华南理工大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解.pdf

目录2011年华南理工大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年华南理工大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年华南理工大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年华南理工大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2015年华南理工大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2016年华南理工大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2017年华南理工大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2018年华南理工大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年华南理工大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part.Vocabulary and Grammar(30 points,1 point for each)Directions:After each statement there are four choices marked A,B,C,andD.Choose the only one choice that best completes the statement.Write youranswers on your ANSWER SHEET.1.Please explain your statement.I have no _ what you are talking about.A.contemplationB.normC.notionD.imaginationC【答案】句意：请解释一下你的声明。我不明白你在说些什么。contemplation沉思。norm标准。notion概念。imagination想象。因此，本题的正确答案选C。【解析】2.On August 18th the president announced a general _ for politicalexiles.A.yogaB.adoC.quartetD.amnestyD【答案】句意：8月18日，总统对政治流亡者颁布了一条特赦令。yoga瑜伽。ado忙乱。quartet四重唱。amnesty大赦。因此，本题的正确答案选D。【解析】3.When two straight lines meet,_ an angle.A.formedB.it is formedC.they formD.to formC【答案】句意：两条直线相交，就形成了一个夹角。该句中主句缺少主语与谓语动词，由从句可知，主语是指two straight lines，则主语用they，form用复数形式。因此，本题的正确答案选C。【解析】4.It is not _ much the language as the background that makes the noveldifficult to understand.A.thatB.thatC.soD.veryC【答案】句意：与其说语言不通，不如说是背景造成这部小说难以理解。not so much A as B为固定短语，意为“与其说是A，不如说是B”。因此，本题的正确答案选C。【解析】5.The machine got somewhat eroded,but this oil will _ it well.A.extinctB.decorateC.illuminateD.lubricateD【答案】句意：这个机器有点劳损，但是这种油有很好的润滑效果。【解析】extinct灭绝的。decorate装饰。illuminate照亮。lubricate润滑。因此，本题的正确答案选D。6.The digestive enzyme pepsin breaks down proteins into components _readily absorbed by the human body.A.that can beB.and areC.which theyD.are to beA【答案】句意：胃蛋白消化酶能分解蛋白质，以便人体很快吸收。这里括号内的单词为先行词，引导的后面的句子为定语从句，用来修饰前面的components，又因为“被人体吸收”是被动语态，因此，本题的正确答案选A。【解析】7._ the precise qualities of the hero in literary works may vary overtime,the basic exemplary function of the hero seems to remain constant.A.WhateverB.Even thoughC.In spite ofD.RegardlessB【答案】句意：尽管随着时间的推移，文学作品中的英雄本色有所改变，但是其所起的模范作用恒久不变。whatever无论怎样。even though即使。in spite of sth.尽管。regardless(of sth.)尽管。因此，本题的正确答案选B。【解析】8.The baby monkey _ to its mother all day.A.heldB.graspedC.clungD.stuckC【答案】句意：这只小猴子整天紧偎在母亲身边。hold拿着。grasp抓着。cling to紧偎，挨着。stick to坚持，粘着。其中stick指一个人或一个物体依附于另一个，也指互相依存，而cling一般指依附另一个人或另一物体，暗示必须受到支持、支撑。因此，本题的正确答案选C。【解析】9._ at in this way,the situation does not seem so desperate.A.LookedB.LookingC.To lookD.Being lookedA【答案】句意：这样看来，情况并没有那么让人绝望。句子主语是thesituation，则look与主语之间的关系是被动关系，又因为当过去分词作伴随状语时，前面的be动词可以省略，则D选项排除。因此，本题的正确答案选A。【解析】10.Because caricature tends to emphasize the peculiarities of a subject,_ an effective vehicle for pictorial satire.A.which is oftenB.and often seen asC.it is oftenD.many of which areC【答案】句意：由于漫画着重强调一个物体的特点，因此它常常是用于图片讽刺的有效工具。because引导的是从句，后句是主句，因此只有C选项可以构成一个完整的句子。因此，本题的正确答案选C。【解析】11.It is absolutely essential that Mary _ her study in spite of someleaning difficulties.A.will continueB.continuedC.continueD.continuesC【答案】句意：尽管困难重重，但玛丽继续学习仍是非常重要的。It isessential that sb.(should)do sth.从句中应该用虚拟语气。因此，本题的正确答案选C。【解析】12.Please _ the staff that the inspectors will be here on Monday and letthem make good preparations.A.modifyB.ratifyC.rectifyD.notifyD【答案】句意：检察人员将于周一到达，请通知全体员工做好准备。【解析】modify修改。ratify批准。rectify改正。notify通知。因此，本题的正确答案选D。13.The meeting took on a different _ after his moving speech.A.presageB.postureC.travestyD.traumaB【答案】句意：在他激动人心的演讲之后，会议上出现了不同的立场。presage预示。posture立场。travesty歪曲，曲解。trauma心灵创伤。因此，本题的正确答案选B。