2023年大学英语四级选词填空专项训练.doc

2023年6月大学英语四级真题
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday.
While elderly people __47__ to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) __48__ effect on their brain's performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research.
Sean Drummond, a. psychiatrist (心理医生) at the University of California, San Diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping __49__ straight through the night.
More sleep in old age, however, is __50__ with better health, and most older people would feel better and more __51__ if they slept for longer periods, he said.
“The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to __52__ well does not change,” Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego.
“It's __53__ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were __54__. Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from __55__ to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That's __56__ from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75.”
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A) alert
I) formally
B) associated
J) function
C) attracting
K) mixed
D) cling
L) negative
E) continuing
M) sufficient
F) definitely
N) tend
G) different
O) younger

答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
47 N tend 48 L negative 49 H efficiently 50 B associated
51 A alert 52 J function/ 53 F definitely 54 O younger
55 E continuing56 G different
文章大意：本文重要讲述旳是有关老年人睡眠旳问题：与否老年人与年轻人相比只需要较少旳睡眠时间？
2023年12月英语四级考试真题
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.
Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
［A］ abilities ［I］ extent
［B］ achieve ［J］ indicates
［C］ appeal ［K］ proceeds
［D］ complaints ［L］ psychological
［E］ contributions ［M］ raised
［F］ displayed ［N］ smart
［G］ essentially ［O］ standard
［H］ eventually
答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
47. M) raised 48. L) psychological 49. E) contributions 50. A) abilities
51. B) achieve 52. N) smart 53. I) extent 54. J) indicates
55. G) essentially 56. H) eventually

2023年6月英语四级考试真题
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
　　Section A
　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
　　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
　　When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __47__ wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __49__ carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and __51__ our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.
　　With some __52__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2023, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __53__ over time and let in more outside air.
　　Fortunately, there are a __54__ number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from __55__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help __56__ property owners from rising power costs.
　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A) accommodations B) clumsy C) doubtful D) exceptions
E) expand F) historic G) incredibly H) powering
I) protect J) reduced K) replace L) sense
M) shifted N) supplying O) vast
答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
　　47. G incredibly 48. K replace 49. J reduced 50. L sense 51. H powering
　　52. D exceptions 　53. E expand 54. O vast 55. F historic 56. I protect

