大连海事大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解.pdf
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1、目录2011年大连海事大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2012年大连海事大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2013年大连海事大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2015年大连海事大学357英语翻译基础考研真题(回忆版)(含部分答案)2016年大连海事大学357英语翻译基础考研真题(回忆版)(含部分答案)2011年大连海事大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I.Directions:Translate the following words,phrases,abbreviations or idiomsinto their target language respectively.Ther
2、e are altogether 30 items in thispart of the test,15 in English and 15 in Chinese,with one point for each.(30)1liberal translation【答案】意译2MT【答案】磁带(Magnetic Tape);平均时间(Mean Time);军事训练(Military Training)3Foreignizaton【答案】异化4firex【答案】灭火器(Fire Extinguisher)5CPU【答案】中央处理机(Central Processing Unit)6Handle wi
3、th Care【答案】小心轻放7telecom【答案】电信8Lot Number【答案】批号9keep cool【答案】保持冷静10National Peoples Congress【答案】全国人民代表大会11New York Times【答案】纽约时报12Jane Eyre【答案】简爱13ISO【答案】国际标准化组织(International Standardization Organization)14clockwise【答案】顺时针方向15key drive【答案】键驱动16基督教【答案】Christianity17孔子【答案】Confucius18生态学【答案】ecology19公共
4、关系【答案】PR(public relation)20故宫博物院【答案】the Palace Museum21联合国安理会【答案】the united nations security council22勿踏草地【答案】Keep off the grass.23申请表【答案】application form24中庸【答案】The Doctrine of Mean25经济措施【答案】economic measures26翻译的标准【答案】criteria of translation27发票号【答案】invoice number28目的港【答案】destination port29经济特区【答案
5、】special economic zones30仲裁【答案】arbitrationII.Directions:Translate the following three source texts into their targetlanguage respectively.(20)Source Text 1:The two registers of commerce and journalism meet in the language ofadvertising.The advertiser sees his product through rose-colored spectacles,
6、and the public for whom he caters gets into the way of making allowances forhis optimism.When a restaurant advertises a lunch consisting of“richgolden-brown seafood with superfine French fried potatoes as a side-dish”,afew moments of thoughts are needed before the customer realizes that whathe has b
7、een offered is in fact fish and.chips.Advertisements offeringproperty for sale have become notorious for their use of genteel euphemisms.If you bang your head whenever you go upstairs,it is some consolation toknow that you have bought“a dwelling house of character”.On toiling up asteep hill to reach
8、 the house,you may remember that the advertisement said“the site is pleasantly elevated”,and if you have some difficulty in findingthe house at all,that simply confirms the advertisers statement that it is“delightfully secluded in a unique away from it all position”.Key wordsregister 语域rose-colored
9、乐观的【参考译文】商业和广告这两个语域在广告语言中相遇了。广告人乐观地看待自己的产品,但是他所迎合的大众让他的乐观受到了打击。一家餐厅打出一则午餐广告,上头写道:“浓郁的金黄色海鲜,另有法式炸土豆作为配菜”,顾客看到这则广告可能要思量一会儿才反应过来,广告里头说的实际上就是鱼和土豆条。房地产销售广告因为广告语委婉文雅而因此臭名昭著。如果你上楼时磕到了头,用房地产广告语中安慰的话说,你买了“一所有个性的房子”;当你辛苦爬上一条陡坡才到达家时,你会想起广告中提到的“楼层高,视野广阔,令你身心愉悦”;如果你找不到住房地址,这就印证了广告中提到的这所住房“隐居在一个远离一切事物的地方,那个地方独特且讨
10、人喜欢”。Source Text 2:Sir Ernest Gowers,who cannot be accused of excessive tenderness towardsverbosity,defends that of legal documents:“It is the duty of a draftsman of these authoritative texts to try to imagineevery possible combination of circumstances to which his words might applyand every conceiv
11、able misinterpretation that might be put on them,and totake precautions accordingly.He must avoid all graces,not be afraid ofrepetitions,or even of identifying them by aforesaid;he must eschew allpronouns when their antecedents might possibly be open to dispute andgenerally avoid every possible gram
12、matical ambiguity.”Key wordsSir Ernest Gowers 欧内斯特高尔斯爵士verbosity 冗长的话【参考译文】欧内斯特高尔斯爵士认为,在法律文件中谁也不能被指责语言冗杂或过度温柔。他认为,一位起草权威文本的人士要担负起以下责任:他要同时想象到他的言辞适用的情况以及任何一种可设想到的对他言辞误解的情况,然后采取相应的预防措施;他要避开任何优雅的表达,不要担心文字的重复,也不用担心频繁地使用“上述的”这类的字眼;他要避免使用任何先行词有争议的代词,避免任何可能存在的语法歧义。Source Text 3:方言是一群具有某些共同的非语言特征的人所使用的一种语言的
