高中英语句子成分和结构省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。nounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing V-edetc.主主语语谓谓语语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾补宾补表语表语宾语宾语(间间)宾语宾语(直直)Vt系动词系动词ViNoun/PronounThe+adjV-ing/ClauseInfinitiveNoun/Pronoun/The+adjV-ing/Clause/Infinitivebe/feel/seem/lookappear/stand/lie become/get/grow/turn go/come/remain/keeptaste/smell etc.nounpronounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing/V-edclauseetc.第1页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。Members of a sentence主语主语 subject谓语谓语 predicate宾语宾语 object表语表语 predicative宾补宾补 complement定语定语 attribute状语状语 adverbial同位语同位语 appositive第2页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.主主语语谓谓语语定定语语宾宾语语同同位位语语状状语语第3页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。主语（主语（subject）句子说明人或事物,主语普通位于_。句首句首Lily llikes her new bike.To learn English well is not easy.第4页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。（二）谓语（二）谓语（二）谓语（二）谓语（predicate)predicate)predicate)predicate)：由动词或动词短语充当，位置普通放于主语后面。由动词或动词短语充当，位置普通放于主语后面。由动词或动词短语充当，位置普通放于主语后面。由动词或动词短语充当，位置普通放于主语后面。He works very hard.谓语谓语谓语谓语The weather is very nice today.谓语谓语谓语谓语 He looked up the word in the dictionary.谓语谓语谓语谓语第5页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。How many do you want?-I want two.They sent the injured to hospital.They asked to see my passport.I enjoy working with you.Did you write down what he said?(数数词词)(名名词词化形容化形容词词)(三三)宾语（宾语（object）动作对象或承受者，动作对象或承受者，由由n.或相当于或相当于n.词担任。词担任。置于置于_或或_之后。之后。（不定式）（不定式）（动名词）（动名词）（句子）（句子）及物动词及物动词介词介词第6页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。通通常常情情况况下下，指指物物叫叫直直接接宾宾语语，指指人人叫叫间间接接宾宾语。间接宾语多放在直接宾语之前。语。间接宾语多放在直接宾语之前。间接间接宾语宾语直接直接宾语宾语please pass me the book.He bought his girlfriend some flowers.He gave me some books.第7页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。（四）（四）（四）（四）定语定语定语定语:(attribute)(attribute)（Noun/PronounNoun/Pronoun）这是一节生动有趣课这是一节生动有趣课这是一节生动有趣课这是一节生动有趣课This is a lively and interesting class.有一些难题要处理有一些难题要处理有一些难题要处理有一些难题要处理There is something difficult to deal with.前置定语前置定语后置定语后置定语Tips:Tips:形容词作定语时通常放在被修饰词前面，而介词短语、不形容词作定语时通常放在被修饰词前面，而介词短语、不形容词作定语时通常放在被修饰词前面，而介词短语、不形容词作定语时通常放在被修饰词前面，而介词短语、不定式短语则放在被修饰词之后。定式短语则放在被修饰词之后。定式短语则放在被修饰词之后。定式短语则放在被修饰词之后。第8页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。（五）（五）（五）（五）表语（表语（表语（表语（predicativepredicative）连系动词连系动词连系动词连系动词1.be1.be动词动词(am,is,are,was,were)(am,is,are,was,were)3.3.感官动词感官动词(look,smell,hear,feel(look,smell,hear,feel)+表语表语表语表语2.2.表状态改变动词表状态改变动词(get/become/turn/keep/remain/stay)(get/become/turn/keep/remain/stay)My sister is a nurse.My sister is a nurse.She got angry.She got angry.第9页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。I found the book interesting.Do you smell something burning?He made himself known to them.（六）（六）宾语补宾语补足足语语 （object complement）第10页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。(七七七七)同位语同位语同位语同位语:(appositive)(appositive)我们有两个孩子，一男一女我们有两个孩子，一男一女我们有两个孩子，一男一女我们有两个孩子，一男一女We have two children,a boy and a girl.那人是我老师，他从来都不骑自行车那人是我老师，他从来都不骑自行车那人是我老师，他从来都不骑自行车那人是我老师，他从来都不骑自行车The man,my teacher,never rides a bike.当两个同一事物句子成份放在同等位置时，一个句子成份可被用当两个同一事物句子成份放在同等位置时，一个句子成份可被用当两个同一事物句子成份放在同等位置时，一个句子成份可被用当两个同一事物句子成份放在同等位置时，一个句子成份可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成份，前者就叫做后者同位语。来说明或解释另一个句子成份，前者就叫做后者同位语。来说明或解释另一个句子成份，前者就叫做后者同位语。来说明或解释另一个句子成份，前者就叫做后者同位语。第11页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。八八八八.状语状语状语状语:(adverbial)(adverbial)状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句句子成份；按用状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句句子成份；按用状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句句子成份；按用状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句句子成份；按用途分，可分为途分，可分为途分，可分为途分，可分为时间，地点，原因，结果，目标，条件，让时间，地点，原因，结果，目标，条件，让时间，地点，原因，结果，目标，条件，让时间，地点，原因，结果，目标，条件，让步，程度，方式，伴随情况步，程度，方式，伴随情况步，程度，方式，伴随情况步，程度，方式，伴随情况等。等。等。等。第12页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。表时间：yesterday,today,tomorrow Shall we go shopping today or tomorrow?我们是今天还是明天出去买东西啊？我们是今天还是明天出去买东西啊？我们是今天还是明天出去买东西啊？我们是今天还是明天出去买东西啊？表地点：in China,at the airport I saw a student in the classroom.