一般过去时和过去进行时回顾.doc

一般过去时和过去进行时回顾
★ 一般过去时篇
【结构】
一般过去时的基本结构是：
①当谓语动词是be动词时：主语 + was / were …
②当谓语动词是其它动词时：主语 + 动词过去式
【例句呈现】
请观察下面的句子，体会一下一般过去时在各句中的用法及其表示的意义。
1) We moved here five years ago.
我们五年前搬到这里。
2) Julia caught a bad cold yesterday.
朱丽亚昨天得了重感冒。
3) When I was a child we often went to the seaside in August.
在我小的时候，我们经常在八月份去海边。
4) The children often swam in this river before the factory was built here.
在这里修建了这座工厂之前，孩子们经常在这条河中游泳。
5) I used to read newspapers after breakfast.
我以前经常在早餐后读报纸。
6) Mary would stay at home and read a book whenever it rained.
(以前)每当下雨的时候，玛丽就会呆在家中看书。
7) I wanted to ask you if you could help me.
我想问你是否能帮助我。
8) We wished you could go for a picnic with us.
我们希望你能跟我们一起去野餐。
9) Would you like a glass of beer?
想要一杯啤酒吗？
10) Should I call him tonight?
我应该今晚给他打电话吗？
11) I think it might rain soon.
我认为可能会下雨。
12) My secretary said that she would let me know as soon as she got the information.
我的秘书说，她得到消息后马上就会让我知道。
13) I wish I had a better memory.
真希望我的记性能好一点。
14) I’d rather you came tomorrow.
我宁愿你明天来。
15) It’s time that he did his homework.
该他做作业的时间了。
16）He put down the heavy box，took out the keys，and opened the door.
　　他放下这沉重的箱子，掏出钥匙开了房门。
17）They moved the chairs to the table，sat down and began to have supper.
　　他们把椅子搬到桌边，坐下开始吃饭。

【主要用法归纳及例句解读】
(1)表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去时间的副词yesterday, the other day, last week (year, night, month …), in 1989, two hours ago, just now等连用，如1)、2)两句；有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态，也需要用一般过去时，如：
I didn’t know you were in Paris.
我不知道你在巴黎。(说话时“我”已经知道“你”在巴黎了，这句话指的是说话之前的状态，应该用过去时表示)
(2)表示过去一段时间经常或反复发生的动作。这时可与频度副词often, usually, always等连用，如3)、4)两句；
(3)表示过去经常发生的动作、过去的习惯等，也可用used to / would + 动词原形 (其中used to表示“过去经常，而今不再”)，如5)、6)两句；
(4) want, hope, wish, wonder, think等动词可用一般过去时表示现在的一种委婉的语气或一种试探性的态度，如7)、8)两句；
(5) 情态动词的过去式，如could, would, should, might等可用于现在或将来，表示一种委婉的语气，如9), 10), 11)三句；
(6) 有些时候，从句的动作不一定表示过去，但为了与主句的谓语动词在时态上保持一致，也会使用一般过去时，如句12)。
(7) 用在would rather, wish, it’s time that后面的从句中(虚拟语气)，表示与现在的事实相反的情况，如13), 14), 15)两句。
(8) 过去发生的一连串动作，若用and，or，but等并列连词连接，则一律用过去式,如16), 17)

