河南师范大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解.pdf
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1、目 录 2011 年河南师范大学 357 英语翻译基础考研真题及详解.4 2012 年河南师范大学 357 英语翻译基础考研真题及详解.8 2013 年河南师范大学 357 英语翻译基础考研真题及详解.12 2014 年河南师范大学 357 英语翻译基础考研真题及详解.16 2015 年河南师范大学 357 英语翻译基础考研真题及详解.20 2017 年河南师范大学 357 英语翻译基础考研真题及详解.24 2018 年河南师范大学 357 英语翻译基础考研真题及详解.28 说明:本书精心搜集了市面上的历年真题,并整理了答案详解,备考价值尤为珍贵!若需要纸质内容,可以申请定制打印版,详情咨询在
2、线客服!2011 年河南师范大学 357 英语翻译基础考研真题及详解 .Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviations and terminology into Chinese.There are altogether 15 items in this part of the test,with one point for each.(15)1)medicare【答案】医疗保险 2)Ex works【答案】工厂交货 3)AIDS【答案】艾滋病(获得性免疫缺乏综合症)4)Xerox【答案】施乐(复印)5)GPS【答案】全球定位系统 6
3、)L/C【答案】信用证 7)UNESCO【答案】联合国教育、科学及文化组织 8)joint venture【答案】合资企业 9)alimony【答案】赡养费 10)investment securities【答案】投资证券 11)capital punishment【答案】死刑 12)non-aligned nation【答案】不结盟国家 13)consulate-general【答案】总领事馆 14)force majeure【答案】不可抗力 15)curriculum vitae(CV)【答案】简历 .Directions:Translate the following words,abb
4、reviations and terminology into English.There are altogether 15 items in this part of the test,with one point for each.(15)1)一国两制【答案】One country,two systems.2)三个代表【答案】Three Represents 3)“两会”【答案】two sessions(the National Peoples Congress and the Chinese Political Consultative Conference)4)机助翻译【答案】mac
5、hine-aided translation 5)词汇空缺【答案】lexical gap 6)语域【答案】register 7)法治【答案】rule of law 8)出口商品交易会【答案】Export Commodities Fair 9)语义翻译【答案】semantic translation 10)交际翻译【答案】communicative translation 11)功能对等【答案】functional equivalence 12)以人为本【答案】people oriented 13)科学发展观【答案】Scientific Outlook on Development 14)扩大内
6、需【答案】expand domestic demand 15)房奴【答案】mortgage slave .Directions:Translate the following into Chinese.(60)Person of the Year Nancy Gibbs Sept.11 delivered both a shock and a surprisethe attack,and our response to itand we can argue forever over which mattered more.There has been so much talk of the g
7、oodness that erupted that day that we forget how unprepared we were for it.We did not expect much from a generation that had spent its middle age examining all the ways it fails to measure to the one that had come beforeall fat,no muscle,less a beacon to the world than a bully,drunk on blessings tak
8、en for granted.It was tempting to say that Sept.11 changed all that,just as it is tempting to say that every hero needs a villain,end goodness needs evil as its grinding stone.But try looking a widow in the eye and talking about all the good that has come or this,it may not be a coincidence,but neit
9、her is it a partnership:good does not need evil,we owe no debt to demons,and the attack did not make us better.It was an occasion to discover what we already were.“Maybe the purpose of all this,”New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani(朱利安尼)said at a funeral for a friend,“is to find out if American today i
10、s as strong as when we fought for our independence or when we fought for ourselves as a Union to end slavery or as strong as our fathers and grandfathers who fought to rid the world of Nazism”.The terrorists,be argues,were counting on our cowardice.Theyve learned a lot about us since then.And so hav
11、e we.For leading that lesson,for having more faith in us that we had in ourselves,for being brave when required and rude where appropriate and tender without being trite,for not sleeping and not quitting and not shrinking from the pain all around him,Rudy Giuliani,Mayor of the World,is TIMEs 2001 Pe
12、rson of the Year.(Adapted from Time,December 31,2001)(329 words)【参考译文】年度人物 南希吉布斯“911”事件既令人感到震惊,也令人感到意外。震惊的是攻击事件本身,意外的是我们对事件的反应。至于说这两者哪个更为重要,人们也许永远会争论下去。对于当天一下子涌现出来的可歌可泣的事迹,我们已经谈得不少了。在一片谈论声中,我们居然忘了,面对这些令人敬佩的行为我们当时是多么感到意外。因为我们本来就没有对这代美国人抱有多大期望。他们的中年是在自叹不如的心境中度过的,他们和上一代美国人比来比去,总感到自己望尘莫及。他们虚浮有余,坚实不足,根本谈
