angry too.
B) It turns away to avoid conflict. D) It focuses its eyes on their mouths.
21. A) By observing their facial features carefully.
B) By focusing on a particular body movement.
C) By taking in their facial expressions as a whole.
D) By interpreting different emotions in different ways.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) They have to look for food and shelter underground.
B) They take little notice of the changes in temperature.
C) They resort to different means to survive the bitter cold.
D) They have difficulty adapting to the changed environment.
23. A) They gave their weight reduced to the minimum.
B) They consume energy stored before the long sleep.
C) They can maintain their heart beat at the normal rate.
D) They can keep their body temperature warm and stable.
24. A) By staying in hiding places and eating very little.
B) By seeking food and shelter in people’s houses.
C) By growing thicker hair to stay warm.
D) By storing enough food beforehand.
25. A) To stay safe. C) To keep company.
B) To save energy. D) To protect the young.

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A
Directions:
In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

The method of making beer has changed over time. Hops (啤酒花) , for example, which give many a modern beer its bitter flavor, are a 112611 recent addition to the beverage. This was first mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a 112711 ingredient in residue (残留物) from 5000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While digging two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered fragments from pots and vessels. The different shapes of the containers 112811 they were used to brew, filter, and store beer. They may be ancient “beer-making tools,” and the earliest 112911 evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To 113011 that theory, the team examined the yellowish, dried 113111 inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80%, were from central crops like barley (大麦) , and about 10% were bits of roots, 113211 lily, which would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists say. Barley was an unexpected find: the crop was domesticated in Western Eurasia and didn’t become a 113311 food in central China until about 2,000 years ago, according to the researchers. Based on that timing, they indicate barley may have 113411 in the region not as food, but as 113511 material for beer brewing.

A) arrived
B) consuming
C) direct
D) exclusively
E) including
F) inform
G) raw
H) reached
I) relatively
J) remains
K) resources
L) staple
M) suggest
N) surprising
O) test

Section B
Directions:
In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Indentify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

The Blessing and Curse of the People Who Never Forget

A handful of people can recall almost every day of their lives in enormous detail—and after years of research, neuroscientists are finally beginning to understand how they do it.

[A] For most of us, memory is a mess of blurred and faded pictures of our lives. As much as we would like to cling on to our past, even the saddest moments can be washed away with time.
[B] Ask Nima Veiseh what he was doing for any day in the past 15 years, however, and he will give you the details of the weather, what he was wearing, or even what side of the train he was sitting on his journey to work. “My memory is like a library of video tapes, walk-throughs of every day of my life from walking to sleeping,” he explains.
[C] Veiseh can even put a date on when those tapes started recording: 15 December 2023, when he met his first girlfriend at his best friend’s 16th birthday party. He had always had a good memory, but the thrill of young love seems to have shifted a gear in his mind: from now on, he would start recording his whole life in detail. “I could tell you everything about every day after that.”
[D] Needless to say, people like Veiseh are of great interest to neuroscientists (神经科学专家) hoping to understand the way the brain records our lives. A couple of recent papers have finally opened a window on these people’s extraordinary minds. And such research might even suggest ways for us all to relieve our past with greater clarity.
[E] ‘Highly superior autobiographical memory’ (or HSAM for short), first came to light in the early 2023s, with a young woman named Jill Price. Emailing the neuroscientist and memory researcher Jim McGaugh one day, she claimed that she could recall every day of her life since the age of 12. Could he help explain her experiences?
[F] McGaugh invited her to his lab, and began to test her: he would give her a date and ask her to tell him about the world events on that day. True to her word, she was correct almost every time.
[G] It didn’t take long for magazines and documentary film-makers to come to understand her “total recall”, and thanks to the subsequent media interest, a few dozen other subjects (including Veiseh) have since come forward and contacted the team at the University of California, Irvine.
[H] Interestingly, their memories are highly self-centered: although they can remember “autobiographical” life events in extraordinary detail, they seem to be no better than average at recalling impersonal information, such as random (任意选用旳) lists of words. Nor are they necessarily better at remembering a round of drinks, say. And although their memories are vast, they are still likely to suffer from “false memories.” Clearly, there is no such thing as a “perfect” memory—their extraordinary minds are still using the same flawed tools that the rest of us rely on. The question is, how?
[I] Lawrence Patihis at the University of Southern Mississippi recently studied around 20 people with HSAM and found that they scored particularly high on two measures: fantasy proneness (倾向) and absorption. Fantasy proneness could be considered a tendency to imagine and daydream, whereas absorption is the tendency to allow your mind to become fully absorbed in an activity—to pay complete attention to the sensations (感受) and the experiences. “I’m extremely sensitive to sounds, smells and visual detail,” explains Nicole Donohue, who has taken part in many of these studies. “I definitely feel things more strongly than the average person.”
[J] The absorption helps them to establish strong foundations for recollection, says Patihis, and the fantasy proneness means that they revisit those memories again and again in the coming weeks and months. Each time this initial memory trace is “replayed”, it becomes even stronger. In some ways, you probably go through that process after a big event like your wedding day—but the differences is that thanks to their other psychological tendencies, the HSAM subjects are doing it day in, day out, for the who of their lives.
[K] Not everyone with a tendency to fantasise will develop HSAM, though, so Patihis suggests that something must have caused them to think so much about their past. “Maybe some experience in their childhood meant that they became obsessed (着迷) with calendars and what happened to them,” says Patihis.
[L] The people with HSAM I’ve interviewed would certainly agree that it can be a mixed blessing. On the plus side, it allows you to relive the most transformative and enriching experiences. Veiseh, for instance, travelled a lot in his youth. In his spare time, he visited the local art galleries, and the paintings are now lodged deep in his autobiographical memories.
[M] “Imagine being able to remember every painting, on every wall, in every gallery space, between nearly 40 countries,” he says. “That’s a big education in art by itself.” With this comprehensive knowledge of the history of art, he has since become a professional painter.
[N] Donohue, now a history teacher, agrees that it helped during certain parts of her education: “I can definitely remember what I learned on certain days at school. I could imagine what the teacher was saying or what it looked like in the book.”
[O] Not everyone with HSAM has experienced these benefits, however. Viewing the past in high definition can make it very difficult to get over pain and regret. “It can be very hard to forget embarrassing moments,” says Donohue. “You feel the same emotions—it is just as raw, just as fresh…You can’t turn off that stream of memories, no matter how hard you try.” Veiseh agrees: “It is like having these open wounds—they are just a part of you,” he says.
[P] This means they often have to make a special effort to lay the past to