名词性从句讲解思维导图附练习题高中英语语法三大从句语法讲解与练习.doc

名词性从句讲解 思维导图（附练习题）
定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses). 名词性从句包括主语,宾语,表语,同位语从句.
★ 名词性从句中使用陈述句语序。
① 从属连词that; whether; if
(只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分）
② 连接代词 what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which,等.
在从句 中做主语，宾语，表语，定语等句子成分。
③ 连接副词when, where, how, why, whenever, however, wherever等
在从句中做状语成分。

1.分类
引导名词性从句的连接词

2. 名词性从句的连接词选用原则：“缺什么就补什么”
I know what he is talking about. (从句中缺宾语,指物)
Do you know who he is? (从句中缺表语,指人)
Where he will go is unknown. (从句中缺地点状语)
I’m sure that they will come tomorrow. (从句中什么都不缺)
I don’t know which book I should choose. (从句中缺定语)
定义：充当主语功能的句子叫主语从句
That she was chosen made a great stir (轰动) in her school.
注意: ①it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary / important that….
It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is universally acknowledged that../
It is known that…
It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge/ a fact
that…　 ……是常识/事实
It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It happens that…碰巧.. / It occurs to
sb.that… 突然想起……

主语从句
②It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
强调句： It is in the morning that the murder took place.
(去掉该结构后,句子成分完整)
主语从句：It was a pity that you shouldn’t go to see the film.
（在句子中作主语成分）
③whatever /whichever/ whoever引导主语从句的区别
Ⅰ Whatever 是what的强调形式表示“无论什么”相当于 anything
that…
Whatever / Anything that she does is wrong.
~ever
Ⅱ whoever 是who的强调形式，表示‘无论谁’ 相当于anyone
who….
Whoever / Anyone who walks around in such a heavy rain will
catch a cold.
Ⅲ whichever ‘无论哪个;无论哪些’,既指人,又指物. 可修饰名词与of
连用
Whichever book you borrow doesn’t matter to us.
Whichever of us fulfills his task will lend a hand to others.
定义：在复合句中充当宾语功能的句子叫宾语从句
We can learn what we didn’t know.
We find it necessary that we (should) practice English every day.
★某些作表语的形容词，如sure, happy, glad, certain等之后可带宾语
从句
I am glad that you can come and help me.
注意：① wish/would rather后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。
I wish I had finished my homework yesterday.
I’d rather you had been there yesterday
② 在表示建议,命令, 请求的词后面的宾语从句当中用should + V,
should可以省略
His pale face suggested that he was ill so I suggested that he should go
to see the doctor.
He insisted that he was innocent and insisted that he should be set free.
宾语从句
③ 注意it作形式宾语的结构
We all thought it a pity that we had missed the lesson.
I took it for granted that they were not coming.
④ that一般不接介词宾语，偶尔可作except, in的宾语；其它介
词后面需用it作形式宾语
He differs from his roommates in that he devoted his spare time to
reading.
He knows nothing about Jim except that he is from London.
You can depend on it that he will help you in time of emergency.

定义：充当表语功能的句子被叫做表语从句。
表语从句
The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short
time.
注意：reason后面的表语从句只能用that,不能用why引导.
★The reason is that（because ×)…
The reason why we didn’t trust him is that he has often lied.
(该句型中why引导一个定语从句)
定义：同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容. 这些名词主要是表示抽象概念的词如fact, news, promise, idea, truth; possibility; statement; warning; advice等
★同位语的引导词有that; whether; why; who; where; how等；其中that
和whether只起引导作用
同位语从句
其他连词具有实际意思，同时在同位语中作句子成分。
The news that China broken the world record in the Olympic Games has
cheered all of us.
The question why so many people would choose to live in the countryside
but to work in the city is still under discussion. ( why 引导同位语从句解
释说明中心语question的内容；且why在从句中作状语)
注意：① 只起引导作用时，连接词用that而不用which
Where did you get the idea that she could not come.
② 同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 就看that在作引导的从句中是否
做句子成分
The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very important.
（that 引导定语)
The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very
good. (that引导同位语从句)
在名词性从句当中只能用wh~, 在引导让步状语从
句两者可以互换.
⒈ No matter+wh~ 与wh~+ever区别
He will believe whatever others say.
(划线部分部分为名词性从句，不能互换)
Whatever others say, he will believe it.
(划线部分为状语从句，可以互换)
Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch
a cold. (不可互换)
★ 原则：能用if的情况，都能用whether表“是否…”
① 在表语, 同位语，主语(置于句首时)从句时只用
whether表“是否”
The question is whether the film is worth seeing.
（表语从句）
I have no idea whether we should go to the party.
（同位语从句）
Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been
decided yet. (主语从句 句首)
▲ It is doubtful whether / if he will come here.
一些重要知识
(主语从句，句末时可互换)
② 形容词；介词；discuss后的宾语从句中只用whether表“是否”
⒉ Whether / if区别
It depends on whether you can do the work well. (介词宾语)
The students are discussing whether they will go out for a picnic this Sunday.
I am not sure whether he will come here or not. (形容词的宾语)
③ whether与or或 or not 的搭配
Do you mind whether a man or woman does the job.
I don’t care whether or not he comes.

