2023年大学四级英语写作常用句型考试必备.doc

大学英语写作常用句型
第四章 比较对照句型
1． 两者比较
The advantages derived from/gained in/of A far outweigh (are much greater than, carry more weight than) the advantages/benefits we gain from/in B (disadvantages/problem A entails).

To most college students, the advantages of taking up a job immediately after graduation outweigh those of continuing their studies. Just think of the higher salary a position in a big company can offer and more opportunities to be promoted after a few years of work. But on the contrary, to continue to study for a M.A. degree will not only take a student another three years, but cost him a great deal of money.

Although A has (enjoys, gains, secures) a (n) great (important, enormous, considerable, distinct) advantage of/over/in…it can’t compete/ be compared with B in…

Although newspaper enjoys a distinct advantage of covering an important new story in far greater detail, they can’t compete with television visually. The significance of some events, such as wars, space launchings and natural disasters is often best communicated by pictures, not words.

The quiet life of the country has never ceased to appeal to city residents who are dreaming of the friendly people, the clean atmosphere, the closeness to nature and gentle peace of living. Although they enjoy the comfort and convenience of city life, it cannot be compared with the first cockcrow, the twittering of birds at dawn, the sight of the rising sun glinting on the trees and pastures.

The effect of the comparison/ contrast is heightened by the special (particular, additional) advantage B enjoys.
The effect of the comparison between newspapers and television is heightened by the additional advantage newspapers enjoy. By nature, television is a passive medium. All we have to do is sit in front of the tube and “let it happen”. In contrast, the print media encourage active involvement in what’s being reported. The readers have to make greater efforts than TV viewers to follow and absorb the stories. But they acquire more than information. Reading improves our intellectual ability.

The effect of the contrast is heightened by another advantage we may gain from reading books. Our human friends sometimes may bore us, but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. There are times when we can not very well tell our friends to leave us alone, but by hurting their feelings. When human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement.

A sounds ridiculous (means nothing, appears trivial, is lost altogether) when B is mentioned/considered/taken into consideration.
The amount of money spent on a moon shot is trivial compared with the amount of the money the world spends in even a few days on warfare and weapons. And this money really does go down the drain, because war is unproductive, weapons are continually becoming obsolete, and killing people is, to say the least, a corrupt and self-defeating activity.

The landscape one views form train windows sounds ridiculous when the beautiful scenery one enjoys on a ship is mentioned. Just imagine the seas surging and crashing against the ship; the seagulls screaming and gliding one after another over the water, and creamy-white sails rolling and curving above the sparkling waves.
(Indeed/certainly, A carries/bears much little weight (plays a more/less important role, takes on little/special significance) as/when compared to/with B.)

For all/in spite of/despite the disadvantages/adverse effects B has, it has its compensating advantages/beneficial effects.
In spite of the increase in productivity, efficiency and convenience generated by telecommunication, the changes it brings could very well lead to potentially adverse consequences. For example, with activities being conducted form the home, we could all become hermit-like, never having any need to leave the house. This could lead to either increased conflicts in the home, or social isolation, or both. Furthermore, if we educate our children via home information systems, they might never be exposed to either peer pressure or social interaction.
Similar:
Obviously (there is no doubt that) it has its/ both drawbacks (disadvantages, negative effects) as well as/ and merits (advantages, positive effects).
Like anything else, it has also its faults (pitfalls, problems, disadvantages, harmful effects).

Nothing/few things can approach (equal, match, parallel, be compared with) B.
One may trace this trend/ problem/ phenomenon back to…
Nothing/few things are more…than…(as…as…)
Nothing can match an airplane for speed and comfort. It gets you to your destination so rapidly that you don’t have to devise ways of taking your mind off the journey. But for most students who lack the source of income and chiefly depend on parents for financial support, an air journey is too expensive to afford.

Nothing can equal the fear a child may feel in the dark, the horror of childish nightmares. Adults can share their fears with other adults; children invariably face their fears alone.

College students should be exposed, as much as possible to a variety of social and political ideas, especially to big debates and arguments going on among scholars and scientists. Big debates and arguments can stimulate their interest and help broaden their outlook. Few things in life, indeed, are as rewarding as observing a good fight between highly intelligent, highly trained and knowledgeable people.

2． 两者相同
A is/does no more…than/ not…any more than B is/does.
A is/does no less…than (as much…as, to…as/what) B is/does.
We must admit the difference between nations----rich nations, poor nations, nations with oil and nations without, nations with food to spare and nations where hunger is endemic. It is never intended by Nature that all nations should be equal any more than individuals are equal.

In our society success is still measured by income. And the desire that men feel to increase their income is quite as much a desire for success as for a comfortable life that a higher income can bring. However dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation.

Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not only a matter of salary but also even more a matter of self-esteem.

As/just as A… so B…
Just as freedom of trade and enterprise promise us a growing economy and produces a wide variety of goods in the commodity marketplace, so freedom of speech gives us a rich cultural diversity and produces a freewheeling competition in the cultural marketplace.

The same thing is true of (goes for/ with, happens to, applies to) B.
Like…(similarly, likewise, in the same way,)
However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway. The same goes for the cyclist who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time.

A and B have/ share several things in common. Both…
A bears some/many/little close (striking, startling) resemblances to B.
There is/are little/some resemblances between A and B.
A… So/Nor is /are/can B.
The jobs held by most migrant workers have two important features in common: (1) they are physically dirty or dangerous or undignified; (2) in comparison with jobs held by city residents, they are poorly paid. So they are jobs city residents are unwilling to take.

Innovations bear some resemblance to shooting at the goal. They almost always come out of laborious trial and error. Even the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score. The point is that the players who score most are the ones who take the most shots at the goal----and so goes with innovation in any field of activity.

3． 两者不同
A and B differ/ are different in several ways.
There are some basic/marked differences between A and B.
Unlike B, A…
Television is different form all other media. From cradle to grave, it penetrates nearly every home in the land. Unlike the movies, it runs continuously, and once purchased, costs almost nothing. Unlike radio, it can show as well as tell. Unlike the theatre or movies, it does not require leaving your home. With virtually unlimited access, television both precedes literacy and, increasingly, preempts it.

A… But the same cannot be said for/applied to B.
An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement. But the same can’t be said for male workers. And withdrawal from employment to complete domesticity is a far less threatening experience for older women than it is for men.

In the past/many years ago… But now/today… has changed/altered. (is no longer…)
Another major change has been in career opportunities. Fifty years ago the only jobs available to woman were domestic work and, if properly educated, teaching jobs. But today’s woman is no longer stereotyped into certain jobs. She has many opportunities open to her, as a business executive, engineer, government leader, and on and on.