湖南师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解.pdf

目录2011年湖南师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年湖南师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年湖南师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年湖南师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I.For each of the following sentences,there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.You are required to choose the one that best completes tire sentence orexpresses tire same meaning as the underlined part.Write the letter of yourchoice on the answer sheet.(20%)1Science is still largely ignorant _ the causes of many kinds of cancer.A.aboutB.withC.ofD.to【答案】C【解析】句意：对于许多种癌症的原因，科学上仍然知之甚少。beignorant of固定短语，表示对一无所知。2On account of rain,the camp has been _ until next weekend.A.called offB.delayedC.put throughD.put off【答案】D【解析】句意：由于下雨天气，夏令营活动已经被推迟到了下周。delay在作“延迟，延期”讲时候，主要指的是有意推迟，所以也可以解释为“耽搁”。call off取消。put through完成，达成。put off主要用于指时间上的推迟，延期。3In my opinion the film On Golden Pond didnt _ its reviews.A.live up toB.come up withC.fitD.expect【答案】A【解析】句意：在我看来，金色池塘这部电影与其影评不符。liveup to符合，不辜负。come up with想出。fit多指适合。expect期待；预料。4If you _ in taking this attitude,well have to ask you to leave.A.insistB.persistC.resistD.pursue【答案】B【解析】句意：如果你一直是这种态度的话，我们就得请你离开了。persist in doing sth.坚持做某事。insist与介词on搭配，insist on doing sth.执意坚持做某事。resist反抗，抵制，与句意不符。pursue追逐；追求。5All cars made nowadays are _ with safety belts.A.preparedB.packedC.built inD.equipped【答案】D【解析】句意：如今所有轿车都有安全带。be equipped with配备。6When you write an essay,please remember not to _ off the point.A.wanderB.strollC.dropD.interrupt【答案】A【解析】句意：写文章注意不要跑题。wander偏离，走神。stroll闲逛，漫步。drop off减少，下降。interrupt打断。7I dont think I know the girl with fair hair although she _ me ofsomeone I know.A.remembersB.recallsC.remindsD.suggests【答案】C【解析】句意：虽然那个有着一头金发的女孩让我想起了我认识的一个人，但我觉得我们应该并不认识。remind sb.of sth.使某人想起。8An outing seems _ as it is raining hard and the wind is blowingoutside.A.without questionB.out of the questionC.without a questionD.out of question【答案】B【解析】句意：现在外面狂风暴雨，看来没法出去了。out of thequestion不可能。without question与out of question都表示毫无疑问。without a question没有一项问题。根据句意，只能选B项。9Beverly is a girl who will stand _ what she thinks right no matterwhat cost to herself is.A.up toB.offC.outD.up for【答案】D【解析】句意：拜沃莉这个女孩她无论付出多少都坚持自己认为对的事情。stand up for坚决捍卫。stand up to反抗。stand off疏远，保持一定距离。stand out突出，显眼。10Ill _ it that each of the students gets a copy of it.A.manageB.tryC.see toD.see about【答案】C【解析】句意：我会保证学生们每人都有一份复印件。see to it that确保。其他三项均不能与it that连用。11Jan was _ the grant money to pay her way through graduate school.A.expecting withB.counting downC.expecting onD.counting on【答案】D【解析】句意：简依靠助学金度过研究生阶段的生活。count on依靠，指望。expect表示期待，为及物动词，可直接跟宾语，没有expect with或expect on这样的搭配。count down倒计时。12It was out of _ for him to wear a T-shirt at the reception.A.placeB.orderC.questionD.practice【答案】A【解析】句意：在欢迎会上穿T恤是合适的。out of place位置不当；不合适，不得体。out of order有毛病；出故障。out of question毫无疑问。out of practice疏于练习。13A gift to the United States from France,the Statue of Liberty,wasassembled and dedicated in 1886.A.repairedB.brought overC.unpackedD.put together【答案】D【解析】assemble组装，装配。put together也是组装的意思。bring over带来。unpack打开（箱、包等）。14The home of Helen Keller was at a crossroads where people gathered todiscuss art,politics,and the state of the world.A.huge rural estateB.national monumentC.quiet refugeD.central meeting place【答案】D【解析】crossroads除了表示“十字路口”，还表示“汇集地，核心区”。15Linberghs first nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean was an act ofgreat daring and courage.A.a narrativeB.a featC.an attemptD.a conspiracy【答案】B【解析】daring勇敢。courage勇气。feat表示功绩、壮举，感情色彩符合原句。C项感情色彩较弱。A、D两项意思明显与daring、courage两词不符。16George has a lot of work to do this month,and he is on the go all daylong.A.on his way somewhereB.moving from one place to anotherC.out on businessD.busy and active【答案】D【解析】on the go十分活跃；非常忙碌。