动词不定式课件省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

动词不定式动词不定式第1页 必定：必定：to+V.原原 或者或者(to)+V.原原 否定：否定：not/never+(to)+V.原原1)He likes to read novels.2)I saw him come.3)We decided not to buy that house.4)It is interesting to fly a kite.5)Please let him not go there.动词不定式结构动词不定式结构第2页作主语作主语To hear your voice is so nice.To study hard is very important.It is so nice to hear your voice.It is very important to study hard.不定式作主语时，通惯用it作形式主语，把真正主语放在后面。注意注意:1、It is+adj.for/of sb.to do sth.不定式做主语不定式做主语 谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数第3页It+be+adj.+for/of sb.to do sth.for:adj.多多 为为 描描 述述 不不 定定 式式 行行 为为 特特 征征 （important/necessary/interesting 等等.）of:adj.多为多为 描述主语品质特征描述主语品质特征 （kind/nice/friendly/wise/foolish 等等.）作主语作主语It is easy _ her to learn English well.It is clever _ you to solve the problem.offor第4页2、It takes sb.some time to do sth.It takes me three hours to finish the homework every day.作主语作主语我天天花去三个小时完成家庭作业。I spend three hours finishing the homework every day.第5页3、It is+n.(for sb)to do sth.It is my pleasure to help you with your English.作主语作主语第6页4 4、用在谚语中、用在谚语中 To see is to believe.To say is easy,but to do is hard.作主语作主语第7页1、It is necessary _us to learn to wait.(of/for)2、It was careless _me to break the cup.（of/for)3、It took them 1,000 yuan _this table.(buy)4、It is my pleasure _ the box for you.(carry)to buyforofto carry练习练习第8页5、轮到我们清扫教室了。、轮到我们清扫教室了。It is our turn_6、To waste time is to shorten life.（翻译成汉字）（翻译成汉字）to clean the classroom.浪费时间就是缩短生命。浪费时间就是缩短生命。练习练习第9页1 1、动词、动词+to do sth.惯用动词有：惯用动词有：want/wish/like/would like/hope/plan/try/decide/learn/need/agree/begin/start/forget/remember/manage/seem/fail/manage/promise等等 1、I hope to finish it tomorrow.2、She plans to go and teach in the country.作宾语作宾语决定决定 学习学习(有有)希望，希望，设法设法 拒绝拒绝 想想 假装假装主动主动 答应答应 选选 计划，计划，同意同意 请求请求 帮一帮帮一帮第10页2 2、动词疑问词、动词疑问词+to do I dont know_ next.She cant decide_.作宾语作宾语 2、她不能决定买哪本书。1、我不知道接下来该做什么。what to dowhich book to buy=She cant decide which book she should buy.第11页3 3、主语、主语+谓语谓语+it+adj./n.+to do+it+adj./n.+to do作宾语作宾语常见谓语动词：常见谓语动词：find,think,consider,feel,make等等The dusty air makes it difficult to get a clear picture of space.大气中尘埃使人难以获取太空清楚图像。我认为学好英语很主要I think it important to learn English well.第12页1、Dont forget _.(关灯关灯)2、I happened _when he called me.（出去）（出去）3、I dont want_.(依赖他人）依赖他人）4、Sam is learning_.(怎样开车）怎样开车）5、We promise _ the environment.(保护保护)to turn off the lightto go outto depend on othershow to drive a car练习练习to protect第13页1、动词动词+宾语（宾语（sb./sth.)+to do sth.作宾补作宾补-对宾语进行补充说明对宾语进行补充说明 She asked me to help her.The teacher told him to come on time.Edisons mother taught him to read and write.惯用动词有：惯用动词有：ask,allow,advise,want tell,order,teach,expect等等第14页动词多为感官动词、使动词。动词多为感官动词、使动词。一感：feel二听：hear,listen to三使：make,let,have四看：see,notice,watch,look atJohns mother makes him play the piano every day.变被动时 是省略不定式符号 to要还原回来：hear sb do sb be heard to do sthJohn _ play the piano every day.is made to2、动词、动词+宾语宾语+不带不带to不定式不定式注意注意:第15页1、Let him _ the work at once.(finish/to finish)2、Do you like listening to other people_?(talk/talking/to talk)3、Jim was seen _the room.