13、次类。我们难以找到一个能够准确区分方言和语言的定义,因为方言和语言的区别不是绝对的,任何刻板的定义都是不确切的。英国英语和美国英语是同一语言的两种方言,这一点似乎是很清楚的。各国所使用的各种不同的英语跟英国英语一样,都是同一语言的地方方言,为方便起见都被称为英语。但是,有些语言的变体既不能和社会团体联系起来,也不能和个人联系起来,而只能和使用的场合联系起来。这种变体叫作语域,它们在言语中的重要性终于开始被人们认识到了。语域的研究可以当作是在使用语言的语境中考察语言。Key words非语言 non-linguistic次类 sub-division【参考译文】A dialect is a su
14、b-division of a language used by a group of people who sharecertain common non-linguistic features.Its hard to give a definition that candefinitely distinguish dialect from language,for the difference between themis not absolute.In other words,any rigid definition is not accurate.It appears to be cl
15、ear that British English and American English are twodialects of the same language-English.Like British English,various kinds ofEnglish applied by different countries are different dialects of English.Butfor the sake of convenience,they are all simply called as English.However,variations in some lan
16、guages are neither associated with socialgroups nor connected with individuals,but only with situations where theyare used.Such variations are called registers,whose importance has finallybeen noticed by us.The study of register can be regarded as the study oflanguage in the context of using languag
17、e.2012年大连海事大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I.Directions:Translate the following words,phrases,abbreviations or idiomsinto their target language respectively.There are altogether 30 items in thispart of the test,15 in English and 15 in Chinese,with one point for each.(30)1Pride and Prejudice【答案】傲慢与偏见2criteria of t
18、ranslation【答案】翻译的准则3Financial Times【答案】金融时报4Cloak Room【答案】行李寄存室;衣帽间5North Atlantic Treaty Organization【答案】北大西洋公约组织6translation ethics【答案】翻译伦理7computer-assisted translation【答案】电脑辅助翻译8IMO【答案】国际海事组织(International Maritime Organization)9Birds of a feather flock together.【答案】物以类聚,人以群分。10telecom【答案】电信11Ke
19、ep Dry【答案】保持干燥,勿使受潮。12UN Security Council【答案】联合国安理会13Journey to the West【答案】西游记14domestication【答案】驯养;教化15Ministry of State Security【答案】国家安全部16翻译的原则【答案】principles of translation17异化翻译【答案】foreignizing translation18机器翻译【答案】machine translation19魂断蓝桥【答案】Waterloo Bridge20遥控器【答案】remote-control unit21民政部【答案
20、】Ministry of Civil Affairs22白宫【答案】the White House23目的地【答案】destination24联合国秘书长【答案】UNSG(Secretary General of the United Nations)25有其父必有其子。【答案】The apple does not fall far from the tree.26圣经【答案】Bible27音译【答案】transliteration28形式对等【答案】formal equivalence29翻译硕士【答案】MTI(Master of Interpreting and Translation)3
21、0跨文化交际【答案】cross-cultural communicationII.Directions:Translate the following source texts into their target languagerespectively.(120)Source Text 1:To keep Mothers Day,after breakfast we had it arranged as a surprise forMother that hire a motor car and take her for beautiful drive away into thecountr
22、y.Mother is hardly ever able to have a treat like that,because we canonly afford to keep one maid,and so Mother is busy in the house nearly allthe time.And of course the country is so lovely now that it would be grandfor her to have a lovely morning,driving for miles and miles.But on the very mornin
23、g of the day,we changed the plan a little bit,becauseit occurred to Father that a thing it would be better to do even than to takeMother for a motor drive would be to take her fishing.Father said that as thecar was hired and paid for,we might just as well use it for a drive up into thehills where th
24、e streams are.As Father said,if you just go out driving withoutany object,you have a sense of aimlessness,but if you are going to fish,thereis a definite purpose in front of you to heighten the enjoyment.(202 words)【参考译文】为了庆祝母亲节,我们打算在早餐后给母亲准备一个惊喜:我们要租一辆摩托车,开车带她去美丽的乡村游玩。因为我们家里只请得起一个女仆,因此母亲几乎一直在忙碌着,很少
25、有机会享受这样的待遇。当然载着母亲在美丽动人的乡村中行驶数英里肯定会让她母亲节的早晨过得特别开心。不过到了母亲节那天早晨,我们的计划稍稍有些变动。因为父亲突然想到带母亲去骑车兜风还不如带母亲去钓鱼。父亲又说,既然我们已经付钱租下摩托车了,就不妨骑着摩托车去河流所在的小山。他说,如果你漫无目的地出去兜风,你会感到阵阵空虚感,不过如果你要出门钓鱼的话,这样你兜风就有了目的,兴致也会更高。Source Text 2:No matter what type of invitation you receive,the most important rule is torespond promptly.T
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