故选D。17Madam Curie was completely engrossed in her work.A.disturbedB.fatiguedC.absorbedD.successful【答案】C【解析】engross使全神贯注。与其意思相近的只有absorb，也表示使投入，使全神贯注。18Library cards will expire when they are not used.A.cost more moneyB.cease to be effectiveC.be mailed to the holders addressD.be continued automatically【答案】B【解析】expire到期，失效。故B项cease to be effective（失去效用）正确。19A goal of modern dance often is to express the dancers innermostfeelings-and emotions.A.slightestB.rarestC.most personalD.most difficult【答案】C【解析】innermost内心最深处的。most personal最私人的，与innermost意思最相近。20City taxes are based on an estimate of the value of ones property.A.an appraisalB.a forecastC.a diagnosisD.an outline【答案】A【解析】appraisal评估，与estimate（估计）意思相近。II.Fill in the blanks with the given verbs in their proper forms and write youranswers on the answer sheet.(15%)21I _(have)a bath when the phone rang.【答案】was having【解析】句意：电话响的时候，我正在洗澡。从句意上看，应用过去进行时，表示过去正在进行的动作。22I _(wait)for you at the cinema at six tomorrow evening.【答案】will wait【解析】时间状语tomorrow evening表示将来，故用一般将来时。23So far 12 bridges _(build)in that area.【答案】have been built（so far到目前为止，是现在完成时的常见时间状语之一。）24She left the office when she _(type)the documents.【答案】had typed【解析】句意：他打完文件之后，离开了办公室。从逻辑上判断，“打文件”发生在“离开办公室”之前，而离开办公室已经是过去的动作，这里表示“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。25He said he _(be)here as soon as he was wanted.【答案】would be【解析】我说只要有需要，他就会马上出现。这里表示“将会出现”，是未来的动作，故用将来时。而主句谓语said已是过去时，故此处表示“过去的将来”，故用过去将来时。26-You look tired.-Yes,I _(write)letters since breakfast.【答案】have been writing【解析】句意：我从吃完早餐开始就一直在写信。是过去到现在持续进行的动作，而且写信可能会持续下去，故用现在完成进行时。27They _(cross)the river by lunch time if they can find a ferry boat.【答案】will cross【解析】句意：如果找到渡船，他们在午饭时间之前就能穿过河流了。if引导的句子，从句用一般现在时的时候，主句则用一般将来时。28The boy looked disappointed _(lose)the chance to study abroad.【答案】losing【解析】非谓语动词与主语the boy是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。29Dont tell me you always escape _(fine)because you have a veryfast sports car.【答案】from being fined【解析】escape from doing sth逃过了。30Not a single case of T.B.was found in the X-rays _(study)【答案】studied【解析】在对这些人进行X光检查后，并未发现有患有肺结核的病例。study在此处意思是审视，细看。X-rays与study是被动关系，故study用过去分词形式。31The last touch _(finish),the artist put down his brush and sat downwith a _(satisfy)look.【答案】finished;satisfied【解析】the last touch与finish是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。satisfying表示令人满意的。而此处指的是人的表情，故用satisfied，表示感到满意的。32_(Live)in Berlin many years,he knew the city very well.【答案】Have been living【解析】在柏林住了很多年了，他对这座城市十分熟悉。显然非谓语动词动作发生在主句knew之前，因此用现在完成时。又因住在柏林的状态还有可能会持续下去，故用现在完成进行时。33He asked me what I _(do)about the problem if I _(be)in hisshoes.【答案】would do;were【解析】当主句的谓语动词的时态是一般过去时的时候，其宾语从句的时态要用适当的过去时态。III In this part you will read 4 passages.Each passage is followed by fivemultiple choice questions.Choose the one answer that best suits therequirement,and put the answers on the Answer Sheet.(40%)Passage 1A gripping,fast-paced tale of adventure,The Call of the Wild focuses onBuck,a sheepdog stolen from a California farm and transported to the arctic.Bucks struggle to survive on the arctic trail demonstrates the uncertainnature of life in the wild.Although it is an engaging animal story,the readercannot help but draw parallels between Bucks experience and that ofhumans.The book suggests that environment shapes character,andemphasizes that primitive characteroften hidden beneath a layer ofcivilizationis never lost to the individual.Providing a fascinating glimpseof a way of life that has almost disappeared,the novel suggests that creaturessurvive best when they adapt to the natural world,rather than trying toimpose changes on their environment.The story begins in 1897,at the start of the Gold Rush.The discovery of goldin the Klondikea region in northwestern Canadaprompted thousands ofgold seekers to head for the far north,all of them