河南师范大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解.pdf
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1、目录2011年河南师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2012年河南师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2013年河南师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2014年河南师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2015年河南师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2017年河南师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2018年河南师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2011年河南师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解.Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviations andterminology into Chines
2、e.There are altogether 15 items in this part of thetest,with one point for each.(15)1)medicare医疗保险【答案】2)Ex works工厂交货【答案】3)AIDS艾滋病(获得性免疫缺乏综合症)【答案】4)Xerox施乐(复印)【答案】5)GPS全球定位系统【答案】6)L/C信用证【答案】7)UNESCO联合国教育、科学及文化组织【答案】8)joint venture合资企业【答案】9)alimony赡养费【答案】10)investment securities投资证券【答案】11)capital puni
3、shment死刑【答案】12)non-aligned nation不结盟国家【答案】13)consulate-general总领事馆【答案】14)force majeure不可抗力【答案】15)curriculum vitae(CV)简历【答案】.Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviations andterminology into English.There are altogether 15 items in this part of the test,with one point for each.(15)1)一国两制One
4、country,two systems.【答案】2)三个代表Three Represents【答案】3)“两会”two sessions(the National Peoples Congress and the ChinesePolitical Consultative Conference)【答案】4)机助翻译machine-aided translation【答案】5)词汇空缺lexical gap【答案】6)语域register【答案】7)法治rule of law【答案】8)出口商品交易会Export Commodities Fair【答案】9)语义翻译semantic transl
5、ation【答案】10)交际翻译communicative translation【答案】11)功能对等functional equivalence【答案】12)以人为本people oriented【答案】13)科学发展观Scientific Outlook on Development【答案】14)扩大内需expand domestic demand【答案】15)房奴mortgage slave【答案】.Directions:Translate the following into Chinese.(60)Person of the YearNancy GibbsSept.11 deliv
6、ered both a shock and a surprisethe attack,and ourresponse to itand we can argue forever over which mattered more.Therehas been so much talk of the goodness that erupted that day that we forgethow unprepared we were for it.We did not expect much from a generationthat had spent its middle age examini
7、ng all the ways it fails to measure to theone that had come beforeall fat,no muscle,less a beacon to the world thana bully,drunk on blessings taken for granted.It was tempting to say that Sept.11 changed all that,just as it istempting to say that every hero needs a villain,end goodness needs evil as
8、 itsgrinding stone.But try looking a widow in the eye and talking about all thegood that has come or this,it may not be a coincidence,but neither is it apartnership:good does not need evil,we owe no debt to demons,and theattack did not make us better.It was an occasion to discover what we alreadywer
9、e.“Maybe the purpose of all this,”New York City Mayor RudyGiuliani(朱利安尼)said at a funeral for a friend,“is to find out ifAmerican today is as strong as when we fought for our independence or whenwe fought for ourselves as a Union to end slavery or as strong as our fathersand grandfathers who fought
10、to rid the world of Nazism”.The terrorists,beargues,were counting on our cowardice.Theyve learned a lot about us sincethen.And so have we.For leading that lesson,for having more faith in us that we had inourselves,for being brave when required and rude where appropriate andtender without being trite
11、,for not sleeping and not quitting and not shrinkingfrom the pain all around him,Rudy Giuliani,Mayor of the World,is TIMEs2001 Person of the Year.(Adapted from Time,December 31,2001)(329 words)【参考译文】年度人物南希吉布斯“911”事件既令人感到震惊,也令人感到意外。震惊的是攻击事件本身,意外的是我们对事件的反应。至于说这两者哪个更为重要,人们也许永远会争论下去。对于当天一下子涌现出来的可歌可泣的事迹,
12、我们已经谈得不少了。在一片谈论声中,我们居然忘了,面对这些令人敬佩的行为我们当时是多么感到意外。因为我们本来就没有对这代美国人抱有多大期望。他们的中年是在自叹不如的心境中度过的,他们和上一代美国人比来比去,总感到自己望尘莫及。他们虚浮有余,坚实不足,根本谈不上是世界的灯塔,倒却是横行的恶霸,沉醉于福荫之中,总觉得受之无愧。我们也许会脱口而出地说,是“911”事件改变了这一切,正如我们会说,每一个英雄都需要有一个恶霸来陪衬,善良也需要有邪恶来砥砺。但当你望着“911”死难者遗孀的双眼时,你难道还能侃侃而谈“911”事件所引发的好处吗?善恶并存也许确非巧合,但它们也绝非相互依存的伙伴:善不需要恶陪