(enter/to enter)4、Please tell her _here on time.(come/to come)finishtalkto enterto come练习练习第16页5、Ill help you _this problem.(to solve/solve)6、I wish you will stay with us.(改成简单句）改成简单句）7、Her story made us laugh.(改成被动句）改成被动句）(to)solveI wish you to stay with us.We were made to laugh by her story.第17页1、主语、主语+be+to do sth 主语多为主语多为 duty/wish/hope/idea/plan/ambition/dream/work/job 等等 名词名词 1、My ambition is to be a singer.2、His work is to clean the classroom every day.作表语作表语我梦想是成为一名歌手。他工作是天天清扫教室。第18页2 2、谚语中、谚语中1、To know everything is to know nothing.2、To see is to believe.第19页放在被修饰词后面放在被修饰词后面I have a lot of work to do.I want to find something to drink.作定语作定语不定式为不及物动词时后面应有必要不定式为不及物动词时后面应有必要介词介词。Im looking for a hotel _.A.stay B.stay at C.to stay D.to stay atD位置位置：第20页He hasnt got a house to liveI have no pens to write _.in withHe bought a toy to play with.第21页1、原因状语、原因状语:主语主语+be+adj.(表情感表情感)+to do sth.(happy/glad angry /sorry/sad/afraid 等等)Im sorry to hear that.作状语作状语Im glad to see you.第22页2、目状语 The soldier ran into the room to save the girl.Tom went to the airport _(去接他爷爷)to meet his grandpa第23页3 3、结果状语、结果状语 too+adj./adv.+to do sth.adj./adv.enough to do sth.You are too young to do this job.He ran fast enough to catch the bus.第24页动词不定式能够充当句子成份动词不定式能够充当句子成份1、作主语、作主语2、作宾语、作宾语3、作宾语补足语、作宾语补足语4、作表语、作表语5、作定语、作定语6、作状语、作状语第25页All I did was to give him some advice.His dream is to travel all over the world.Lucy needs a friend to play with.He was the last guest to arrive.Its interesting to read a science fiction.以下不定式作何种成份？以下不定式作何种成份？（表语）（表语）（表语）（表语）（定语）（定语）（定语）（定语）（主语）（主语）第26页He was glad to see you.My father offered to buy a computer for me.He interviewed detective Ken to get some information.The doctor asked him to have more fruit and vegetables.（状语）（状语）（宾语）（宾语）（状语）（状语）（宾语补足语）（宾语补足语）以下不定式作何种成份？以下不定式作何种成份？第27页1、习惯于be used to _ 被用于be used to _Water is used to _(put)out fires.I am used to _(take)a walk after supper.2、prefer to 比起来更喜欢 比起游泳来，我更喜欢跑步。I prefer _ to _.3、look forward to 期待，期望Im looking forward to _(visit)Beijing again.介词介词 to 与与不定式不定式 to 区分区分puttakingrunning swimmingvisitingdodoing第28页Exercises1.-Youve done very well this time.-Its really kind _.A.for you to say so B.for you saying soC.of you to say so D.of you saying so2.It is better to lose ones life than _.A.if you lose your spiritB.losing his spiritC.to lose ones spiritD.your spirit getting lostCC第29页3.I cant work in this way.-Why not _ it in some other way?A.try to doB.try doingC.trying to doD.trying doing4.Since you find it difficult _ a decision,youd better a discussion(讨讨论论)with your parents.A.reach;haveB.reaching;haveC.reach;havingD.to reach;haveBD第30页5.My father hates(痛恨痛恨)_.He never allows me _.A.to smoke;to smokeB.smoking;smokingC.smoke;smokingD.smoking;to smoke6.The girl was beginning _.A.get angry B.to get angryC.getting angry D.angryDB第31页7.There isnt any difference between the two.I really dont know _.A.where to chooseB.which to chooseC.what to choose D.to choose which8.The bag is too heavy for me _.A.to carry itB.not to carry itC.to carryD.not to carry9.The teacher will teach him _.A.to useB.use itC.how to use itD.usesBCC第32页