desperately in need of dogsto pull sleds across the harsh arctic trails.Buck,a large dog who has enjoyeda leisurely life on a California farm,is stolen and shipped to the Yukon.Bucklearns to survive in this cruel environment;he begins to discover theprimitive knowledge of his ancestors,and in time he responds to the call ofthe wild.Because the book focuses upon Bucks experience,the humancharacters are of secondary importance.Buck is a magnificent dog,partshepherd and part St.Bernard.His superior strength enables him to adaptreadily to the northern climate and the harsh demands of his labors.But hepossesses one additional qualityimagination.Buck fights with his head aswell as his strength.Adaptability is a dominant theme in this novel.In orderto survive in the arctic,Buck must learn“the law of club and fang”.Buck isfirst taught this law by the club wielding sled drivers,who show him that thestrongest individuals are the ones who rule.Buck also learns this primitivelaw from the other team dogs,such as Dave,Solleks,and the vicious teamleader,Spitz.From them,Buck learns that he must either bite or be bitten,master or be mastered.34About this novel,which of the following statement is NOT true?A.The novel focused upon the experiences of a dog named BuckB.The main theme was to tell its readers the life in the arctic wildC.The book stressed the influences of environment on characterD.Creatures have to adapt to the changes on environment to survive35We can draw from the passage that the“primitive character”withinBuck refers to _.A.Bucks adaptability to the cruel wild lifeB.the learning of the law of club and fangC.Bucks ability to fight with head and clawD.becoming the strongest individual to rule36The story was set primarily in _.A.Klondike in CanadaB.a farm in CaliforniaC.the YukonD.the wild in California37Buck learned to survive in the arctic by _.A.its primitive characterB.becoming the strongestC.the law of club and fangD.adapt itself to the cold arctic38According to the passage,which of the following statement is true?A.The Call of the Wild is about the relationship between men and dogs inthe arcticB.The Call of the Wild is a story about the wild west during the Gold RushC.Buck learned“the law of club and fang”by defeating its enemiesD.Buck managed to survive and became a leader【答案与解析】34B 由倒数第五句Adaptability is a dominant theme in this novel.可知，小说的主要主题是对环境的适应，而不是B项所说的“在北极荒野的生活”。35A 通过对全文整体内容的理解，可以推断“原始性格”指的是适应残酷野外生活的能力。36C 由这两句话Buck,a large dog who has enjoyed a leisurely life on aCalifornia farm,is stolen and shipped to the Yukon.Buck learns to survive inthis cruel environment可知，Buck原本是生活在加利福尼亚州的一个农场里，后来被偷运到Yukon这个地方，他在这个残酷的环境中学会了生存。因此故事是发生在Yukon。37C 由这两句话In order to survive in the arctic,Buck must learn“thelaw of club and fang”.Buck is first taught this law by the club wielding sleddrivers,who show him that the strongest individuals are the ones who rule.可知，Buck被教导这项法则，才学会了如何在北极生存。38B The story begins in 1897,at the start of the Gold Rush.The discoveryof gold in the Klondikea region in northwestern Canadapromptedthousands of gold seekers to head for the far north 说明故事的背景是加拿大西北部的地区发现黄金而引起的淘金热。Passage 2It is often claimed that nuclear energy is something we cannot do without.We live in a consumer society where there is an enormous demand forcommercial products of all kinds.Moreover,an increase in industrialproduction is considered to be one solution to the problem of massunemployment.Such an increase presumes an abundant and cheap energysupply.Many people believe that nuclear energy provides an inexhaustibleand economical source of power and that it is therefore essential for anindustrially developing society.There are a number of other advantages inthe use of nuclear energy.Firstly,nuclear power,except for accidents,isclean.A further advantage is that a nuclear power station