doing作状语的用法省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

1.作表语作表语2.作定语作定语现现在在分分词词3.作宾补作宾补4.作状语作状语第1页三三.V-ing作表语作表语We are learning English.The story is interesting.My job is teaching English.动名词作表语动名词作表语现在分词作表语现在分词作表语动词进行时动词进行时=Teaching English is my job.动名词作表语用来说明主语内容，与主语是同一个概念，表语和主语位置可交换。表语和主语位置可交换。第2页His hobby is painting.The news is inspiring.区分动名词与现在分词：区分动名词与现在分词：动名词动名词作表语用来说明主语详细内容。作表语用来说明主语详细内容。现在分词现在分词作表语是用来表示主语所含有作表语是用来表示主语所含有特征，有已变成了形容词，主语和表语特征，有已变成了形容词，主语和表语位置不能交换。位置不能交换。第3页翻译以下句子：翻译以下句子：1.我们工作就是演奏各种音乐。Our job is _.2.他们演奏音乐史如此令人兴奋。他们演奏音乐史如此令人兴奋。The music they are playing is _.playing all kinds of musicso exciting第4页四四 V-ing作定语作定语现在分词现在分词现在分词作定语，被修饰词与现在分词作定语，被修饰词与V-ing之间有一个之间有一个逻辑上主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。逻辑上主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。当现在分词当现在分词单独单独作定语时，放在所修饰名词作定语时，放在所修饰名词前前；假如是现在分词假如是现在分词短语短语作定语，则放在所修饰名词作定语，则放在所修饰名词后后。The girl crying in the classroom is my desk mate.The crying girl is my desk mate.第5页The tower _ the warring states is well worth visiting.A.dated from B.dated back fromC.dating from D.to date fromThe flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A.to smell B.smellingC.smelt D.to be smelt第6页(1)a walking man(2)a walking stick=a man who is walking=a stick for walkingWhats the difference between(1)and(2)?第7页V-ing作定语时，现在分词与动名词区分：作定语时，现在分词与动名词区分：a waiting rooma waiting man=a room for waiting=a man who is waiting现在分词现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有有种作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有有种逻辑上主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句逻辑上主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句而而动名词动名词作定语时，与被修饰词之间没作定语时，与被修饰词之间没有这种关系，它仅仅表示一个用途，有这种关系，它仅仅表示一个用途，“作作用用”相当于一个相当于一个for引导介词短语引导介词短语第8页Translate the following phrases.a reading rooma washing machinean exciting eveningan interesting crosstalk阅览室阅览室洗衣机洗衣机激感人心夜晚激感人心夜晚有趣相声有趣相声第9页1.What _ bears they are!(charm)2.What a/an _ idea the ad has.3.The bears _ are content with their life.4.The bears _ make cocacola more popular.Describe the bears with V-ing used as attributecharmingenjoying cocacoladrinking cocacolaskiing on the icesurprising/inspiring第10页五五 V-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语V-ing形式作宾补时，它与宾语组成逻辑上主谓关形式作宾补时，它与宾语组成逻辑上主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上主语。系，即宾语是其逻辑上主语。S+V+O+CI heard the girl singing in the classroom.We have the fire burning all day.I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open.The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行主动性动作，强调正在进行主动性动作，强调一个过程或一个状态。一个过程或一个状态。第11页 1.能跟能跟-ing形式作宾语补足语常见动形式作宾语补足语常见动词有：词有：“五让、三看、两听、五让、三看、两听、一注意、一发觉、一一注意、一发觉、一感觉感觉”。简单又好记！。简单又好记！make,let,have,keep,leave,look at,see,watch,hear,listen to,notice,find,feel 等。等。怎么记怎么记？第12页He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A.put B.to be puttingC.to put D.putting第13页1.I saw them _(force)the door open with a hammer.2.We heard them _(quarrel)about money after the concert;they looked very angry.3.I heard him _(drop)lots of coins into the collecting tin.forcingquarrelingdroppingPractice:第14页2.有些动词词组，如：有些动词词组，如：regard,describe,accept,think of,look on等等之后可由之后可由as引出引出V-ing形式作宾补。形式作宾补。They describe the cartoon as being attractive.第15页分分词词作作状状语语,表表示示动动作作发发生生条条件件、原原因因、结结果果、让让步步、时时间间、方方式式或或伴伴随随等等，通通常常相相当当于于一一个状语从句或并列分句。个状语从句或并列分句。普通说来，这种结构逻辑主语就是句子主语。普通说来，这种结构逻辑主语就是句子主语。六六 分词作状语分词作状语作状语时，选择现在分词还是过去分词，作状语时，选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键关键看主句主语。看主句主语。如分词动作是主句主语如分词动作是主句主语发出，就选取现在分词，反之就用过去分词。发出，就选取现在分词，反之就用过去分词。