【解析】14.In the nineteenth century,Samuel Gridley Howe founded the PerkinsSchool for the blind,_ for children in Boston,Massachusetts.A.that institutesB.while institutedC.was an institutionD.an instituteD【答案】句意：19世纪，塞穆尔格里德利豪尔建立了帕金斯盲童学校。这所学校位于马萨诸塞州的波士顿。括号内引导的句子是the PerkinsSchool for the blind的同位语从句，用于对其作进一步的解释说明，不作主句中的成分。因此，本题的正确答案选D。【解析】15.People in prehistoric times created paints by grinding materials such asplants and clay into powder _.A.water to be addedB.for adding water thenC.and water addedD.and then adding waterD【答案】句意：史前人类将植物、粘土等磨成粉末并添加水制成颜料。adding water与grinding materials是by后面的并列动词。and then于是，然后。因此，本题的正确答案选D。【解析】16.While she had the fever,she _ for hours.A.ravedB.sniggeredC.perforatedD.titteredA【答案】句意：她发烧时，胡言乱语了好几个小时。rave胡言乱语。snigger窃笑。perforate穿孔于。titter傻笑。因此，本题的正确答案选A。【解析】17.Seeing the General coming his way,the soldier stopped and gave him asmart _.A.toastB.saluteC.tributeD.solutionB【答案】句意：看见将军朝他走过来，士兵停下来敬了一个漂亮的军礼。toast敬酒。salute敬礼。tribute哀悼。solution解决方法。因此，本题的正确答案选B。【解析】18.Often very annoying weeds,_ and act as hosts to many insect pests.A.that crowd out less hardy plants than goldenrodsB.crowding out less hardy plants by goldenrodsC.the goldenrods crowding out of less hardy plantsD.goldenrods crowd out less hardy plantsD【答案】句意：麒麟草会排挤其他植物并给害虫提供生长环境，通常十分惹人讨厌。划线处所在句子为主句，主句缺少主语。因此，本题的正确答案选D。【解析】19.If you spill hot liquid on your skin it will _ you.A.scaleB.scaldC.shunD.shuntB【答案】句意：热水撒到皮肤上会烫伤。scale衡量。scald烫伤。shun避开。shunt使分流。因此，本题的正确答案选B。【解析】20.Starting around 7000 B.C.,and for the next four thousand years,much ofthe Northern Hemisphere _ temperatures warmer than at present.A.with experience ofB.experiencedC.experiencingD.experienceB【答案】句意：从公元前7000年开始，在接下来的四千年中，北半球大部分地区经历的温度比现在要高。从语境上分析可知，括号内所填单词为主句谓语动词，且时态是过去时。因此本题的正确答案选B。【解析】21.Did you get any _ when you are dismissed from your job?A.fundB.loanC.bonusD.compensationD【答案】句意：你失业时有没有拿到补偿金？fund基金。loan贷款。bonus奖金。compensation补偿金。因此，本题的正确答案选D。【解析】22.When you are suffering from _ you have red spots on your skin andyou feel as if you have a cold.A.apathyB.schizophreniaC.impotenceD.measlesD【答案】句意：得了麻疹的感觉跟感冒一样，而且皮肤上会长小红点。apathy漠然，冷淡。schizophrenia精神分裂症。impotence阳痿。measles麻疹。因此，本题的正确答案选D。【解析】23.He was _ on the telephone so I asked him to speak more clearly.A.mutteringB.grumblingC.gropingD.shudderingA【答案】句意：他在电话里轻声低语，所以我让他说清楚一点。mutter轻【解析】声低语，喃喃自语。grumble抱怨，嘟囔。grope摸索，探索。shudder发抖，战栗。因此，本文的正确答案选A。24.Now,with the _ and popularity of the home computer,its advantagesand disadvantages have been a subject of discussion.A.adventureB.advanceC.adventD.adultC【答案】句意：如今，随着家庭电脑的出现和普及，它的利弊已成为了人们讨论的主题。adventure冒险。advance发展。advent出现。adult成年人。因此，本题的正确答案选C。【解析】25.They _ evidence and threatened witnesses not to tell the truth toanyone else.A.producedB.fabricatedC.createdD.manipulatedB【答案】句意：他们伪造了证据，并恐吓目击者，不许他向任何人讲实话。produce生产。fabricate伪造。create创造。manipulate操纵。因此，本题的正确答案选B。【解析】26.Is there any possible _ explanation for his bad health since he seemsto have no obvious disease?A.psychiatricB.psychologicalC.surgicalD.physicalB【答案】句意：因为他看起来没有明显的疾病，能否从心理学的角度解释他的健康问题？psychiatric精神病学的。psychological心理学的。surgical外科的。physical身体的。因此，本题的正确答案选B。【解析】27.Many animals display _ instincts only while their offspring areyoung and helpless.A.cerebralB.imperiousC.ruefulD.maternalD【答案】句意：许多动物只会在他们孩子年幼无助时才会显现出他们的母性。cerebral重理智的。imperious专横的。rueful悲伤的。maternal母性的。因此，本题的正确答案选D。【解析】28._ the bad weather has delayed the flight,so it would be several hoursbefore they could arrive.A.PresumablyB.RespectivelyC.ImaginablyD.PlausiblyA【答案】句意：大概因为恶劣的天气致使飞机晚点，因此还有几个小时他们才能抵达。presumably大概。respectively分别地。imaginably可想象地。plausibly似真地。因此，本题的正确答案选A。【解析】29.They send information every week,_ whether it is useful or not.A.in consideration ofB.irrespective ofC.with the exception ofD.with regard toB【答案】句意：他们每星期都发来信息，不管那些信息有没有用。inconsideration of考虑到。irrespective of不管。with the exception of除了以外。with regard to关于。因此，本题的正确答案选B。