can be run andmaintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff.The nuclearreactor represents an enormous step in our scientific evolution and,whateverthe anti-nuclear group says,it is wrong to expect a return to more primitivesources of fuel.However,opponents of nuclear energy point out that nuclearpower stations bring a direct threat not only to the environment but also tocivil liberties.Furthermore,it is questionable whether ultimately nuclearpower is a cheap source of energy.There have,for example,been very costlyaccidents in America,in Britain and,of course,in Russia.The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium in addition to the cost ofgreater safety provisions could price nuclear power out of the market.In thelong run,environmentalists argue,nuclear energy wastes valuable resourcesand disturbs the ecology to an extent which could bring about the destructionof the human race.Thus if we wish to survive,we cannot afford nuclearenergy.In spite of the case against nuclear energy outlined above,nuclearenergy programs are expanding.Such an expansion assumes a continualgrowth in industrial production and consumer demands.However,it isdoubtful whether this growth will or can continue.Having weighed up thearguments on both sides,it seems there are good economic and ecologicalreasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power.39The writers attitude toward nuclear energy is _.A.indifferentB.tolerantC.favorableD.negative40According to the opponents of nuclear enemy,which of the following isTRUE of nuclear energy?A.PrimitiveB.CheapC.ExhaustibleD.Unsafe41Some people claim that nuclear energy is essential because_.A.it provides a perfect solution to mass unemploymentB.it represents an enormous step forward in our scientific evolutionC.it can meet the growing demand of an industrially developing societyD.nuclear power stations can be run and maintained by relatively fewtechnical and administrative staff42Which of the following statements does the writer support?A.The demand for commercial products will not necessarily keep increasingB.Nuclear energy is something we cannot do withoutC.Uranium is good source of energy for economic and ecological reasonsD.Greater safety provisions can bring about the expansion of nuclear energyprograms43The function of the last sentence is to _.A.advance the final argumentB.reflect the writers attitudeC.reverse previously expressed thoughtsD.show the disadvantages of nuclear power【答案与解析】39D 从第二段最后两句However,it is doubtful whether this growth willor can continue.Having weighed up the arguments on both sides,it seemsthere are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy otherthan nuclear power.可以看出，作者对核能项目能否长久保持工业生产和消费需求的增长持怀疑态度，而且作者认为不使用核能有合理的经济和生态原因。故作者对核能持否定态度。40D 由最后一段第二句nuclear energy wastes valuable resources anddisturbs the ecology to an extent which could bring about the destruction ofthe human race.可知，核能破坏生态，最终可能导致人类的毁灭，因此核能是不安全的。41C 第一段第五句提到，许多人认为核能重要，因为它是社会工业发展所必需的，可以提供取之不尽且便宜的能源，C正确。42A 第二段倒数第二、三句提到，核能开发项目的扩大是为了保证工业生产和消费需求的增长，但是这种增长是否能够持续，这令人怀疑。43B 文章最后一句表明了作者的观点，即作者认为从经济和生态环境方面来考虑的话，可以利用其他能源，而非核能。Passage 3We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety,but stressseems to affect the immune defenses of lower animals too.In oneexperiment,for example,behavioral immunologist Mark Laudenslager,at theUniversity of Denver,gave mild electric shocks to 24 rats.Half the animalscould switch off the current by turning a wheel in their enclosure,while theother half could not.The rats in the two groups were paired so that each timeone rat turned the wheel it protected both itself and its helpless partner fromthe shock.Laudenslager found that the immune response was depressedbelow normal in the helpless rats but not in those that could turn off theelectricity.What he has demonstrated,he believes