2023年人教版七年级下册英语单元知识点总结及练习题.docx

一、词汇拓展
（1）work n&v.工作→ worker n.工人）
（2）tooth n.牙齿→teeth n.牙齿（tooth的复数形式)
（3）interest n.爱好，趣味v.使感爱好→interesting adj.令人感爱好的
→interested adj.有趣的；感爱好的
（4）dress v.穿衣服；给（某人）穿衣服→ dressed adj.穿着衣服的
n.连衣裙；衣服
（5）usual adj.一般的；通常的 →usually adv.通常；一般情况
（6）quick adj.快的；迅速的→ quickly ad.快地，迅速地
（7）ever adv.曾经→never adj.从不；绝不
（8funn.快乐，趣味adj.快乐的，有趣的→ funny adj.奇怪的；滑稽好笑的
一、 短语归纳
（1）what time 几点 （2） go to school 去上
（3）get up 起床 （4） take a shower 洗淋浴
（5） brush teeth 刷牙 （6） get to 到达
(7) do homework 做家庭作业 （8） go to work 去上班
（9） go home 回家 （10） eat vegetables 吃蔬菜
home , here , there是地点副词，表达成这几个地方去的时候，前面的介词要省略。
（11） from…to … 从……到…… （12） get home 到达家中
（13）either…or… 要么…要么… （14） go to bed 上床睡觉
（15）in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在上午/下午/晚上
（16） at night 在夜间 （17）. lots of=a lot of= much= many 许多，大量
（18）. radio station 广播电台 （19）. at night 在晚上
（20）. be late for=arrive late for 迟到（21 play computer games 玩电脑游戏
（22）.go to class上课 （23）.come back 回来
（24）.get/be dressed in+衣服名词或颜色名词表达穿着…衣服或…颜色的衣服=be in+颜色(穿戴…颜色衣服/帽子)
(25).dress sb.给某人穿衣/.dress oneself某人自己穿衣服/get dressed 穿上衣服
（26）.put on 穿上（反义词take off）
（27）.do one’s homework 做家庭作业
（28）work at the radio station 在电台工作
（29）eat quickly 吃得快
（30）eat breakfast =have breakfast/dinner/lunch 吃早、晚、午饭
（31）.take a shower 洗淋浴澡
（32）be late for school=come to school late上学迟到了
（33）take a walk=have a walk=go for a walk散步
（34）go out for a walk出去散步
（35）brush one’s teeth刷牙
（36）on school nights 在上学的晚上
（37）do morning exercises 做早操/do eye exercises 做眼保健操
（38）keep healthy / be healthy / stay healthy / keep in good health 保持健康
（39） What do you do ? =What are you ? =What’s your job ? 你是干什么的？
（40）get up early 起得很早 （41）play sports 做运动
（42） listen to 听… （43）unhealthy habits 不健康的习惯
（44）taste good味道很好
（45）have a very healthy life有一个健康的生活
（46）healthy activities 健康的活动
三、知识点 what time & when 引导的特殊疑问句
what time和when都可以对时间状语进行提问，用来询问什么时间。两者重要用法如下：
1. 对做某事的具体时间点进行询问时，when和what time均可用。如：
—When / What time do you go to school? —At eight o'clock.
2. 对钟表显示的具体时间进行询问时，即询问几点几分时，只能用what time。如：
—What time is it (now) ? = What's the time (now) ? (现在)几点了？ —It's 8:35.
3. 对非具体时间点进行询问时，只能用when。如：
—When is your School Day? —It's on Saturday.
