2023年同等学力英语真题及详解bytigeress.doc

Paper One试卷一（90 minutes）
Part Ⅰ Dialogue Communication（10minutes，10 points）
Section A Dialogue Completion
Direction：In this section，you will read five short incomplete dialogues between two speakers，each followed by four choices marked A，B，C，and D. Choose the best answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1. A：Sorry to bother you，but could you tell me the way to Sunset Road？
B：
A. Sorry，I couldn’t help. B. Yes，what can I do for you？
C. I’m afraid I have no idea. D. It’s not too far from here，is it？
2. A：Do you do exercises every day？
B：
A. No，it depends on what kind of exercise.
B. No，I go to health club most of the time.
C. Yes，usually every other day.
D. Yes，rain or shine.
3. A：That was a delicious meal，Mrs. Barr. Thank you very much.
B：
A. You’re welcome. B. Never mind.
C. It doesn’t matter. D. It’s just OK.
4. A：I have a last favor to ask of you. Could you drive my daughter to the airport？
B：
A. Shall I get the ticket for her. B. Yeah，I like that.
C. You bet I will. D. Sure， it’d be a pleasure.
5. A：May I see the dentist now？
B：
A. Is it a real emergency？
B. Do you have an appointment？
C. In that case，you’ll have to wait.
D. I’ll talk to the dentist and squeeze you in.
Section B Dialogue Comprehension
Direction：In this section，you will read five short conversations between a man and a woman，At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A，B，C，and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
6. Man：I’m going to ask the neighbors to turn the music down. I can’t hear myself think.
Woman：Do you really think it makes my difference to them？
Question：What does the woman mean？
A. He should have told them earlier. B. It is of no use to turn the music down.
C. The neighbors will not listen to him. D. He should focus on his own thinking.
7. Man：What shall we take for the rap？
Woman：We’d better take the bare necessities.
Question：What does the woman suggest？
A. They should take as little as possible.
B. They should take their daily necessities.
C. They should take as much as they can.
D. They should take nothing with them.
8. Woman：We are going to go away on vacation ... Can you hear me？
Man：I’m all ears.
Question：What does the man mean？
A. He is listening attentively. B. He couldn’t care less.
C. He likes the woman’s idea. D. He is against the woman’s plan.
9. Woman：I’m really behind with my project. Can you help me？
Man：I’m afraid you bit off more than you could chew！
Question：What does the man mean？
A. He is not willing to help the woman.
B. The woman is unable to do the project.
C. The woman is doing more than she can manage.
D. He is not in a position to help the woman.
10. Woman：There’s Bill on his motorcycle again. Did he get it fixed in the garage？
Man：Don’t be silly. That would have been a waste of money. It only had a flat tire.
Question：What does the man imply？
A. The woman was so silly as to waste much money.
B. It was costly to have the motorcycle fixed in the garage.
C. Bill must have repaired my motorcycle himself.
D. There was a serious problem with the motorcycle.
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary（10 minutes，10 points）
Section A
Direction：In this section there are ten sentences，each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A，B，C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
11. Readers are required to abide by the rules of the library and mind their manners.
A. observe B. memorize C. review D. compose
12. The coach explained the regulations at length to make sure that none of his players would become violators.
A. at last B. at large C. in detail D. in short
13. The cost of healthcare and health insurance remains the most urgent health problem facing the country today.
A. pressing B. important C. neglected D. complicated
14. She believes that she is not a good mother because she does not fit the stereotype of a woman who spends all her time with her children.
A. popular image B. common standard
C. fixed conception D. pleasant notion
15. Thus the most logical approach is to focus our analysis on the trade relations of Spain with other European countries.
