从视域融合角度看中国古典诗词英译中的意象传递—以许渊冲之翻译为例-学位论文.doc

A STUDY ON TH匣IMAGE TRANSFER OF TRANSLATING

CH卫她SE CLASSICAL POETRY FROM TH吧PERSPECTIVE 0F

FUSIoN 0F HORIZON

——A CASE STUDY OF XU YUAN CHONG’SVERSl0N

by

胁Shan

Under the Supervision of Professor

Li—Qingming

A Thesis Submitted to

the Graduate School ofXi’an University ofTechnology

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the Degree of Master of Arts

Xi’an，China

2013

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摘要

论文题目：从视域融合角度看中国古典诗词英译中的意象传递

——以许渊冲之翻译为例

学科名称：外国语言学及应用语言学

研究生：毋杉

指导教师：李庆明教授

摘要

签名：壹整

签名酲差圣一

“阐释学”一词最早应用于希腊语之中，早期阐释学的基础就是对神旨的翻译、说明

和阐释。19世纪，德国宗教哲学家施莱尔马赫对各个学科领域的阐释学思想进行了综合，

形成了具有认识论色彩和普遍方法论特征的一般阐释学。19世纪后期，德国生命哲学家

狄尔泰从经验、历史与人生的关系入手，对阐释学研究进行了推进。20世纪的德国哲学

大师海德格尔和伽达默尔使阐释学走出认识论局限，将古典阐释学发展为系统全面的现代

阐释学。伽达默尔的巨著《真理与方法》奠定了阐释学在当代哲学中的重要地位。现代阐

释学不仅给二战以来的西方哲学带来生机与活力，尤其对文学理论研究产生了深厚的影

响。作为一门关于理解和解释的科学，阐释学与翻译在本质上存在联系和共鸣。近年来，

阐释学的哲学思想为翻译实践提供了新的理论动力和研究视野。

中国古典诗词翻译的历史可以追溯到16世纪。丰富玄妙的意象和耐人寻味的意境是

中国古典诗词的灵魂，也是翻译实践的重点和难点。诗词意象翻译是中外的翻译家和学者

探究是热点话题，许渊冲作为中国当代翻译届翘楚，结合中西文化，探索翻译理论，创作

出大量优质的翻译作品，为中国古典诗词的传播贡献了自己的力量。本文从阐释学的角度

出发，回顾了阐释学的发展脉络，着重介绍了阐释学中的核心理论“视域融合”，并探讨

了视域融合这一哲学概念和翻译的内在联系。文章进而运用具体实例分析了诗词意象的种

类和特征，同时对许渊冲先生的生平和翻译思想作一介绍。本文的创新点在于将阐释学“视

域融合”理论运用于诗词意象翻译之中，一方面从诗词的情感、内容和形式方面分析视域

融合理论在消除语际间的异质文化方面发挥的作用，另一方面讨论了视域融合理论在满足

读者审美取向和思维模式方面采用的策略。同时作者尝试对阐释学和翻译的结合提出了建

议。

关键词：阐释学；视域融合；意象；诗词翻译；许渊冲

西安理工大学硕士学位论文

basis for translation

ABSTRACT

Title：A STUDY ON THE IMAGE TRANSFER OF TRANSLATING CHINESE CLASSICAL POETRY FROM THE PERSPECTlVE OF FUSION OF HORIZON

——A CASE STUDY OF XU YUAN CHONG’S VERSlON

Major：Foreign Linguistics and Applied Linguistics

Name：Shan WU
Signature：绁坚墨b蚣

Supervisor：PrOf．Qingming LE
Signature

Abstract

‘‘Hermeneutics’’was first used in Greece and the meaning of“hermeneutics”is declaration．

interpretation or explanation about the will of God．In the 1 9m century，German religious

philosopher
Schleiermacher started
to carry
out
a comprehensive
study
on
hermeneutics
thoughts in all fields and formed a
general
hermeneutics with
the
characteristics
of
epistemology
and methodology．In
the
late
1 9‘“century,Wilelm
Dilthey
proposed
the

development of hermeneutics from the relationship between experience history and human life． In the 20“1 century,Martin Heidegger and Hans Georg Gadamer turned classical hermeneutics into a systemic and comprehensive theory which we call“modem hermeneutics”．Gad锄er’s masterpiece Truth and Method is known as the mark of modem hermeneutics．Modem hermeneutics not only brings the vitality and vigor for western philosophy,but also influences the literary studies．As a science of the understanding and interpretation of meaning，

hermeneutics has relationship and resonance with translation．In recent years，the philosophical

thoughts of hermeneutics have provided a new perspective and theoretical

practice．

The translation history of Chinese classical poetry Can be traced back to the 1 6tIl century．