13、伴左右,我们并不亏欠魔鬼,“911”事件也没有把我们变成更好的人。它只是一次机会,我们不过借此发现了自己的本色。纽约市市长朱利安尼在朋友的葬礼中说得好:“也许这一切的目的就是要考验一下,看看今日的美国是否仍像当年为争取独立而战时那样坚强,是否仍像当年为结束奴隶制而团结奋战时那样坚强,是否仍像当年我们的父辈为消灭纳粹而战时那样坚强。”他说,恐怖主义者就指望我们会胆怯。但自“911”事件以来,他们想必对我们已有所了解。当然我们对自己也有了不少认识。由于朱利安尼这次考验中堪称表率,由于他对我们的信心远胜于我们对自己的信心,由于他该勇敢时就勇敢,该鲁莽时就鲁莽,他温情流露,但那绝非应景之俗套,由于他不
14、分昼夜地不停工作,虽被痛苦包围,却能勇敢面对,因此这位世界第一市长当选为2001年时代周刊的年度风云人物。(节选自时代周刊,2001年12月31日).Directions:Translate the following into English.(60)亚运会组织者证实:本届亚运会中禁止出现南非世界杯足球赛中嗡嗡作响的呜呜祖拉(vuvuzela)。有些球迷喜欢这种喇叭发出的有特色的低沉的响声,而其他一些人包括许多球员、教练和评论员则被这喇叭声搞的心烦意乱。不过将参加在周五开幕的第16届亚运会运动员则不会为此担忧,因为当地政府官员已经证实这种色彩艳丽的塑料喇叭将在所有场地中被禁用。广州市文明办副
15、主任张友泉公布的一系列禁带物品名单中提到了呜呜祖拉。根据广州日报的一篇报道,比赛期间违反规则的观众将会受到志愿者的劝诫。呜呜祖拉成了南非世界杯的非官方标志,但是这些喇叭的响声盖过了观众的加油声,并让球员几乎无法和彼此进行沟通。(277字)【参考译文】The vuvuzela trumpet,which became the droning soundtrack to thefootball World Cup in South Africa,has been banned from the Asian Games,organizers have confirmed.Some fans love
16、d the distinctive low-pitchedbellow while others including many players,coaches and commentators weredriven to distraction.But athletes gathered for the 16th Asian Games whichopens on Friday will have no such concerns after a local government officialconfirmed that the plastic trumpet,often in garis
17、h colors,will be banned fromall venues.Zhang Youquan,deputy director of the civilization office of theGuangzhou government,named the vuvuzela amid a list of banned items.According to a report by the Guangzhou Daily,spectators violating etiquetteduring the Games will be advised by volunteers.Vuvuzela
18、s became theunofficial symbol of the World Cup,but they drowned out crowd chants andmade it nearly impossible for players to communicate with each other.2012年河南师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解.Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviations andterminology into Chinese.There are altogether 15 items in thi
19、s part of thetest,with one point for each.(15)1)fax传真【答案】2)transculturation文化嫁接【答案】3)AIDS艾滋病(获得性免疫缺乏综合症)【答案】4)foreignizing translation异化翻译【答案】5)GPS全球定位系统【答案】6)L/C信用证【答案】7)UNESCO联合国教育、科学及文化组织【答案】8)joint venture合资企业【答案】9)pragmatic translation语用翻译【答案】10)copycat山寨【答案】11)capital punishment死刑【答案】12)non-al
20、igned nation不结盟国家【答案】13)DINK丁克(双份收入,没有孩子。)【答案】14)force majeure不可抗力【答案】15)letters patent专利特许证【答案】.Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviations andterminology into English.There are altogether 15 items in this part of the test,with one point for each.(15)1)文化建设cultural construction【答案】2)动态对等
21、dynamic equivalence【答案】3)形合hypotaxis【答案】4)意合parataxis【答案】5)一国两制One country,two systems.【答案】6)科学发展观the Scientific Outlook on Development【答案】7)经济房low-cost housing【答案】8)增值税value added tax【答案】9)欧元区Eurozone【答案】10)本地化localization【答案】11)和谐社会harmonious society【答案】12)小康moderately prosperous【答案】13)公务员civil se
22、rvant【答案】14)房地产real estate【答案】15)医患纠纷patient-doctor dispute【答案】.Directions:Translate the following into Chinese.(60)What Ive LearnedTony BlairTEN years ago,if you had told me I would spend a significant part ofmy premiership on foreign policy,I would have been surprised,a littleshocked and probably,
23、politically,somewhat alarmed.Even today,we all runfor office concentrating on domestic issues.“Foreign”policy rarely winsvotes,and can easily lose them.Yet nowadays the reality is increasingly thatwe are obliged as leaders to think,work and act internationally.Over ten years I have watched this grow
24、.(If you had told me a decadeago that I would be tackling terrorism.I would have readily understood,butthought you meant Irish Republican terrorism.)The line between“foreign”and“domestic”policy is being blurred.Climate change is a big issue indeveloped nations politics today.It can be beaten only by
25、 global action.What happens today in Pakistan matters on the streets of Britain?Massmigration can only partially be managed by individual nations internalpolicies.Economies are shaped by forces of globalization.On top of this,the world order is changing.The political power of Chinais emerging as its
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