四、知识点 英语钟点时刻的表达
1.当时间是整点时，可用“钟点数+o'clock”来表达，其中o'clock可以省略。如： 6:00 → six (o'clock)     
2. 当时间不是整点时，表达方式有以下两种：
顺读法：钟点数+分钟数。如： 9:08 → nine eight    14:40 → fourteen forty
逆读法：
1)当分钟数小于30时，用“分钟数+ past +钟点数”表达“几点过几分”。如：
8:09 → nine past eight
2) 当分钟数大于30时，用“(60－分钟数) + to +下一个钟点数”表达“差几分到几点”。如：
11:40 → twenty to twelve   
3) 当分钟数是30分时， 用half past +钟点数 , 表达“几点半”。如：
1:30 → half past one
4) 15分钟还可以用a quarter表达。如：
11:15 → a quarter past eleven 8:45 → a quarter to nine
3. 具体时间前面用介词at。
五、 知识点 词语辨析：family; house ; home的用法：
★family的意思是“家庭、家庭成员”，与居住的房子无关。强调家庭成员。 当family作为整体概念的“家庭”讲时是单数；当“家庭成员”讲时,以单数形式当复数用，谓语动词则用复数，如：
Mr Richard’s family is very large． 理查德先生家里的人很多（单数）
My family are very well．我家里人都很好。（复数）
★house的意思是“房屋、住宅”，一般对家人所居住的建筑物而言。 如： There are many new houses in our village．我们村里有很多新房子。
★home的意思是“家”，重要指一个人出生或居住的地方，房屋是其中的一部分，因而也有“家乡、故乡”的意思，它具有house所没有的感情色彩（如“团聚”、“思念”等），侧重个人出生、被抚养的环境和居住地点。
如： East or West，home is best． （金窝银窝不如自己的草窝。）
六、知识点 词语辨析：job ;work的用法：
★work 作不可数名词，有体力或脑力劳动的意思，也可以做动词用。
You have done a day's work in three hours.
The children were at school, my husband was at work and the house was quiet. 孩子们上学去了，我丈夫去上班了，所以家里很安静。
He is now out of work. 他现在失业了。
★job 作为“工作”解，job 是可数名词。
如：When you start a job, you must stick to it. 一旦你开始了一件工作，他就得持之以恒。
七、知识点 词语辨析： listen to, hear和sound的用法：
△listen to意为“注意听”，表达故意识地去听，但不一定听得见什么，强调听的动作。（listen不及物，listen to及物）
如：They are listening to the teacher. 他们在听老师说。
△hear意为“听见”，表达耳朵里听到了，但不一定故意识地听，强调听的结果。如：I’m sorry to hear that. 听到那个消息我很伤心。
△sound意为“听起来，听上去”，可作连系动词，后接形容词作表语，还可以和like连用。 例如：The music sounds sweet. 这音乐听起来悦耳。
八、知识点
频度副词是副词的一种,在初中阶段常用即always, usually, often, sometimes，never现将它们的用法归纳如下:   
1． always是频度最大的词,意为"总是；永远"。如:   
  I shall always remember my first day at school.
2． usually意为"通常",即很少例外,频度仅次于always。如:   
  What do you usually have for breakfast?你通常早餐吃什么？  
3． often意为"经常",在频度上不如usually那么频繁。如:   
  Li Ping often does his homework in the afternoon.李平经常在下午做作业。  
4．sometimes意为"有时候",频度比often小,表达动作偶尔发生,间断较大。如:   
  1.I sometimes go to the library.我有时去图书馆。  
  2.Sometimes I read a book in the evening.我有时在晚上看书。  
5.never 从不
九、知识点 一般现在时。（语法重点）
㈠一般现在时态的意义是：
1．表达现在的特性或状态。如：He is at home today. 他今天在家。
2．表达经常性、习惯性的动作。常和频率副词always, often, usually及every day等表达时间的短语连用。如：I go to school at 7:00 every day. 我天天7点钟去上学。 
3．表达主语具有的性格或能力。如：She likes pears very much. 她非常喜欢梨子。They speak English. 他们讲英语。       
㈡ 肯定陈述句：当主语是第一、二和第三人称复数时，谓语动词用原形。当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
 例如：①They stay at home on Sundays.     他们星期天呆在家。      
②He does his homework in the evening.     他在晚上做作业。       
㈢否认句：当主语是第一、二及第三人称复数时，否认句借助助动词do＋not，当主语是第三人称单数时，否认句借用does＋not，并将动词第三人称单数还原。
 例如：  ①They don’t stay at home on Sundays.     他们星期天不呆在家里。  ②He doesn’t do his homework in the evening.   他晚上不做作业。       