A. reasoning B. conclusion C. position D. method
16. We no longer keep up the close friendship of a few years ago though we still visit each other on occasion.
A. in good time B. up to date
C. now and then D. once and for all
17. The university offered several more courses for the purpose of furthering the career aspirations of its students.
A. ambitions B. achievements C. advantages D. advances
18. Many women prefer to use cosmetics to enhance their beauty and make them look younger.
A. enforce B. magnify C. improve D. polish
19. The leaders of the two countries are planning their summit meeting with a pledge to maintain and develop good ties.
A. strategy B. standpoint C. promise D. priority
20. Many youngsters have heard their parents say，“You’ll never amount to anything if you keep daydreaming that way！”
A. be equal to B. accomplish C. add up to D. pursue
Section B
21. Two decades ago a woman who shook hands with men on her own _____ was usually viewed as too forward.
A. endeavor B. initiative C. motivation D. preference
22. The fruit_____ more than half the country’s annual exports according to a recent report.
A. accounts for B. stands for C. provides for D. makes for
23. The violent_____ f his youth reappeared and was directed not only at the army but at his wife as well.
A. impatience B. character C. temper D. quality
24. This hypothesis states that environments that are too clean may actually make the_____ system develop oversensitive responses.
A. mental B. nervous C. immune D. physical
25. The Adult Vocational College is an opportunity to gain the right qualifications for various careers for it offers an_____ range of subjects and courses.
A. additional B. excessive C. adequate D. extensive
26. It’s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected _____ not by systematic inspections or other security procedures.
A. by accident B. on schedule C. in general D. at intervals
27. You can always_____ Jim in a crisis，for he is simply the most helpful person I’ve ever known.
A. refer to B. count on C. cope with D. run into
28. He wanted to stay at home，but at last he agreed，very_____，though，to go to the concert.
A. decisively B. reluctantly C. willingly D. deliberately
29. The audience，hostile at first，were greatly_____ by her excellent performance.
A. annoyed B. encouraged C. impressed D. depressed
30. Many birds and insects can build_____ nests to provide shelter for their young.
A. glories B. elaborate C. splendid D. advanced
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension（45minutes，25points）
Directions：There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
Passage One
At all ages and at all stages of life，fear presents a problem to almost everyone.“We are largely the playthings of our fears，”wrote the British author Horace Walpole many years ago.“To one，fear of the dark；to another，of physical pain；to a third，of public ridicule；to a fourth，of poverty；to a fifth，of loneliness—for all of us our particular creature waits in a hidden place.”
Fear is often a useful emotion. When you become frightened，many physical changes occur within your body. Your heartbeat and responses quicken；your pupils expand to admit more light；large quantities of energy-producing adrenalin（肾上腺素）are poured into your bloodstream. Confronted with a fire or accident，fear can fuel life-saving flight（逃离）. Similarly，when a danger is psychological rather than physical，fear can force you to take self-protective measures. It is only when fear is disproportional to the danger at hand that it becomes a problem.
Some people are simply more vulnerable to fear than others. A visit to the newborn nursery of any large hospital will demonstrate that，from the moment of their births，a few fortunate infants respond calmly to sudden fear-producing situations such as a loudly slammed door. Yet a neighbor in the next bed may cry out with profound fright. From birth，he or she is more prone to learn fearful responses because he or she has inherited a tendency to be more sensitive.
Further，psychologists know that our early experiences and relationships strongly shape and determine our later fears. A young man named Bill，for example，grew up with a father who regarded each adversity as a temporary obstacle to be overcome with imagination and courage. Using his father as a model，Bill came to welcome adventure and to trust his own ability to solve problems.
Phil’s dad，however，spent most of his time trying to protect himself and his family. Afraid to risk the insecurity of a job change，he remained unhappy in one position. He avoided long vacations because“the car might break down.”Growing up in such a home，Phil naturally learned to become fearful and tense.