【解析】30.Children of poor health are very _ to colds in winter and should betaken care of particularly.A.willingB.readyC.reluctantD.proneD【答案】句意：身体差的孩子在冬天很容易就感冒，他们需要得到特别的关照。be willing to乐意做。be ready to准备做。be reluctant【解析】to不情愿做。be prone to易于。因此，本题的正确答案选D。Part.Reading Comprehension(50 points)Section 1 Multiple choice questions(30 points,3 points for each)Directions:In this section there are 2 reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then write your answers on yourANSWER SHEET.Passage 1Given the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools,it is notsurprising that such students often have little good to say about their schoolexperience.In one study of 400 adults who had achieved distinction in allareas of life,researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either didbadly in school or were unhappy in school.Few MacArthur Prize fellows,winners of the MacArthur Award for creative accomplishment,had goodthings to say about their pre-collegiate schooling if they had not been placedin advanced programs.Anecdotal reports support this.Pablo Picasso,Charles Darwin,Mark Twain,Oliver Gold smith,and William Butler Yeats all disliked school.So didWinston Churchill,who almost failed out of Harrow,an elite British school.About Oliver Goldsmith,one of his teachers remarked,“Never was so dull aboy.”Often these children realize that they know more than their teachers,and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant,inattentive,orunmotivated.Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because theirgifts were not scholastic.Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way.Butmost fared poorly in school not because they lacked ability but because theyfound school unchallenging and consequently lost interest.Yeats describedthe lack of fit between his mind and school:“Because I had found it difficultto attend to anything less interesting than my own thoughts,I was difficult toteach.”As noted earlier,gifted children of all kinds tend to be strong-willednonconformists.Nonconformity and stubbornness(and Yeats level ofarrogance and self-absorption)are likely to lead to Conflicts with teachers.When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important tothe development of their abilities,they are far more likely to mention theirfamilies than their schools or teachers.A writing prodigy studied by DavidFeldman and Lynn Goldsmith was taught far more about writing by hisjournalist father than his English teacher.High-IQ children,in Australiastudied by Miraca Gross had much more positive feelings about their familiesthan their schools.About half of the mathematicians studied by BenjaminBloom had little good to say about school.They all did well in school andtook honors classes when available,and some skipped grades.31.The main point the author is making about schools is that _.A.they should satisfy the needs of students from different familybackgroundsB.they are often incapable of catering to the needs of talented studentsC.they should organize their classes according to the students abilityD.they should enroll as many gifted students as possible32.The author quotes the remarks of one of Oliver Goldsmiths teachers_.A.to provide support for his argumentB.to illustrate the strong will of some gifted childrenC.to explain how dull students can also be successfulD.to show how poor Olivers performance was at school33.Pablo Picasso is listed among the many gifted children who _.A.paid no attention to their teachers in classB.contradicted their teachers much too oftenC.could not cope with their studies at school successfullyD.behaved arrogantly and stubbornly in the presence of their teachers34.According to the passage author,the development of highly giftedstudents is attributed _.A.mainly to parental help and their education at homeB.both to school instruction and to their parents coachingC.more to their parents encouragement than to school trainingD.less to their systematic education than to their talent35.The root cause of many gifted students having bad memories of theirschool years is that _.A.their nonconformity brought them a lot of troubleB.they were seldom praised by their teachersC.school courses failed to inspire or motivate themD.teachers were usually far stricter than their parents【答案与解析】31.B 作者在文中表达的观点是，天才学生经常觉得他们比老师知道的多，以及学校的功课没有挑战性。