2023年初中英语状语从句知识点总结.doc

初中英语状语从句知识点总结（一）用来修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等而充当状语的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句常用从属连词来引导，与主句连接起来。若置于句末，则前面不加逗号。根据意义和作用，状语从句可分为时间因素条件等几种。下面我们就来分析一下这几种状语从句。1时间状语从句时间状语从句常用从属连词when,after,until,as soon as,等来引导。当主句是祈使句或谓语动词是一般将来时态或情态动词时，其时间状语从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时态表达将来发生的动作或存在的状态。这就是我们常说的“主将从现”。如：Please call me when you get there.当你到那时，请给我打个电话。I will write to you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我一到北京就给你写信。since引导时间状语从句表达“自从以来”，从句中的动词一般表达动作的起点，用过去时;而主句的动作延续的情况则用一般现在时或现在完毕时。常用的句型为：It has been/is+一段时间+since+过去时。如：I has been/is three years since we met last time.自从我们上次见面，已经三年了。2条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有：if(假如),unless(除非),as long as(只要)等。假如主句是将来时，条件状语从句也用一般现在时来表达。如：I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.假如明天下雨，我就待在家。You cant learn English well unless you work hard.除非你努力学习，否则是学不好英语的。由if引导的条件状语从句，若从句表达的是与现在事实相反的事实，则常用虚拟语气，即用过去时态表达(假如涉及到be动词，一律都用were)。此时，主句则用过去将来时。如：If I had enough money,I would buy it for you.假如我又足够的钱，我将把它买给你。I wouldnt do it if I were you.假如我是你，我是不会做的。3因素状语从句because,since,as,for都可用来引导因素状语从句，那么它们又有哪些区别呢?because用来表达“导致某种结果的直接因素”，语气较浓，常用来回答why提出的问句。如：-Why are you late?-Because my bike is broken.as和since用来表达“看的到的或是不说也知道的因素”，since也可译作：“既然”。如：As he is old enough,let him do it.他既然长大了，就让他干吧!Since his shoes are worn out,lets buy him a new pair.既然他的鞋坏了，那我们就给他买双新的吧。for引导的因素状语从句不置于句首，常用来表达“顺便提及的理由”，只是稍带说明因素，并非强调。如：I must stay here,for its raining so hard.我必须得待在这儿，由于雨下的很大。 初中英语状语从句知识点总结（二）1状语从句在复合句中，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫状语从句。状语从句根据它表达的意思可分为时间、地点、因素、目的、结果、让步、比较（或方式）和条件等类。1.时间状语从句引导连词有when，while，till，notuntil，since，after ,before ,as soon asThe bus wont start until everybody gets on.公共汽车直到每人都上车为止，才开动。When he knocked at the door I was cooking.当他敲门时，我正在煮饭。Last night before he came back home, his wife had already cooked dinner and waited for 2 hours.昨天晚上在他回到家之前，他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。After I went to church, I went shopping.2. 地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。Where there is a will, there is a way. 哪里有志向，哪里就有出路。有志者事竟成。Where there is a life, there is a hope. 哪里有生命，哪里就有希望。留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.不管你去哪里，不管你做什么，我都会在此守侯你。3.因素状语从句引导连词有because，as, since。He didnt see the film because he had seen it.他没有看那部电影，由于他已经看过了。They couldnt get on the train，for it was too crowed.比较：because, since, as和for1）because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的因素，回答why提出的问题。当因素是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。I didnt go, because I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.2）由because引导的从句假如放在句末，且前面有逗 号，则可以用for来代替。但假如不是说明直接因素，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。He is absent today, because / for he is ill.He must be ill, for he is absent today.注意because不能和so 连用。4. 目的状语从句引导连词有 that， so that，in order that。He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus.他必须早起，以便能赶上第一辆公共汽车。He repainted the house so that he could welcome the guests.Millions of trees are planted in North China so that the sand can be stopped from moving south.The mother left work earlier in order that she could be at home when the children arrived.So that 以便/以致例如：(1)They studied hard so that they could pass the exam.(2)They started early so that they caught the early bus.注意点：在例句(1)中,是引导目的状语；在例句(2)中，是引导结果状语。一般来讲，从句中具有情态动词的，为目的状语。无情态动词的，为结果状语。5.结果状语从句引导连词有that，sothat，such.thatThe box is so heavy that I cant lift it.这个盒子如此沉，以致我无法抬起来。such+名词性词组+thatSo+形容词/副词+that如此以致例如：(1)She is such a good teacher that we all love her.(2)It was such a hot day that they didnt go out for a walk as usual.注意点：1.such+a+形容词+名词+that，可以改写成：so+形容词+a+名词+that，例句(1)可以改写成：She is so good a teacher that we all love her.2.在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that结构中，形容词假如是many/few或much/little时，用so不用such，即：so+many/few+可数名词复数+that，so+much/little+不可数名词+that(1)There are so many people in the room that I cant get in.(2)The man has so much money that he can buy a car.6.让步状语从句引导连词有though，although; even though/if; whatever; howeverAlthough he is young，he knows a lot of things.虽然他年龄小，但却结识许多事物。Even though you dont like him, you still have to be polite.Whatever you say, I will not change my mind.注意although，though不能和but连用。7.比较（方式）状语从句以than为引导连词。常见连词（as）as., than; the, theJim is older than Lucy（is）.吉姆比路希年长。Skiing is more exciting than running.The more you practice, the more knowledge you will get.注意than 引导的比较状语从句中的谓语常省略。8.条件状语从句以if, unless为引导连词。If you eat bad food，you may be ill.假如你吃到坏了的食物，就会生病。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will have a sports meet.注意主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时。状语从句中常见的误点1）时间状语从句和条件状语从句中的时态与主句的搭配：（俗称：主将从现）2）因素状语从句because与because of ；Because+从句 和because of +n./ pron例如：I was late because I didnt catch the bus.I was late because of the rain.