初升高英语衔接班第6讲.doc
《初升高英语衔接班第6讲.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《初升高英语衔接班第6讲.doc(10页珍藏版)》请在咨信网上搜索。
1、【同步教育信息】一. 本周教学内容初升高英语衔接班第6讲再看宾语从句及初谈直接引语与间接引语二. 重、难点(一)宾语从句宾语从句是名词性从句之一,在谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、分词、动名词之后都可带有宾语从句。某些形容词(如:sure , happy , glad , certain , pleased等)之后也可以带有宾语从句。1. 由that引导的宾语从句:that引导的是一个陈述句,在宾语从句中只起连接的作用,没有含义,也不在从句中充当任何成份,因而在口语和非正式场合常可以省略,这一点请大家区分一下引导定语从句的that,这两种情况是很不相同的,不可混淆。eg.I think that
2、it is necessary for the peoples health to get rid of the pollution of noise . 我认为消除噪音污染对人们的健康是必要的。Hearing that his son was badly wounded , he rushed to the hospital to see him . 他听说儿子受了重伤,急忙赶到医院去看望他。The mother likes saying that she has a good daughter . 母亲喜欢说她有一个好女儿。I am sure(that)she will like the
3、present . 我确信她会喜欢这个礼物的。We are glad(that)so many old friends will come to our party . 我们很高兴这么多老朋友要来参加我们的聚会。The headmaster said that we would visit the science museum the next Sunday . 校长说下周日我们将去参观科学博物馆。Our teacher of physics suggested that we(should)try to make some electronic toys ourselves . 我们的物理老
4、师建议我们自己应试着做一些电动玩具。注意:在suggest,demand,order,insist等表示“要求;建议”等的动词之后的宾语从句中,谓语用“动词原形或should+动词原形”结构。2. 由whether,if引导的宾语从句,它们引导的是一般疑问句,在从句中有含义(是否),不充当成份,不可以省去。一般情况下,if和whether可以互换,但有的情况下只能用whether,不可用if:(1)当后接不定式时,只能用whether,不能用if。(2)用于句首时不可用if,只能用whether表示“是否”。(3)后面有or not时,只可以用whether,不能用if。当然if还有“如果”之
5、意,引导条件状语从句,而whether则无此功能。eg.I want to know whether(if)you can repair the recorder for me . 我想知道你能否帮我修录音机。She asked whether(if)there were any chemists shops in this street . 她问这条街上有没有药房。3. 由who,what,how,which,whose,where,when,why等引导的宾语从句。如:Please tell me who came first this morning . 请告诉我今天早晨谁第一个来的。T
6、he reporter will talk to us about what he saw and heard in Japan . 这个记者要给我们谈谈他在日本的见闻。The listeners were much interested in how the man became an artist . 听众对于他是如何成为艺术家的事情非常感兴趣。Please show me which bus I should take to get to the Peoples Park . 请您指点一下,我到人民公园应乘哪路公共汽车。I want to know whose pen is left o
7、n the table in the reading room . 我想知道谁的笔落在阅览室的桌子上了。Do you know where the museum is ? 你知道这个博物馆在哪儿吗?Please tell me when Einstein won the Nobel Prize for physics . 请告诉我爱因斯坦什么时候获得诺贝尔物理学奖金的。Please explain to me why heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed . 请给我解释一下,为什么重的物体和轻的物体下落速度是一样的。4.
8、宾语从句的时态:把握宾语从句的时态要知道其时态是由主句决定的,当主句为现在的时态时,从句根据自身的需要选用任一个时态;当主句为过去时的时候,从句也要用过去的一种时态,但此时要注意:如果从句表示的是客观真理,则仍使用一般现在时,不可换为过去时。另外,我们要注意区分客观真理与一般性的事实。如“他昨天告诉我他的哥哥是个医生。”这句话中的从句表示的就属于一般性事实,这时的从句应用过去时,但在口语或非正式的场合下,也有使用一般现在时的情况,正式、规范的英文还是要变成过去时,说成He told me that his brother was a doctor yesterday . 5. 注意宾语从句的语
9、序:在引导词后面的从句都应为陈述句语序,而不可以是一般疑问句的顺序。6. 另外还要注意由what,where,how引导的宾语从句,当主句的主语与从句的主语相同时可转换成“疑问词+动词不定式”的简单句形式。如:I am not sure which sweater I should choose . = I am not sure which sweater to choose . (二)初谈直接引语与间接引语1. 概述:说话人在转述别人的话时,可以一字不差地加以引用,被引用的话在语法上叫做直接引语。如:John said , “ I am going to London next week
10、. ” 约翰说:“下周我将要去伦敦。”She said , “ We have enough time to finish the work . ” 她说:“我们有足够的时间完成这项工作。”说话人用自己的话转述别人的话时,可以对原话有所更动,这叫做间接引语。如:John said that he was going to London the next week . 约翰说他下周要去伦敦。She said that they had enough time to finish the work .她说他们有足够的时间完成这项工作。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号,间接
11、引语不用引号。2. 各种句式的变化:(1)陈述句:直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that在口语中常省略),从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语等要做相应的变化。如:He said to me , “ I broke your CD player . ” He told me that he had broken my CD player . She said , “ Ill go there tomorrow . ” She said that she would come here the next / following day . He said , “ The
12、se books are mine . ” He said that those books were his . She said , “ Ill come here this afternoon . ” She said that she would go there that afternoon . He said , “ Light travels much faster than sound . ” He said that light travels much faster than sound . (注意:直接引语若是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变)(2)疑问句: 一般疑问句