我在教室里看见一个学生我在教室里看见一个学生我在教室里看见一个学生我在教室里看见一个学生第13页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。表原因:because,as,for,since他因为生病所以今天没有去上学他因为生病所以今天没有去上学他因为生病所以今天没有去上学他因为生病所以今天没有去上学 Because he was ill,he didnt go to school today.表结果：to+do,v+ing,从句那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了The boy fell off the tree,striking his head against the ground.表目:in order to,in order that,for the purpose为了考入一个愈加好学校，我必须愈加努力为了考入一个愈加好学校，我必须愈加努力为了考入一个愈加好学校，我必须愈加努力为了考入一个愈加好学校，我必须愈加努力In order to get into a better school,I must study even harder.第14页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。表条件:as/so long as,if,unless,只要努力学习，你就会取得好成绩只要努力学习，你就会取得好成绩只要努力学习，你就会取得好成绩只要努力学习，你就会取得好成绩As long as you study hard,you can get a high mark.表让步:in spite of,despite,although,though他即使不认识我，但却帮了我他即使不认识我，但却帮了我他即使不认识我，但却帮了我他即使不认识我，但却帮了我He helped me although he didnt know me.表程度:very,enough,to some extent那里风景非常漂亮那里风景非常漂亮那里风景非常漂亮那里风景非常漂亮The scenery there is very beautiful.第15页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。表方式:like that,as,as if不要那样看我不要那样看我不要那样看我不要那样看我Dont look at me like that!表伴随情况：老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书The teacher came into the classroom,catching a book in his hand.with第16页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。画出以下句子状语画出以下句子状语 I will be back in a while.They are playing on the playground.He was late because he got up late.He got up so late that I missed the train.I waited to see you.He often went to school by bus.His parents died,leaving him an orphan.Please call me if it is necessary.This book is very interesting.He went to school in spite of his illness.第17页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。consolidation第18页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。指出以下句子划线部分是什么句子成份：指出以下句子划线部分是什么句子成份：1.The students got on the school bus.2.He handed me the newspaper.3.I shall answer your question after class.4.What a beautiful Chinese painting!5.They went hunting together early in the morning.6.His job is to train swimmers.7.He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8.He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.9.His wish is to become a scientist.10.Do you have anything else to say?第19页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。Five basic sentence pattern英语五大基本句型英语五大基本句型一一:(主主谓谓)二二:(主系表主系表)三三:(主主谓谓宾宾)四四:(主主谓谓间宾间宾直直宾宾)五五:(主主谓谓宾宾宾补宾补)第20页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。1.(主主谓谓)是是不及物不及物动词动词1.The sun rose.2.What he said does not matter.3.They talked for half an hour.第21页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。2.+(系系动词动词)+(表表语语)1.The dinner smells good.2.Everything looks different.3.Our well has gone dry.4.His face turned red.第22页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。3.S+V+O(V是及物动词是及物动词)比如：1.I saw a film yesterday.2.They built a house last year.3.You should look after your children well.第23页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。4.S+V+O1+O2(V是及物动词是及物动词)在此句式中，V是带有双宾语及物动词。常见带有双宾语动词有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get,rob,warn等。例：she ordered herself a new dress.she cooked her husband a delicious meal.第24页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。5.S+V+O+C The war made him a soldier.New methods make the job easy.Tips：宾语与其补足语有逻辑上主谓关系第25页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。a.b.c.d.e.1.Please tell us a story._2.She smiled._3.His job is to train swimmers._4.He noticed a man enter the room._5.Please look at the picture._dabec Practice 第26页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。Nobody went.She became a doctor.The car caught fire.I will write you a long letter.I will let him go.主主 +谓谓主主+系系 +表表主主 +谓谓 +宾宾主主+谓谓 +间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语主主+谓谓 +宾宾+宾补宾补第27页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。Translate the following sentences into English1.你故事听起来很有趣。2.我感到有一点累。3.我妹妹是在农村长大。4.这家医院创建于1950年。5.他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。第28页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。6、他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快将其喝光。7、顺便问一下，她把钱付给你了吗？8、下学期谁教你们生物？9、他总是把他卧室收拾得干洁净净10、什么促使你这么想？第29页文档仅供参考，如有不当之处，请联系改正。Thank you!第30页