Image is the soul of Chinese classical poetry，which is also the key and difficulty in the

translation practice．The images in translation are hot topic for scholars home and abroad．As an outstanding representative of contemporary Chinese translators，Xu Yuanchong has combined Chinese and Western cultures for exploring translation theories，created a large number of translation works of classical Chinese poetry，and made great contributions to the extension of

Chinese literature beyond national boundaries．This thesis from the perspective of hermeneutics．

reviews the development of hermeneutics，introduces the core theory～“fusion of horizon，，in

iii

西安理工大学硕士学位论文

hermeneutics and discusses the relationship between fusion of horizon and translation．Further

more，the author analyzes the categories and features of Chinese classical poetry image and

discusses Xu Yuanchong’S life experiences and his translation theory。功e innovation of this

thesis is that the author makes an intensive study of how hermeneutics is applied to image

translation．On the one hand，the authors analyzes the role of fusion of horizon in the elimination of the culture difference from the aspects of fusion of emotion，fusion of content， and fusion of form．On the other hand，she explores the translation strategies from the perspective of fusion of horizon adopted in catering to the readers’aesthetics value and thinking model．In addition，the author offers some suggestions and for the combination of translation and hermeneutics．

Key Words：hermeneutics；fusion of horizon；image；classical poetry；Xu Yuanchong

CONTENTS

CoNTENTS

CHAPTER oNE INTRoDUCTIoN 。1

]【．】【Background ofthe Research．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1

1．2 Significance ofthe Research ． ． ． ．． ． ． ．． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ．2

1．3 Structure ofthe Thesis． ．．．．．．．．．．．． ．．．．．． ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． ．．．．．．．． ．．．．．．．． ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．3

CHA_PTER TWO AN OVERⅥEW OF THE IMAGES IN CHINESE CLASSICAL POETRY AND XU YUANCHoNG’S TRANSLATIoN 。5

2．1 Studies ofImage at Home and Abroad．．．．．．．．．．．．． ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． ．．．．．．．． ．．．．．．．． ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．5

2．1．1 Studies ofImage atAbroad ．5

2．1．2 Studies of lmage at Home． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ．． ． ． ． ． ． 6

2．2 Categories ofImages ． ．8

2．3 Features ofImage in Classical Poetry．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． ．．．．．．．． ．．．．．．．． ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． ．．．．．10

2．4 The Introduction ofXuYuanchong and His Translation Theories ．13

2．4．1 Xu Yuanchon’S Personal Experience 13

2．4．2 Xu Yuanchong’S Translation Theories ．13

CHAPTER THREE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FUSION oF HoRIZON AND

TRANSLATIoN 。15

3．1 An Introduction to the Development ofHermeneutics 15

：；．2 Hermeneutics Views on Translation．． ． ．． ． ． 。 ．． ． ． ． 。 ． ． ．．．17

：；．3 Fusion ofHorizons ．19

3．3．1 The Concept ofHorizon ．19

：；．：；．2 Fusion ofHorizon． ． ． ． ． ．． ． ． ．． ． ． ．． ． ． ． ． ． 20 3．3．3 The Fusion ofHorizon and Translation ．．21

CHAPTER FOUR APPLICATION OF FUSION OF HOIUZON INTO CLASSICAL

POETRY TRANSLATION 23

4．1 Three Fusions to Meet Readers Aesthetics Value and Thinking Model ．23

4．1．1 Fusion ofEmotion ．23

4．1．2 Fusion of Content ．．26

4．1．3 Fusion of Form 28

4。2 Three Ways to Eliminate the Cultural Difference in Language ．．29

西安理工大学硕士学位论文

4．2．1 Changing the Images 29

4．2．2 Adding the Images 32

4．2．3 Deleting the Images ．34

4．3 Difficulty in Translating Imagery ．．35

CHAPTER FIVE CONLUSION 37

5．1 Main Findings and Innovations ．·37

5．2 Limitation ofthe Studies ． ．．38

5．3 Suggestions for Further Studies ．．38

BIBLOGRAPHY ．．41

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ．． ．． ．． ． ．． ．．．45

ACHIEVEMENT ．47

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER oNE INTRODUCTIoN

1．1 Background of the Research

Translating activity is a kind of communication which refers to the process of understanding and expressing．The essence of translation is interpretation．As an important school in modem philosophy,hermeneutics not only helps US to study the translation from a perspective of scientific and philosophic thoughts，but also provides new methods and new ideas for the theory and practice in translation．The intrinsic quality of hermeneutics is to

convey message and avoid misunderstanding．As we know,the main purpose of translation is to

reproducing the meaning of original text．In this way,translation activity with its character of

comprehension and interpretation is another appropriate interpretation of hermeneutics theory