名词性从句提升练习
主语从句
一、单项选择题
1. _____ he learns English well is of great importance to his future life..
A. What B. If C. Who D. That
2. _____ was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.
A. That B. Which C. Who D. What
3. _____they will go next month has not been decided yet.
A. Where B. If C.That D. Why
4. _____ you say now can’t make up for（补偿） what you’ve done.
A. No matter what B. Whatever C. However D. That
5. Although _____ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.
A. which B. what C. how D. it
6. _____ is troubling me is that I don’t have much experience in international commerce.
A. It B. That C. Which D. What
7. I am sure that _____ she said is wrong. A. which B. all C. this D. what
8. We lost our way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.
A. that B. which C. it D. what
9. _____ or not is still uncertain.
A. He’s coming B. If he is coming C. That coming D. Whether he’s coming
10. _____ is known to all that the earth moves around the sun.
A. It B. What C. That D. As
11. It’s doubtful _____ he’ll be able to come. A. if B. what C. that D. whether
12. _____ he saw surprised him. A. That B. When C. What D. Which
13. _____ is money. A. What does he need B. Why does he need C. What he needs D. Why he needs
14. _____ is a pity that he should feel so upset. A. What B. That C. He D. It
15. _____ book you borrow must be returned within a week.
A. What B. Which C. Whichever D. That’s
宾语从句
一、选择题：
1. It's so dark. I can't find out _______ it's a boy _______ a girl.
　　A. if, and B. that, and C. that; or D. whether, or
2. Call you tell me why _______ this morning?
　　A. you didn't come B. did you not come 　 C. didn't you come D. you don't come
3. He said that they _______ Yunnan.
A. have been to B. had gone to C. have gone to D. has gone to
4. Do you know what _______ this time yesterday?
　A. they are doing B. are they doing　 C. they were doing D. were they doing
5. He wanted to know how long _______ in hospital.
　A. she is staying B. she had stayed C. did she stay D. she stay
6. They will be thankful for _______ you have done.　　
A. what B. that C. which D. who
7. He said that light _______ much faster than sound.
A. traveled B. will travel C. travels D. is traveling
8. Do you know _______ ?
A. is it whose pen B. whose pen is it　 C. whose pen it is D. it is whose pen
9. I hear _______ the teacher will come back from the UK soon.
A. which B. that C. when D. whether
10. Can you tell me _______ language she speaks?
A. which B. what C. that D. whether
11. I don't understand _______ you said.
A. when B. that C. where D. what
12. Do you know _______ made him angry last time?
A. when B. that C. where D. what
13. She has made it clear _______ she will have nothing to do with him.
A. what B. which C. whether D. that
14.. I wondered _______ they had been to America.
A. if B. what C. who D. that
15. I am sure _______ you said is true.
A. what B. that C. which D. who
16. Do you know _______ she will go to the cinema with us?
A. if B. where C. who D. which
17. Who knows _______ dictionary it is?
A. who's B. whose C. whom D. who
18. I can't remember _______ I sent the book to.
A. that B. which C. where D. whom
19. -- I don't know if he _______ .　　 -- He will come if it _______ .
　A. comes, won't rain B. will come, doesn't rain 　
C. comes, doesn't D. will come, won't rain
20. We wanted to know _______ the answer was fight or not.
A. if B. that C. whether D. what
表语从句
1. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that B. if C. when D. whether
2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.
A. because B. that C. for D. because of
3. Go and get your coat. It’ s ________you left it
A. where B. there C. there where D. where there
4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted.
A. who can we get B. what we can get
C. who we can get D. that we can get
5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.
A. that B. if C. whether D.不填
6. The reason is_________I missed the bus.
A. that B. when C. why D. what
7. That is __ ___ we were late last time.
A. that B. when C. why D. what
8. She looked _________ she were ten years younger.　
A. that B. like C. as D. as though
9.—I fell sick! --I think it is _______ you are doing too much.
A. why B. when C. what D. because
10. The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.
A. because his mother is ill B. because of his mother’s being ill
C. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill
11. —He was born here. -- That is _______ he likes the place so much.
A. that B. what C. why D. how
12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.
A. what B. where C. that D. why
13 —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week . —Is that_____ you had a few days off？
A. why B .what C. when D. where
14 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. ______I got wet through.
A. It’s the reason B. That’s why C. There’s why D. It’s how
15. See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.
A. when B. which C. where D. what
16. --- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game? ---Oh, that’s _____.
A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
名词性从句综合练习
一、that/what的区别
1．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.
A. What; how are you B. That；how you are
C. How；that you are D. What；how you are
2. The trouble is__________we are short of tools.
A. what B. that C. how D. why that
3. America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.
A. what B. where C. the place D. there where
4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_________ .
A. what it used to be B. what it was used to being
C. what it used to being D. what it was used to be
5. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.
A. What … that B. That … what
C. What … what D. That … what
6. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.
A. that B. which C. what D. such
二、 综合选择题
1. _________ we can't get seems better than _________ we have.
A What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; th