英语名词复习省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

英语语法复习英语语法复习名名 词词第1页名词表示人、事物、地点名称或者抽象概念词。名词能够分为专有名词和普通名词两类。名词定义和分类名词定义和分类第2页 名词种类名词种类专有名词：普通名词：可数：不可数：个体名词 nurse,house,horse,apple,pen集体名词 people,family,class,trousers物质名词：water,paper,air,milk抽象名词：work,housework,homework,information,news,weather专有名词是详细人和事物等特有名称。专有名词第一个字专有名词是详细人和事物等特有名称。专有名词第一个字母要大写，人名、地名、公共节日及月份、周日名称等等母要大写，人名、地名、公共节日及月份、周日名称等等都是属于专有名词。如：都是属于专有名词。如：Yao Ming,China,March,New Years Day等。等。物质名词与抽象名词普通无法用数目计算物质名词与抽象名词普通无法用数目计算，为不可数名词。，为不可数名词。不可数名词前不能加不可数名词前不能加冠词冠词a 或或an来表示量，来表示量，也没有复数形式。也没有复数形式。第3页名词单数形式 普通可用a来修饰 a car a book a university在元音发音开头单词前用 an an elephant an apple an eraser an hour an honest boy an interesting book.请注意：a useful thing an unusual thing第4页名名词复数形式词复数形式 1.复数形式组成方法(1)普通在名词后加“s”dog dogs(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾名词加“es”boxes watches buses brushes(3)以辅音字母加y结尾名词,变y为i加“es”country countries factory factories 假如是元音字母加y 结尾名词则只须加“s”boy boys monkey monkeys 第5页(4)以o结尾名词加“s”radio radios zoo zoos 只有 potato,tomato和hero 加“es”组成复数 potato potatoes tomato tomatoes (5)以f、fe 结尾名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es”wife wives shelf shelves knife knives leaf leaves (6)可数名词不规则改变。如：manmen womanwomen toothteeth footfeet childchildren FrenchmanFrenchmen第6页(1)小马虎弹着钢琴小马虎弹着钢琴(piano)听着收音机听着收音机(radio),又到动物园又到动物园(zoo)照了张相照了张相(photo),但考试得了个大鸡蛋但考试得了个大鸡蛋(零分零分zero),一律加一律加 s。(2)黑人黑人(Negro)英雄英雄(hero)爱吃土豆爱吃土豆(potato)西红柿西红柿(tomato),全部加全部加 es。第7页(7)单复数形式相同名词：如：sheepsheep fishfish;ChineseChinese JapaneseJapanese (8)有些名词无单数形式。如：people(作“人们”解时)police clothes.(9)pants,shorts,glasses(眼镜)只用复数形式。(10)由man,woman 组成合成名词，变复数时将名词及man,woman都变成复数。如：man drivermen drivers woman teacherwomen teachers但其它合成名词，只要把合成名词中中心词变为复数形式。如：a banana treebanana trees a shoe factoryshoe factories第8页不可数名词不可数名词 物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词 如:water，rice，fish，meat 等。另外还有：work time musicmoney weather homeworkwood Informationnewsmedicine第9页 1.不可数名词无复数形式，作主语时常看成单数单数 盘子里有一些面包。There is some bread on the plate.没有消息就是好消息。No news is good news.2.惯用how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等来修饰不可数名词 他天天花很多时间玩电脑游戏。He spends much time in playing computer games every day.迈克在家几乎不做家务。Mike does little housework at home.第10页 3.惯用a piece of,a cup of,a glass of,a bottle of等来表示不可数名词量,单复数表现在of 前面名词上，而 of 后一直是单数There is a piece of paper on the desk.We want three glasses of orange.注意：可数名词也可用量来表示，of后用复数There are two bags of eggs in the basket.桌子上有一张纸。桌子上有一张纸。我们想要三杯橙汁。我们想要三杯橙汁。篮子里有两袋鸡蛋。篮子里有两袋鸡蛋。第11页 4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不一样 (1)glass(玻璃玻璃)a glass(玻璃杯玻璃杯)paper(纸)a paper(报纸)work(工作)a work(著作)room(空间)a room(房间)(2)fruit(水果)fruits(各种水果)fish(鱼)fishes(各种鱼)time(时间)times(时代)第12页bird-ladyorange-ruler-cat-boy-girlcase-wife-watchtree-key-questionfriend photo-card-family-dictionarybirdsladiesorangesrulerscatsboysgirlscaseswiveswatchestreeskeysquestionsfriendsfamiliesdictionariesphotoscards第13页(1)How many _ do you want?A kilo,please.A.bananas B.meat C.bread D.milk(2)Taking a walk in the evening is a good _.So it is,it keep us healthy.A.rule B.hobby C.habit D.favor(3)These people are from _.They are _.A.Germany;Germen B.German;Germany C.Germany;GermaniesD.Germany;Germans(4)Would you pass me _?I want to write a letter.A.a paper B.a piece of paper C.two paper D.two piece of paperACDBChoose the best answers.第14页(5)_ mothers both work in this hospital.A.Jim and BillsB.Jims and Bills C.Jim and Bill D.Jims and Bill(6)In China,September 10th is _.A.Teachers Day B.Teachers Day C.Teacher Day D.Teachers Day(7)Excuse me,where is the_？A.mens restroom B.mens restroom C.mens restrooms D.men restrooms(8)The post office is a little far from here.Its about_.A.thirty minutess walk B.thirty minutes walk C.thirty minutes walk D.thirty minutes walk(9)Miss Yan is a friend of_.A.Marys mothers B.Marys mother C.mothers of Mary D.Mary mothersBDACA第15页