The study of hermeneutics in westem countries has a long history．For instance， “hermeneutics’’was first used in Greece in the 1 7m century and the meaning of“hermeneutics”

is declaration，interpretation or explanation．In the 1 9也century Westem countries sought for a

“general hermeneutics’’and started to apply the relative theories or principles of philosophical

hermeneutics to the translation research．German religious philosopher Schleiermacher put study of hermeneutics to a new orientation，which was related to a system-theory of

understanding and explanation．In the 20th century，the German philosopher Martin Heidegger

and his student Gadamer expanded hermeneutics to the complete theory of‘‘Western Modem

hermeneutics”．Although the starting point of Hermeneutics study did not focus on translation，

the analysis and interpretation about literary works and the understanding of translation have

something in common．Therefore，modem hermeneutics provide some enlightenment for translation studies．

In the 1 980s，as hermeneutics and acceptance aesthetics went into China,the point of view

“translation is interpretation'’put forward by Evans—Prichard has been accepted by many

translation scholars in our country．

Hong Handing translates the book of Truth and Method from Gadamer which advances the

spread of hermeneutics．Many scholars provide their personal opinions about hermeneutics and translation．According to Zhang Yonghe，“any translation must involve fusion of horizon，

which is the absolute nature of translation”with such important opinion about the relationship

between translation and hermeneutics．(Zhang Yonghe，2006)．Zhu Jianping said that“In

redefining‘translating’from the perspective of philosophical hermeneutics，we should be

descriptive，dynamic and open， and take translators’and cultural factors into consideration”．

(Zhu Jianping，2006)

西安理工大学硕士学位论文

In recent years，many scholars in China pay much attention to applying hermeneutics theory to translation activity．According to the hermeneutics，we could find some vital theories， such as fusion of horizon，effective history and fore-understanding．At the same time，we stress the importance of translator again．Above all，hermeneutics helps US to solve translation problems from a new angle．

In China,the theories of hermeneutics are still a relatively new study for translation。In a word，there have not been SO many remarkable achievements in our country，especially the hermeneutics principles translation studies on classical poetry．However，according to these opinions from the scholars just mentioned，we Can find that hermeneutics provides US with a theoretical basis for understanding．

American poet Robert Frost said that“Poetry is what gets lost in translation”，which indicates the loss of beauty．But the scholars at home and abroad still explore the translation strategies to present the beauty of poetry．The history of translating Chinese classical poetry into English Can be traced back to the 1 6th century，S．Jenyns，who was an English sinologist and poet influencing the field of translating Chinese poems．And the translators Can be classified into different schools according to their different translating claims and methods．As we know, there are a lot of remarkable translators who make the classical Chinese poetry be accepted and treasured by people around the world．And there is no doubt that Ezra Pound and Xu Yuanchong are the most prominent representatives of them．

1．2 Significance of the Research

China is a kingdom of poetry and classical poetry is the magnificent gem of Chinese people．From the“Book of Songs”to Tang Poems and Song Lyrics，for thousands of years， poetry with its beautiful rhythm and elegant pattern provided a huge stage for all kinds of people to express their true feelings．There is no doubt that the Tang Poems and Song Lyrics

marked the luxuriant peak of the Chinese poetry．The most distinctive features of Chinese classical poetry are their rich images and wonderful ideograms which are different from

western poetry．Imagery should be regarded the soul of the classical poetry and its fantastic meanings should take readers infinite imaginary．Readers get at poet’S expression by grasping the images．The images in translation are not only the hot topic for discussion but also the key

and difficulty in the translation of Chinese classical poetry．That’S why the scholars and experts

at homes and abroad commit to the study of translating images to make the target language

readers have the similar artistic enjoyment as the source language readers do．It is necessary to

carry out a research on this field．

2

There are various systematic studies in Chinese classical poetry translation still need to

explore new theories and scientific methods．Modem hermeneutics，as a relatively new field，

provides some enlightenments to literary study，and also brings some inspirations to tmage

translation．Hermeneutics aims at providing theoretical basis and reference in the meaning of methodology for literary studies，especially the literary translation．Our cultural environment is

di圩erent f-rom the ancient culture，and literary studies need an open and broad space to form a

new mode．which lays an emphasis on the importance of translation．In the historical context，

the development of literature depends on a dialogue between the historical text and the understanding subject，which is realized by the fusion of horizon according to the past horizon

arld the realistic horizon．In the view of hermeneutics，the concept of“fusi