㈣疑问句：当主语是第一、第二及第三人称复数时，疑问句在句首加Do。当主语是第三人称单数时，疑问句在句首加Does，并把谓语第三人称单数还原。
例如：①Do they stay at home on Sundays?  他们星期天呆在家吗？       
②Does he do his homework in the evening?     他晚上做作业吗？  
练习题：
一、用所词给的适当形式填空。
1. My sister is very young (幼小的).She can’t brush her (she) teeth.
2.His parents go (go) to work at eight every morning.
3. Liu Dehua is a famous singer and he has (have) lots of fans.(歌迷)
4. That great writer(作家)often works (work) all night.
5. Let's _go___(go) home. It's a little late.
6．Either you or he ___is_____ (be) wrong.
7．Tom often gets up in the morning, so he has a __quick_____ breakfast and goes to school __quickly________ (quickly)．
8．This kind of fruit tastes very ____good________(well)．
9.Lucy is only two years old. She can’t get __dressed____(dress).
10.—what ___does___ Jack _do_____ (do) on Sunday evening?—He usually watches TV with his parents.
11.My grandpa can’t eat beans now. He doesn’t have strong _teeth______(tooth).
12.I know a ____funny_____(fun) story. Let me tell you.
13.My parents usually _exercise________ (exercise)on weekends.
二、单项选择
( B )1. —Do you know the______?
—Yes, it’s 10:30.
A. age　　 B. time　　 C. number　　 D. address
( C )2. What do you usually do ______ Sunday morning?
A. to　　 B. at　　 C. on　　 D. in
( D )3. It’s ten o’clock in the evening. Let’s_______________ .
A. go to school B. get up C. have lunch D. go to bed
( B )4. The little boy __________ every morning.
A. brushes his tooth B. brushes his teeth
C. brush his tooth D. brush his teeth
( C )5. — ___________ John often __________ school?—No, he isn’t.
A. Does; late for B. Is; late to C. Is; late for D. Does; late to
( B )6. I gave her _____ address and she gave me ______.
A. my; her B. my; hers C. mine; her D. mine; hers
( B )7. She’s _____________ girl.
A. an fifteen-years-old B. a fifteen-year-old C. a fifteen-years-old D. an fifteen-year-old
( D )8. My father doesn’t like milk. My mother doesn’t like milk, _______.
A. too B. also C. or D. either
( C )9.He always gets up early every morning，so he is ________ late for school.
A．always　　B．usually　　C．never　　　D．often
( A )10.—________ do you have supper?—At 7：00.
A．When　　B．Where　　C．What　　D．How
( A )11.Doing exercise every day is good ______ your health.
A．for B．at C．with D．in
( A )12. What time does Linda _______ after school?
A. do her homework B. does her homework
C. do her homeworks D. does her homeworks
( B )13. They often have lunch _______ 12:00.
A. in B. at C. on D. for
( B )14.When do you ________ every day?
A. go to home B. go home C. go a home D. go to the home
( D )15. Doing sports is good ______ your health.
A. in B. at C. on D. for
( A )16. She wants _____ an orange.
A to eat B. eating C. eat D. eats
( C )17._____ Mike_____his homework in the evening?
A. Do; do B. Do; does C .Does ;do D.Does ;/
( B )18. Dick never eats vegetables, so this is not a _____ life.
A. happy B. healthy C. interesting D. sad
( B )19. I go home __ __5:30 the afternoon.
A.at; on B. at; in C. at ;at D.in;/
( C )20. He _____ his homework on Sundays.
A doesn’t B. don't do C. doesn't do D. don't
( B )21. — Does the hamburger _____good?
— Yes. I want to eat another (另一个) one.
