英语中的借代省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

3.借借 代代METONYMY第1页修辞学上辞格之一，甲事物同乙事修辞学上辞格之一，甲事物同乙事物不相类似，但有不可分离关系，物不相类似，但有不可分离关系，利用这种关系以乙事物名称来代替利用这种关系以乙事物名称来代替甲事物，叫借代。甲事物，叫借代。第2页(1)以事物特征代替事物、人本身。以事物特征代替事物、人本身。Gray hair should be respected.老年人应受到尊敬。老年人应受到尊敬。No cross,no crown.(A proverb)没有苦就没有甜。没有苦就没有甜。第3页(2)以工具代替动作或行为者以工具代替动作或行为者He was raised to the bench.他被任命为法官。这里，他被任命为法官。这里，bench指代法指代法官。官。His pen sways over half of the civilized world.他作品影响着半个文明世界。他作品影响着半个文明世界。第4页(3)以人或物代特征以人或物代特征There is much of the schoolboy in him.他身上还有许多小学生气质。他身上还有许多小学生气质。The wolf and the pig mingled together in his face.凶残与贪婪交织在一起，出现在他脸上。凶残与贪婪交织在一起，出现在他脸上。第5页the British lion 英国人 boiled lobster 英国海军步兵队兵 the Bear 俄罗斯第6页(4)以事物活动场所代替事物或活动者以事物活动场所代替事物或活动者The White House(白宫白宫)the President or Executive branch of the US governmentCapitol Hill(国会山国会山)the legislative branch of the U.S.governmentThe Pentagon(五角大楼五角大楼)the U.S.military establishmentFoggy Bottom(雾谷雾谷)the U.S.State DepartmentWall Street(华尔街华尔街)U.S.Financial circlesMadison Avenue(麦迪逊大街麦迪逊大街)American advertising industry 第7页Downing Street(唐宁街唐宁街)the British government or cabinetWhitehall(白厅白厅)the British governmentWestminster(威斯敏斯特威斯敏斯特)the British Parliament or governmentFleet Street(舰队街舰队街)the British pressThe Kremlin(克里姆林宫克里姆林宫)the government of the Soviet Union第8页(5)以某物产地代替该物以某物产地代替该物Would you care for a cup of Longjing?ChampagneMaotaiScotch（whisky威士忌）威士忌）He was behind the arras.他在挂毯后面。他在挂毯后面。第9页(6)以作者或生产者代替作品或产品以作者或生产者代替作品或产品Our Sony worked well.We drove a Ford to Hyde Park.第10页(7)以容器代替其中内容以容器代替其中内容He is fond of the bottle.他喜欢喝酒。他喜欢喝酒。What dishes would you like?您要什么莱您要什么莱?The kettle is boiling.壶壶(水水)开了。开了。He is in his cups again.他又喝醉了。他又喝醉了。第11页Exercise：He set the room roaring with laughter.他使全屋子暴发出笑声。他使全屋子暴发出笑声。The coat would be beyond his miserable pocket.他钱少得可怜，买不起那件大衣。他钱少得可怜，买不起那件大衣。Whenever my husband has a bad day at the office,he hits the bottle.每当我丈夫在办公室不顺心，他就喝得酩酊大每当我丈夫在办公室不顺心，他就喝得酩酊大醉。醉。第12页(8)以人体器官代替其功效以人体器官代替其功效The practiced ear can recognize a classic favour.有音乐涵养人能够听出古典音乐韵味。有音乐涵养人能够听出古典音乐韵味。She has the eye for the fair and the beautiful.她有审美眼光。她有审美眼光。She has a ready tongue.她口齿伶俐。她口齿伶俐。第13页(8)以详细事物代替抽象事物以详细事物代替抽象事物He lives by the pen.(=writing).他以写作为生。他以写作为生。He is too fond of the bottle(=drinking).他太贪杯了。他太贪杯了。I found the patriot(=patriotism)in him.我从他身上看到了爱国之心。我从他身上看到了爱国之心。Dont actplay the fool.不要装疯卖傻。不要装疯卖傻。Play the man!拿出男子汉气概来！拿出男子汉气概来！第14页(9)以抽象事物代替详细事物以抽象事物代替详细事物In the present instance,it was sickness and poverty together that she came to visit.(Jane Austen)在当前这种情况下，她一并前来探望是病人和在当前这种情况下，她一并前来探望是病人和穷人。穷人。It is a pity that there is more ignorance than knowledge in the country.该国未受教育人多于受过教育人，真是遗憾。该国未受教育人多于受过教育人，真是遗憾。第15页(10)以以“颜色词颜色词+名词名词”组成名词来组成名词来替换意义上与之相关名词替换意义上与之相关名词He is the black sheep in the family.他是他家害群之马。他是他家害群之马。He has a yellow streak.他有着怯懦性格。他有着怯懦性格。He might be the dark horse in the swimming contest.他在游泳赛中会意外取胜。他在游泳赛中会意外取胜。第16页This prize is the blue ribbon in mathematical research.这奖品是数学研究最高奖。这奖品是数学研究最高奖。*(blue ribbon系竞赛中第一名所得蓝色绶带。系竞赛中第一名所得蓝色绶带。)She didnt want to be looked upon as a blue stocking.她不想被人看成是女才子。她不想被人看成是女才子。第17页