13、:要用连词whether或if引导。主句中的谓语动词是said时,要改为asked。没有间接宾语时,可以加一个间接宾语(me,him或us等)。如:He said , “ Are you interested in English ? ” He asked(me)if I was interest in English . 特殊疑问句:仍用原来的疑问词引导。如:“ What can I do for you ? ” he asked me . He asked(me)what he could do for me . 祈使句:转述祈使句时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式,并在不定式前面
14、根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词,其句型是:tell / ask / order sb.(not)to do sth.。如果祈使句为否定式,在不定式的前面加上not。如:“ Make sure the door is shut , ” she said to her little son . She told her little son to make sure the door was shut . “ Dont smoke in the room , ” he said to me . He told me not to smoke in the room . 【典型
15、例题】例1 I think its going to be a big problem . (2002北京春季)Yes , it could be . I wonder we can do about it . A. if B. how C. what D. that答案:选择C。评析:直接引语和间接引语都是宾语。本题考查宾语从句的引导词问题,根据题意,需要一个既能引导宾语从句又能在宾语从句中作do的宾语的词。因此C为正确选择。例2 Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see .(2000上海)A. who is he B. who he is C
16、. who is it D. who it is答案:D评析:宾语从句要用陈述句语序。当不清楚所谈到的人是男是女时,要用代词it,不用she或he。例3 Quite a few people used to believe that disaster if a mirror was broken .(2002上海)A. was sure of striking B. was sure of having struckC. was sure to be struckD. was sure to strike答案:D评析:本句意为“过去很多人相信如果镜子碎了之后灾难就会降临。”用be sure t
17、o do的句型,此处的strike为不及物动词。例4 What does she want ? I dont know what .A. does she want B. did she wantC. she wantedD. she wants答案:D评析:宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序,因而排除A、B,而由问句的时态及主句的时态判断应为一般现在时,故选D。例5 I dont know if she . But if she , Ill let you know . A. will come , comes B. will come , will comeC. comes , comesD.
18、comes , will come答案:选择A评析:if可引导两种从句,宾语从句(第一个if)和条件状语从句(第二个if),宾语从句时态由主句决定,而条件状语从句符合“主将从现”的要求,故选A。【模拟试题】综合练习(一)1. Great Wall is longest wall in the world . A. The , the B. A , a C. The , a D. A , the2. Is this your bedroom ? No , its room . A. the children B. the childrens C. of the children D. a chi
19、ldrens3. The water behind the Three Gorges Dam(三峡大坝)should be higher than downstream(下游).A. sixty-five meter B. sixty-fifth meter C. sixty-five meters D. sixty-fifth meters4. He spoke very fast and very people understood what he said . A. little B. a little C. few D. a few5. children there are in a
20、family , their life will be . A. The less , the better B. The fewer , the better C. Fewer , richer D. More , poorer6. did you like the trip to Hainan ? It was wonderful . A. When B. How C. Where D. What7. Taiwan is the southeast of China . A. in B. to C. on D. at8. He was riding to school he was hit
21、 by a car this morning . A. while B. when C. as D. so9. I take some photos in the hall ? No , you .A. Can , neednt B. Must , mustnt C. Could , wont D. May , mustnt10. Youd better to send me an email when you get home . A. not to forget B. dont forget C. to not forget D. not forget11. How about to th
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 初升 英语 衔接
1、咨信平台为文档C2C交易模式,即用户上传的文档直接被用户下载,收益归上传人(含作者)所有;本站仅是提供信息存储空间和展示预览,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容不做任何修改或编辑。所展示的作品文档包括内容和图片全部来源于网络用户和作者上传投稿,我们不确定上传用户享有完全著作权,根据《信息网络传播权保护条例》,如果侵犯了您的版权、权益或隐私,请联系我们,核实后会尽快下架及时删除,并可随时和客服了解处理情况,尊重保护知识产权我们共同努力。
2、文档的总页数、文档格式和文档大小以系统显示为准(内容中显示的页数不一定正确),网站客服只以系统显示的页数、文件格式、文档大小作为仲裁依据,平台无法对文档的真实性、完整性、权威性、准确性、专业性及其观点立场做任何保证或承诺,下载前须认真查看,确认无误后再购买,务必慎重购买;若有违法违纪将进行移交司法处理,若涉侵权平台将进行基本处罚并下架。
3、本站所有内容均由用户上传,付费前请自行鉴别,如您付费,意味着您已接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不进行额外附加服务,虚拟产品一经售出概不退款(未进行购买下载可退充值款),文档一经付费(服务费)、不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
4、如你看到网页展示的文档有www.zixin.com.cn水印,是因预览和防盗链等技术需要对页面进行转换压缩成图而已,我们并不对上传的文档进行任何编辑或修改,文档下载后都不会有水印标识(原文档上传前个别存留的除外),下载后原文更清晰;试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓;PPT和DOC文档可被视为“模板”,允许上传人保留章节、目录结构的情况下删减部份的内容;PDF文档不管是原文档转换或图片扫描而得,本站不作要求视为允许,下载前自行私信或留言给上传者【人****来】。
5、本文档所展示的图片、画像、字体、音乐的版权可能需版权方额外授权,请谨慎使用;网站提供的党政主题相关内容(国旗、国徽、党徽--等)目的在于配合国家政策宣传,仅限个人学习分享使用,禁止用于任何广告和商用目的。
6、文档遇到问题,请及时私信或留言给本站上传会员【人****来】,需本站解决可联系【 微信客服】、【 QQ客服】,若有其他问题请点击或扫码反馈【 服务填表】;文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“【 版权申诉】”(推荐),意见反馈和侵权处理邮箱:1219186828@qq.com;也可以拔打客服电话:4008-655-100;投诉/维权电话:4009-655-100。