A. look B. taste C. sound D. make
( A )22. Fruit and vegetables are good_____ me. I eat them every day.
A. for B. with C. at D. to
( B )23. I’m sorry you can’t _____ because we have no water (水) now.
A. get up B. take a shower C. take a walk D. go to bed
( C ) 24. Doing exercise ________ good for your health.
A. be B. am C. is D. are
（ B ）25．The vegetable soup __________delicious. Can i have more?
　　 A．looks B．tastes C．sounds D．feels
（ B ）26．Hi,Jane. What time do you get up ________ weekdays?
－ I usually get up _______ about six o’clock.
  A．in, at                 B．on; at C．at ;at  D．on; on
( D )27．I have a new ________. So i have so much ________ to do .
A.work job B. work at, work C. job; job D. job; work
( D ) 28．________ the afternoon of June 2nd , many foreigners arrived ______ Shanghai.
      A. In ;at              B. On; to          C. In; in  D. On; in
( B )29.You need to brush your _________ after _________.
A. tooth; eat       B. teeth; eating      C. teeth; eat   D. tooth; eating
( C )30—Do you often go to the gym？—No，_____ . I don' like sports at all.
A. always B. usually C. never D. often
㈢完形填空。通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将其字母编号写在题号前的括号内。
I’m a middle school student. I think my life isn’t really __31______. Let me tell you __32___ it.
I go to school from Monday to Friday. I ___33____ get up before 7:30 in the morning, because I always go to bed late at night. After getting up, I wash my face and brush teeth.
I ___34_____ a healthy breakfast at 7:40. At 8:00, I walk to the bus stop. I take a ___35____to school. It takes __36______ 20 minutes to get there. School finishes at 14:30. When I get home, I do my ____37______ and study until 17:00. After that, I ___38______my mother make dinner. We have dinner at 18:00. Then i always__39_____friends on the computer. We talk about many things. I go to bed at 22:30.
My school days are boring, ___40_____ the weekends are another story. How is your life?
( C ) 31. A. difficult B. boring C.interesting D. right
( A ) 32. A. about B. on C. with D. to
( C ) 33. A.usually B. always C. never D. often
( B ) 34. A. cross B. have C. show D. work
( D ) 35. A. train B. bike C. subway D. bus
( A ) 36. A. me B. you C. us D. them
( C ) 37. A. model B. dream C. homework D. job
( B ) 38. A. taste B. help C. live D. call
( A )39. A.talk with B. ask for C. think of D. write to
( D ) 40. A. and B. or C. because D. but
B
Jenny gets up early in the morning. She has her breakfast and then goes to school. She walks to the bus stop and takes a bus, She gets to school at about half past seven.
Jenny is never late for school. She likes her school and works hard. Classes begin at 8:00. She has six classes every day. Jenny is good at all her lessons, and she likes English best.
Usually Jenny has lunch at school. She goes home at five in the afternoon. Sometimes, she helps her friends with their lessons. After supper she usually watches TV news. Then she does her homework. She goes to bed at about 9:30. Jenny is a good girL
( A )41. Where does Jenny have her breakfast?
A. She has her breakfast at home. B. She has her breakfast at school.
C. She has her breakfast on her way to school. D. She has her breakfast on the bus.
( C )42. How does Jenny do in herlessons?
A. She doesn't like going to school. B. She can’t do her lessons.
C. She does very well in her lessons D.She doesn’t know her lessons at all.
( D )43. How many hours is Jenny at school?
A. She is at school for seven hours. B. She is at school for seven and a half hours.
C. She is at school for eight hours. D. She is at school for nine and a half hours.
( B )44. What does Jenny sometimes do after school?
A. She has supper with her classmates at school B. She helps her friends with her lessons.
C. She does some shopping for her mother. D. She goes home with her friends.
( C )45. What does Jenny do after supper?
A. She watches TV and then goes to bed. B. She watches TV and does some housework.
C. She watches TV and does her homework. D. She reads her English and does some sports.