31. In the last sentence of Paragraph 1，“our particular creature”refers to .
A. fear of something B. a fierce beast
C. physical pain D. public ridicule
32. Fear can be useful emotion to us because it can .
A. stimulate many physical changes within our body
B. quicken our heartbeat and responses
C. pour large quantities of adrenaline into our bloodstream
D. help us respond quickly to danger and protect ourselves
33. Fear becomes a problem only when .
A. the danger is thought greater than it really is
B. the danger is more psychological than physical
C. one cannot stand the danger
D. one is not well prepared for it
34. Different responses of newborn infants to a loudly slammed door imply that .
A. some people are inherently more easily affected by danger
B. people’s response to stimuli is not an inherited feature
C. some people seem to be very sensitive to noise
D. people sometimes seem to turn a deaf ear to noise
35. Psychologists have found that our later fears are determined largely by our .
A. home education B. school education
C. parents’ lifestyle D. early experiences
Passage Two
Sea horses are unusual parents. The female sea horses lay the eggs，but unlike other creatures，it’s the males that give birth to the young.
Male sea horse have a fold of skin on their bellies that forms a pocket，called a brood pouch. During the breeding season，the sea horse’s pouch swells to receive eggs. A female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time in the pouch. Then she swims off，leaving her male partner to care for the developing eggs and give birth to young sea horses. The female will return every day to check on her mate and the eggs，but she doesn’t stay long，nor does she take part in the birth.
It takes from two to six weeks for the eggs in the male’s pouch to develop. During this time the male avoids open water and hides in sea grass. His big pouch makes it difficult for him to swim，so the male often uses his tail to grasp a piece of sea grass. Firmly，gripping the grass，he will stay perfectly still for hours or even days. The male sea horse will change his color to blend with his surroundings and avoid being seen by predators who will try to eat him or poke holes in his pouch to get the eggs.
The eggs hatch inside the male’s pouch. When the babies begin moving around，the male sea horse knows it’s time for them to be born. He grabs a sea grass stem with his tail and begins rocking，bending，and stretching his body back and forth． This causes the opening to enlarge until it is wide enough for the first baby sea horse to shoot out. The father sea horse continues rocking，bending，and stretching his body so that the rest of the babies can be born. Sometimes he has to press his pouch against a rock or some stiff seaweed to force the young out.
Sea horse babies are born in groups of five or more. Sometimes it takes two days for the father sea horse to give birth to all his young. He is very tired when it’s over.
Soon after giving birth to one brood，the male will approach his mate and show her his empty pouch. This tells her he is ready to receive eggs again.
36. What part does the female sea horse play in having babies？
A. Receiving eggs. B. Laying eggs.
C. Hatching eggs. D. Protecting eggs.
37. What can be learned from the passage about giving birth to baby sea horses？
A. It is dangerous for the female. B. It happens once a year.
C. It is hard work for the male. D. It occurs in the deep sea.
38. To protect himself and his eggs，the male sea horse does all the following EXCEPT .
A. changing his color B. gripping a piece of grass
C. staying motionless D. enlarging his pouch
39. The author suggests when sea horse babies are ready to be born .
A. the male sea horse seems very happy
B. it is difficult for them to come out
C. the female sea horse joins the male
D. they need large space in the pouch
40. Which fact does the author want the reader to remember most？
A. The male sea horse gives birth to the young.
B. The female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time.
C. Baby sea horse are born in groups of five or more.
D. The female will return every day to check on the eggs.
Passage Three
When 23-year-old Eric Atienza graduated from college last year，he didn’t have a job. Not wanting to give up his apartment and move back with his parents，he did what many young Americans are doing：he signed up with a temp agency，which places workers on short-term jobs. Temporary workers such as Atienza comprise 20 percent of the US workforce. In 1985，417000 workers were classified as temporary help. In 2023，there are more than 2.5 million，according to Labour Department data.
Using temporary workers allows companies to increase or decrease the number of staff as their workloads change. It also allows companies to avoid the costs involved in hiring and firing long-term employees.
Many temp agency owners and career specialists say temping is a good way for recent graduates to get experience.“Short-term jobs let graduates try out different companies to find the best fit，”said Pegi Wheatley，owner of McCall Staffing，a San Fra