★过去进行时篇
【结构】
过去进行时的基本结构：主语 + was / were + 动词的现在分词形式
【例句呈现】
请继续观察下面的句子，认真体会过去进行时在句中的具体用法。
1) At this time, the man downstairs was trying to sleep.
这个时候，楼下的男人正设法入睡。
2) What was David doing at 8:00 yesterday morning?
昨天早上八点，大卫在做什么？
3) The Browns were cleaning the house from 8 to 9.
从八点到九点这段时间，布朗一家在打扫房子。
4) The last time I saw her, she was planning to have a holiday.
上次我见到她的时候，她正盘算着要休个假。
5) Catherine didn’t like her roommates, because they were always borrowing things from her.
凯瑟琳不喜欢她的室友，因为她们总是借她的东西。
6) The colleagues didn’t want him to leave the department because he was always helping others.
同事们不想让他离开这个部门，因为他总会帮别人的忙。
7) The headmaster told us that the President was arriving soon.
校长告诉我们总统就要来了。
8) The couple said they were leaving for Chicago the next month.
夫妇俩说，他们下个月要去芝加哥。
9) I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.
10) I saw him while I was walking to the station.
11) It was a dark night. The wind was blowing and the rain was falling heavily.
12) I was wondering if you could give me a lift.
13) I was hoping you could send me home.
【主要用法归纳及例句解读】
(1) 表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作，如1)、2)、3)三句；
(2) 表示在过去相对较长一段时间内正在进行的动作，但是说话时不一定在做此动作，如句4)。
(3) 过去进行时与always, usually等连用时，表示过去反复进行的动作，含有赞扬、不满等感情色彩。如句5)表示不满，句6)表示表示赞扬的感情色彩；
(4) 表示过去将要发生的动作，常出现这种用法的动词有come, go, leave, start, arrive等，如7)、8)两句。
(5) 表示动作或故事发生的背景，如9), 10),11)。
(6) 表示婉转语气，只限于wonder, hope, want等词，用以提出要求。如12), 13)。

区别：
①I was reading the book at that time.
I read the book yesterday.
②When he was a boy , he would often go there .
She isn't what she used to be.
③ I often went to swim while I was living in Beijing.
My uncle lived in London for three years.

★真题演练
1. — Have you known Dr Jackson for a long time?
— Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society. (2008 全国I)
A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined
2. I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through. Her brother _____ on the phone all the time! (2008 湖南)
A. was talking B. has been talking C. has talked D. talked
3. I don’t believe you’ve already finished reading the book — I _____it to you this morning! (2008 浙江)
A. would lend B. was lending C. had lent D. lent
4. He _______ football regularly for many years when he was young. (2008 天津)
A. was playing B. played C. has played D. had played
5. — Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.
— Oh, nothing much. In fact, I ________ of my friends back home. (2007 全国II)
A. have just thought B. was just thinking
C. would just think D. will just be thinking
6. — I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.
— Impossible. She TV with me in my home then. (2007 福建)
A. watched B. had watched C. would watch D. was watching
7. — Ouch! You hurt me!
— I am sorry. But I any harm. I to drive a rat out. (2007 江西)
A. didn’t mean; tried B. don’t mean; am trying
C. haven’t meant; tried D. didn’t mean; was trying
8. — Jack bought a new mobile phone the other day.
— ________? That’s his third one in just one month. (2007 浙江)
A. Had he B. Did he C. Does he D. Has he

Keys: 1-5 DADBB 6-8 DDB

练习：用括号中动词的适当形式填空。
1. I          ( break ) a glass while I          ( cook ) the dinner.
2. My brother          always          ( lose ) his key when he         ( be ) a
  little child.
3. “Bob has gone to New York, I hear.” “Oh, I wonder when he          ( leave ).”
4. Shirley          ( write ) a book about China last year, but I don’t know whether she
  has finished it.
5. Oh, you have been here already. I          ( think ) you          ( not come )
  until tomorrow.
6. Our teacher told us that Columbus          ( discover ) America in 1492.
7. I saw Tom yesterday but I          ( not speak ) to him because he
           ( talk ) to a wounded girl.
8. As she          ( read ) the newspaper, Granny          ( fall ) asleep.
9. The last time I          ( see ) Jane, she          ( pick ) cotton in the field.
10. --- Tell me what you          ( do ) at eight yesterday evening.
 --- I          ( watch )TV.
11. It          ( rain ) when they left the station.
12. ---What were you doing when he came to see you?
 --- I had just put on my overcoat and          ( leave ) to visit a friend of mine.
13. Tom          ( go ) into the house when no one          ( look ).
14. Alice          （ make ）a dress when she          ( cut ) her finger.
15. He said that he          ( work ) all day on Sunday.
Key:
1. broke; was cooking   2. was …losing; was   3. left   4. was writing   5. thought; were not coming   6. discovered   7. didn't speak ; was talking   8. was reading; fell   9. saw; was picking   10. were doing; was watching   11. was raining   12. was leaving   13.went; was looking   14. was making; cut   15. was working