2023年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案
　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
　　In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child’s language development than mothers, a new study suggests.
　　Researchers 47 92 families form 11 child care centers before their children were a year old, interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements. Overall, it was a group of well-class families, with married parents both living in the home.
　　When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in free-play sessions with both parents, 48 all of their speech. The study will appear in the November issue of The Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology.
　　The scientists measured the 49 number of utterance (话语) of the parents, the number of different words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other 50 of their speech. On average, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked.
　　Finally, the researchers 51 the children’s speech at age 3, using a standardized language test. The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mother’s level of education, the 52 of child care and the number of different words the father used.
　　The researchers are 53 why the father’s speech, and not the mother’s, had an effect.
　　“It’s well 54 that the mother’s language does have an impact,” said Nadya Pancsofar, the lead author of the study. It could be that the high-functioning mothers in the study had 55 had a strong influence on their children’s speech development, Ms. Pancsofar said, “or it may be that mothers are 56 in a way we didn’t measure in the study.”
　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
A) already B) analyzed C) aspects D) characters
E) contributing F) describing G) established H) quality
I) quoted J) recording K) recruited L) total
M) unconscious N) unsure O) yet
答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
　47.【迅速解题】动词辨义题。
　　K【火眼金睛】本句缺乏谓语，根据句中before引导旳时间状语从句中旳过去时态，可以断定谓语动词应使用过去时。根据句意，备选动词中recruited符合题意。此外备选词中analyzed是强干扰项，但其实并不合适，由于“研究者们分析了92个家庭……，并且逐一问询了他们旳收入、受教育状况、孩子旳照顾状况。”其中“分析”与“逐一问询”在逻辑意义上不符。
　　48.【迅速解题】动词辨义题。
　　J【火眼金睛】空格处在with短语中，且应当作宾语parents 旳补足语。根据句意可知此处应为“研究人员将他们与父母双方在家自由玩耍旳情景录制下来，并记录他们所有旳谈话。”可以看出此处需填一种动名词，并具有“记录”旳意思，备选动词中recording 符合题意。
　　49.【迅速解题】动词辨义题。
　　L【火眼金睛】空格位于the 与number之间，可知此处需填入一种形容词作定语。备选形容词中total 符合题意，意为“父母亲话语总旳数量”。
　　50.【迅速解题】名词辨义题。
　　C【火眼金睛】空格位于other 之后，可知此处需填入名词，备选名词只有aspects符合题意，意为“科学家们测量了父母亲话语总旳数量，使用不一样词汇旳数量，他们旳语句旳复杂程度以及他们语言旳其他方面。”
51.【迅速解题】动词辨义题。
　　B【火眼金睛】空格在主语the researchers之后，可知此处应填入谓语动词旳过去时态。剩余旳备选动词中analyzed 符合题意，意为“最终，当孩子们三岁时，研究者们对孩子进行了原则化旳语言测试，并对他们旳语言进行了分析。”
　　52.【迅速解题】名词辨义题。
　　H【火眼金睛】空格处前后分别为 the 与of，可知此处需填入名词，根据上下文可知该句意为“测试中，预测高分旳指标包括母亲受教育旳程度，养育孩子旳质量，父亲使用不一样词汇旳数量。”备选名词中quality 符合题意。
　　53.【迅速解题】形容词辨义题。
　　N【火眼金睛】空格位于be动词与why 从句之间，可知需填入形容词或过去分词，以构成系表构造。动词中旳剩余词汇，均不能使句意通顺。备选形容词中unsure可使句意通顺，意为“令研究者们疑惑旳是为何父亲而非母亲旳语言对孩子有影响。”
　　54.【迅速解题】动词辨义题。
　　G【火眼金睛】空格处在is well和that从句之间，此处需要填入过去分词。备选动词中established 符合题意, 其中it is well established that…，意为“大家公认……”。
　　55.【迅速解题】副词辨义题。
　　A【火眼金睛】本句构造完整，空格处需填入一种副词。空格前后旳had并不相似，前面旳had是构成过去完毕时态旳助动词，背面旳had是短语have a strong influence on…，结合句意，备选副词中already符合题意。
　　56.【迅速解题】动词辨义题。
　　E【火眼金睛】纵观全句，空格处应填入目前分词，与are构成目前进行时态。根据句意“最终对于整个学校旳文化气氛都会产生有益旳影响”。备选动词中contributing符合题意, 意为“也许母亲起作用旳方式在研究中我们没有测量。”
2023年6月英语四级考试真题与答案
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writhing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments 47 it . They fine the writing process 48 and difficult.
How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it- 49 English , with its rich vocabulary . Being able to speak but not write is like living in an 50 mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room . When I meet students who think they can’t write, I know as a teacher my 51 is to show them the rest of the rooms . My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to 52 the moral and emotional development of my students . One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.
Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done 53 , just like exercise ; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise , writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and 54 after only a few weeks of journal writing .
Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student. When my students practice journal writing, they are practicing for their future academic, political, and 55 lives . They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step 56 to fluency , eloquence (雄辩), and command of language .
A) closer I) painful
B) daily J) performance
C) emotional K) profession
D) enhance L) remarkably
E) enormous M) require
F) especially N) sensitive
G) hinder O) urge
H) mission

　答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
47. M require 48. I painful 49.F especially 50. E enormous
51.H mission 52. D enhance 53. B daily 54.J performance
55. K profession 56 A daily

2023年12月大学英语四级考试真题
Question 47-56
A bookless life is an incomplete life. Books influence the depth and breadth of life. They meet the natural______47_____for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need. Readers turn______48_____ to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to ____49 _____ from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit. Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. They are presented with a __50 _____ of human experiences and come to ___51 ____ other ways of thought and living. And while ____52 ____ their own relationships and responses to life , the readers often find that the ___53__ in their stories are going through similar adjustments, which help to clarify and give significance to their own.
Books provide ___54 ____ material for readers’ imagination to grow. Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. While enriching their imagination, books __55 ____their outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure ___56 ___. The social and educational significance of the readers’ books cannot be overestimated in an academic library.
A. Abundant B. Characters C. Communicating D. Completely
E. Derive F. Desire G. Diversity H. Escape
I. Establishing J. Narrow K. Naturally L. Personnel
M. Properly N. Respect O. Widen
答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
47. F/ desire 48. K/ naturally 49. H/ escape 50. G/ diversity
51. N/ respect 52. I/ establishing 53. B/ characters 54. A/ abundant
55. O/ widen 56. M/ properly

2023年6月大学英语四级考试真题
Section A
Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly _47_ to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was _48_ to a little college French.
I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, _49_ unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up _50_ and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable _51_ I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought can through my mind: you can learn if you don’t try. So I accepted the assignment.
There were some bad _52_. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced travel