13、不上是世界的灯塔,倒却是横行的恶霸,沉醉于福荫之中,总觉得受之无愧。我们也许会脱口而出地说,是“911”事件改变了这一切,正如我们会说,每一个英雄都需要有一个恶霸来陪衬,善良也需要有邪恶来砥砺。但当你望着“911”死难者遗孀的双眼时,你难道还能侃侃而谈“911”事件所引发的好处吗?善恶并存也许确非巧合,但它们也绝非相互依存的伙伴:善不需要恶陪伴左右,我们并不亏欠魔鬼,“911”事件也没有把我们变成更好的人。它只是一次机会,我们不过借此发现了自己的本色。纽约市市长朱利安尼在朋友的葬礼中说得好:“也许这一切的目的就是要考验一下,看看今日的美国是否仍像当年为争取独立而战时那样坚强,是否仍像当年为结束
14、奴隶制而团结奋战时那样坚强,是否仍像当年我们的父辈为消灭纳粹而战时那样坚强。”他说,恐怖主义者就指望我们会胆怯。但自“911”事件以来,他们想必对我们已有所了解。当然我们对自己也有了不少认识。由于朱利安尼这次考验中堪称表率,由于他对我们的信心远胜于我们对自己的信心,由于他该勇敢时就勇敢,该鲁莽时就鲁莽,他温情流露,但那绝非应景之俗套,由于他不分昼夜地不停工作,虽被痛苦包围,却能勇敢面对,因此这位世界第一市长当选为 2001 年时代周刊的年度风云人物。(节选自时代周刊,2001 年 12 月 31 日).Directions:Translate the following into Englis
15、h.(60)亚运会组织者证实:本届亚运会中禁止出现南非世界杯足球赛中嗡嗡作响的呜呜祖拉(vuvuzela)。有些球迷喜欢这种喇叭发出的有特色的低沉的响声,而其他一些人包括许多球员、教练和评论员则被这喇叭声搞的心烦意乱。不过将参加在周五开幕的第 16 届亚运会运动员则不会为此担忧,因为当地政府官员已经证实这种色彩艳丽的塑料喇叭将在所有场地中被禁用。广州市文明办副主任张友泉公布的一系列禁带物品名单中提到了呜呜祖拉。根据广州日报的一篇报道,比赛期间违反规则的观众将会受到志愿者的劝诫。呜呜祖拉成了南非世界杯的非官方标志,但是这些喇叭的响声盖过了观众的加油声,并让球员几乎无法和彼此进行沟通。(277 字
16、)【参考译文】The vuvuzela trumpet,which became the droning soundtrack to the football World Cup in South Africa,has been banned from the Asian Games,organizers have confirmed.Some fans loved the distinctive low-pitched bellow while others including many players,coaches and commentators were driven to dist
17、raction.But athletes gathered for the 16th Asian Games which opens on Friday will have no such concerns after a local government official confirmed that the plastic trumpet,often in garish colors,will be banned from all venues.Zhang Youquan,deputy director of the civilization office of the Guangzhou
18、 government,named the vuvuzela amid a list of banned items.According to a report by the Guangzhou Daily,spectators violating etiquette during the Games will be advised by volunteers.Vuvuzelas became the unofficial symbol of the World Cup,but they drowned out crowd chants and made it nearly impossibl
19、e for players to communicate with each other.2012 年河南师范大学 357 英语翻译基础考研真题及详解 .Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviations and terminology into Chinese.There are altogether 15 items in this part of the test,with one point for each.(15)1)fax【答案】传真 2)transculturation【答案】文化嫁接 3)AIDS【答案】艾滋病(获得性
20、免疫缺乏综合症)4)foreignizing translation【答案】异化翻译 5)GPS【答案】全球定位系统 6)L/C【答案】信用证 7)UNESCO【答案】联合国教育、科学及文化组织 8)joint venture【答案】合资企业 9)pragmatic translation【答案】语用翻译 10)copycat【答案】山寨 11)capital punishment【答案】死刑 12)non-aligned nation【答案】不结盟国家 13)DINK【答案】丁克(双份收入,没有孩子。)14)force majeure【答案】不可抗力 15)letters patent【答案
21、】专利特许证 .Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviations and terminology into English.There are altogether 15 items in this part of the test,with one point for each.(15)1)文化建设【答案】cultural construction 2)动态对等【答案】dynamic equivalence 3)形合【答案】hypotaxis 4)意合【答案】parataxis 5)一国两制【答案】One country,two s
22、ystems.6)科学发展观【答案】the Scientific Outlook on Development 7)经济房【答案】low-cost housing 8)增值税【答案】value added tax 9)欧元区【答案】Eurozone 10)本地化【答案】localization 11)和谐社会【答案】harmonious society 12)小康【答案】moderately prosperous 13)公务员【答案】civil servant 14)房地产【答案】real estate 15)医患纠纷【答案】patient-doctor dispute .Directions
23、:Translate the following into Chinese.(60)What Ive Learned Tony Blair TEN years ago,if you had told me I would spend a significant part of my premiership on foreign policy,I would have been surprised,a little shocked and probably,politically,somewhat alarmed.Even today,we all run for office concentr
24、ating on domestic issues.“Foreign”policy rarely wins votes,and can easily lose them.Yet nowadays the reality is increasingly that we are obliged as leaders to think,work and act internationally.Over ten years I have watched this grow.(If you had told me a decade ago that I would be tackling terroris
25、m.I would have readily understood,but thought you meant Irish Republican terrorism.)The line between“foreign”and“domestic”policy is being blurred.Climate change is a big issue in developed nations politics today.It can be beaten only by global action.What happens today in Pakistan matters on the str
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