第16页If you use your head,youll find a good way.Using your head,youll find a good way.If I am invited,Ill go to your party.Invited,Ill go to your party.条件状语条件状语作条件状语普通放在句首作条件状语普通放在句首作条件状语普通放在句首作条件状语普通放在句首第17页原因状语原因状语作原因状语普通放在句首作原因状语普通放在句首作原因状语普通放在句首作原因状语普通放在句首Because he was poor,he couldnt afford a TV set.Being poor,he couldnt afford a TV set.Because he was satisfied with his job,hehad a big smile on his face.Satisfied with his job,he had a big smile onhis face.第18页让步状语让步状语作让步状语普通放在句首作让步状语普通放在句首作让步状语普通放在句首作让步状语普通放在句首Though he studied hard,he didnt pass the exam.Studying hard,he didnt pass the exam.Though he was born in a poor family,he was optimistic.Born in a poor family,he was optimistic.第19页时间状语时间状语作时间状语普通放在句首作时间状语普通放在句首作时间状语普通放在句首作时间状语普通放在句首While I was walking in the street,Isaw a tailors shop.Walking in the street,I saw a tailors shop.When she was surrounded by a mad dog,she was very frightened and screamed.Surrounded by a mad dog,she was veryfrightened and screamed.第20页在使用过程中，我发觉这本书很有用。在使用过程中，我发觉这本书很有用。_ the book,I find it useful.因为用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。因为用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。_ for a long time,the book looks old.UsedUsing第21页 从上面看从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。体育场好像一个鸟巢。_ from the top,the stadium looks like a bird nest.A.Seeing B.Seen从太空看从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。宇航员看不到长城。_ from the space,the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall.A.Seeing B.Seen第22页Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.Four people entered the room,looking The teacher came into the classroom andwas followed by some students.The teacher came into the classroom,followed by some students.并列句并列句作伴随状语多放于句末作伴随状语多放于句末第23页He came running back to tell me the news.His father died,and this left the family even worse off.His father died,leaving the family even worse off.方式状语或结果状语方式状语或结果状语作方式状语或结果多放于句末作方式状语或结果多放于句末第24页Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.Four people entered the room,looking The teacher came into the classroom andwas followed by some students.The teacher came into the classroom,followed by some students.并列句并列句作伴随状语多放于句末作伴随状语多放于句末第25页分词作状语时时态和语态：分词作状语时时态和语态：1）分词时态：）分词时态：2）分词语态）分词语态普通式普通式:doing done完成式完成式:having done having been done1）普通式表示与谓语动词同时发生。普通式表示与谓语动词同时发生。1.Hearing the news,he jumped with joy.2.Surrounded by the students,the teacher was answering questions one by one.第26页2）完成时表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。完成时表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。_ a reply,he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving notB.C.Not having received D.Having not receivedC.可了解为：可了解为：Because he had not received a reply,D.he decided to write again.1.As he had finished his homework,he went out.=Having finished his homework,he went out.2.Because she had not got a reply,she decided to write to him again.=Not having got a reply,she decided to write to him again.第27页完成被动式：完成被动式：having been done表示动作发生在谓语动词之前且含被动意义表示动作发生在谓语动词之前且含被动意义(当代英语中往往用过去分词当代英语中往往用过去分词done替换替换)Having been praised for his job,Tom worked harder.=Praised for his job,Tom worked harder._ by a snake,she was frightened at it._ by a snake,she was frightened at it.A.Being bitten A.Being bitten B.Bitten B.Bitten C.Having been bitten C.Having been bitten D.both B and C D.both B and C第28页一、有些惯用一、有些惯用v-ing形式不表示句子主语动作，形式不表示句子主语动作，而是表示说话人态度、观点等。可看成一个插而是表示说话人态度、观点等。可看成一个插入语入语generally speaking 普通说来普通说来strictly speaking 严格说来严格说来frankly speaking 坦白地说坦白地说judging from/by 依据依据来判断来判断considering 考虑到考虑到supposing 假如，假如假如，假如几点注意几点注意第29页1.Generally speaking,boys are more interested in science than girls.