他们不循规蹈矩，而且很容易与老师发生冲突。由此推测，学校通常不能满足天才学生的需要。故选B。32.A 推断题。由第一段以及第二段的第一句可知，作者引用名人轶事证明许多有成就的人对学校经历评价不高。因此，作者在文中第二段提及Oliver Goldsmiths的名言是为了证明自己的观点。故选A。33.C 事实细节题。由第三段的第一、二句话可知，毕加索属于第一句话中所提到的，在学校里表现不好、天赋不是学术方面的天才。也就是说，毕加索不能很好地适应学校的学习。故选C。34.A 事实细节题。由第四段的第一句话可知，天才学生认为相较于学校教育而言，他们在家所受到的教育对他们能力的发展更加重要。故选A。35.C 全文主旨题。结合语篇分析和前面几道题可知，天才学生与学校之间锚段的焦点不在老师，而在于学校没能满足天才学生的需求，不能引起他们的兴趣。也就是说，学校不能给他们灵感，不能激励他们。故选C。Passage 2It came as something of a surprise when Diana,Princess of Wales,made atrip to Angola in 1997,to support the Red Crosss campaign for a total banon all anti-personnel landmines.Within hours of arriving in Angola,television screens around the world were filled with images of her comfortingvictims injured in explosions caused by landmines.“I knew the statistics,”she said.“But putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me;like when I met Sandra,a 13-year-old girl who had lost her leg,and peoplelike her.”The Princess concluded with a simple message:“We must stop landmines”.And she used every opportunity during her visit to repeat this message.But,back in London,her views were not shared by some members of the Britishgovernment,which refused to support a ban on these weapons.Angrypoliticians launched an attack on the Princess in the press.They described heras“very ill-informed”and a“loose cannon”.The Princess responded bybrushing aside the Criticisms:“This is a distraction we do not need.All Imtrying to do is help.”Opposition parties,the media and the publicimmediately voiced their support for the Princess.To make matters worse forthe government,it soon emerged that the Princesss trip had been approvedby the Foreign Office,and that she was in fact very well-informed about boththe situation in Angola and the British governments policy regardinglandmines.The result was a severe embarrassment for the government.To try and limitthe damage,the Foreign Secretary,Malcolm Rifkidnd,claimed that thePrincesss views on landmines were not very different from governmentpolicy,and that it was“working towards”a worldwide ban.The DefenceSecretary,Michael Portillo,claimed the matter was“a misinterpretation ormisunderstanding.”For the Princess,the trip to this war-torn country wasan excellent opportunity to use her popularity to show the world how muchdestruction and suffering landmines can cause.She said that the experiencehad also given her the chance to get closer to people and their problems.36.Princess Diana paid a visit to Angola in 1997 _.A.to clarify the British governments stand on landminesB.to establish her image as a friend of landmine victimsC.to investigate the sufferings of landmine victims thereD.to voice her support for a total ban of landmines37.What did Diana mean when she said“.putting a face to those figuresbrought the reality home to me”(Paragraph 1)?A.Meeting the landmine victims in person made her believe the statistics.B.She just couldnt bear to meet the landmine victims face to face.C.The actual situation in Angola made her feel like going back home.D.Seeing the pain of the victims made her realize the seriousness of thesituation.38.Some members of the British government criticized Diana because_.A.she had not consulted the government before the visitB.she was ill-informed of the governments policyC.they were actually opposed to banning landminesD.they