普通说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。普通说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。2.Judging from his accent,he must come from Canada.从他口音看，他一定来自加拿大。从他口音看，他一定来自加拿大。3.Considering his age,he did it quite well.考虑到他年纪，他做得很好了。考虑到他年纪，他做得很好了。4.Supposing it rains，what will you do？假使下雨，你会怎么办呢？假使下雨，你会怎么办呢？第30页二、分词作状语时，能够依据需要在其前加上二、分词作状语时，能够依据需要在其前加上when,while,before,after,until,once,though,although,unless,as if,even if,as long as等等1.Once losing this chance,you cant 2.easily find it.2.If allowed to read in the reading room,you should keep quiet.3.When leaving the station,he waved again and again to me.第31页三、三、当表示分词动作一发生，主句动作当表示分词动作一发生，主句动作随之也发生时，能够使用随之也发生时，能够使用“on动名词动名词”结构，翻译结构，翻译成成“一一就就”,能够用于这种使用方法动词都能够用于这种使用方法动词都是瞬间动词；如是瞬间动词；如look,hear,see,open,close等。等。Hearing the news,they couldnt help jumping.=On hearing the news,they couldnt help jumping._ _ the case,I saw the bird fly out of it.一打开这个盒子，我看到有只鸟飞出来。一打开这个盒子，我看到有只鸟飞出来。On opening 第32页Revision:1._ is believing.眼见为实。眼见为实。2.In the summer we enjoy _(坐坐)under the big tree.3.Her job is _(照料照料婴儿）。婴儿）。4.The story is _(有趣有趣)。5.How can you keep her _(等候等候)in the rain.6.The man _(站在那里）站在那里）is my father.Finish the sentences.Seeingsittingtaking care of the babies interestingwaitingstanding over there主语主语宾语宾语表语（动名词）表语（动名词）表语表语（现在分词）（现在分词）宾语补足语宾语补足语定语定语第33页句型转换：句型转换：1.When he heard the news,he jumped with joy.2._ the news,he jumped with joy.3.2.As she was ill,she went home.4._ ill,she went home.5.3.The girl came in and she smiled.6.The girl came in _.4.She sat at the desk and read a newspaper.5.She sat at the desk _ a newspaper.HearingBeingsmilingreading表伴随情况表伴随情况时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语方式状语方式状语第34页Tell the differences:1.She keep the man waiting in the rain.2.I will give the present to the student getting the first place.3.Being ill,she went home.Questions:1.现在分词分别作什么成份？现在分词分别作什么成份？2.现在分词逻辑主语分别是什么？现在分词逻辑主语分别是什么？宾补宾补定语定语状语状语 宾补逻辑主语是宾语；定语逻辑主语是它所修饰名词宾补逻辑主语是宾语；定语逻辑主语是它所修饰名词或代词；或代词；V-ing形式作状语时形式作状语时,它逻辑主语必须与它逻辑主语必须与主句主主句主语语一致。一致。第35页 1.Having not seen the film,I cant tell you what I think of it.2.The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay.3.Seen from the top of the hill,we find the city more beautiful.Not havingworkingSeeing单句改错单句改错第40页4.“Cant you read?”the man said,angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.5.Generally speak,facial expressions are helpful communications,too.6.European football is played in 80 countries,made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingmakingspeaking第41页 1._the piano,someone suddenly knocked at the door.A.Playing B.When I was playing C.Repairing D.ExaminingChoose the best answer.第42页 2.Mother caught the boy _ in the corner.A.smoke B.to smoke C.being smoked D.smoking第43页 3._ the programme,they have to stay there for another 2 weeks.A.Not completing B.Not completed C.Not having completed D.Having not completed第44页4.“We cant go out in this weather”,said Bob,_ out of the window.A.looking B.to look C.looked D.having looked 5._ such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered第45页6.Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents_Chineseintheschool,most_werefromGermany.（辽宁卷）A.study;ofwhomB.study;ofthemC.studying;ofthemD.studying;ofwhom第46页7.Dontsitthere_nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.（湖北卷）A.doB.todoC.doingD.anddoing第47页8.CanIsmokehere?Sorry.Wedontallow_here.(江苏卷）A.peoplesmokingB.peoplesmokeC.tosmokeD.smoking第48页第49页