c语言程序设计学生标准管理系统.doc

/*学生成绩管理系统
数据库数据项关键数据包含：学号、姓名、年级、专业、成绩1、成绩2、成绩3、平均成绩、总成绩。
要求含有以下功效：
（1）添加、删除任意个统计。
（2）修改任意个统计。
（3）显示、保留统计。
（4）排序功效：打开学生数据库，计算每个学生平均成绩和总成绩，用冒泡法或选择排序法将平均成绩和总成绩排序后生成两个新文件（从大到小），
存盘并显示这两个文件全部统计。
（5）查询功效：打开总成绩排序文件，用折半查找法统计出给定分数人数并显示。
要求：
（1）设计一个主函数和多个子函数，每个子函数完成一个相对独立子功效。
（2）程序运行时，首优异行口令检验，再显示菜单。并能依据菜单调用对应函数功效。
口令程序段功效要求：
《1》提醒用户输入一个口令。
《2》用户输入口令后，若口令对，则提醒用户经过，可实施后续程序；不然不经过。
《3》可对用户口令输入进行次数限制（如：反复输入3次全部不对），则自动退出系统。*/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
struct student
{
int num;
char name[10];
int grade;
char major[10];
float score_1,score_2,score_3,aver,total;
struct student *next;
};
struct student *creat(void);
struct student *add(void);
struct student *del(int num);
struct student *alter();
void save(struct student *head);
void read();
void totalsort(struct student *head);
void aversort(struct student *head);
void Bfindsort();
int all=0;
void main()
{
int i,n,m,num;
char ord[10]="student",ord_1[10];
struct student *p;
for(i=0;i<=3;i++)
{
if(i==3)
exit(0);
printf("请第%d次输入进入系统指令:",i+1);
scanf("%s",ord_1);
if(strcmp(ord,ord_1)!=0)
printf("输入指令有误请重新输入。\n");
if(strcmp(ord,ord_1)==0)
break;
}
p=NULL;
loop_2:printf("输入系统功效:\n0、建立一个数据库；\n1、添加和保留学生数据；\n2、删除和保留学生数据；\n3、修改和保留学生数据；\n4、显示数据库统计；\n5、将数据进行排序；\n6、查询指定成绩人数:");
loop: scanf("%d",&n);
if(n<0||n>6)
{
printf("\n输入选择有误请重新输入:");
goto loop;
}
if(n==2)
{
printf("输入删除学生数据学号:");
scanf("%d",&num);
}
switch(n)
{
case 0:p=creat();save(p);read();break;
case 1:p=add();save(p);read();break;
case 2:p=del(num);save(p);read();break;
case 3:p=alter();save(p);read();break;
case 4:read();break;
case 5:
{
printf("输入选择排序功效1、依据平均成绩；2、依据总成绩:");
loop_1: scanf("%d",&m);
if(m<1||m>2)
{
printf("\n输入选择有误请重新输入:");
goto loop_1;
}
switch(m)
{
case 1:aversort(p);break;
case 2:totalsort(p);break;
}
}break;
case 6:Bfindsort();break;
}
loop_5: printf("输入你要进行步骤：1、返回上一菜单菜单；2、退出程序。\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
if(n<1||n>2)
{
printf("输入选择有误，请重新输入:");
goto loop_5;
}
switch(n)
{
case 1:goto loop_2;break;
case 2:break;
}

}
struct student *creat(void)
{
int i,n;
struct student *head,*p,*q,*tail;
printf("输入学生个数:");
scanf("%d",&n);
head=NULL;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
all++;
p=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student));

if(head==NULL)
head=p;
else
tail->next=p;
tail=p;
p->next=NULL;
q=head;
printf("输入学生学号、名字、年级、专业、三门成绩:");
scanf("%d %s %d %s %f %f %f",&p->num,&p->name,&p->grade,&p->major,&p->score_1,&p->score_2,&p->score_3);
loop: while(q->next!=NULL)
{
if(q->num==p->num)
{
printf("输入学生号错误请重新输入学生学号：");
scanf("%d",&p->num);
goto loop;
}
q=q->next;
}
p->aver=(p->score_1+p->score_2+p->score_3)/3;
p->total=p->score_1+p->score_2+p->score_3;

}
return(head);
}
void save(struct student *head)
{
struct student *p;
FILE *fp;
if((fp=fopen("student.txt","wb"))==NULL)
{
printf("打开文件失败。\n");
exit(0);
}
p=head;
while(p!=NULL)
{
fwrite(p,sizeof(struct student),1,fp);
p=p->next;
}
fclose(fp);

}
struct student *del(int num)
{
int i,n=0;
struct student *p,*q,*head;
FILE *fp;
if(all==0)
{
printf("数据库为空。\n");
head=NULL;
return(head);
}
p=(struct student *)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
if((fp=fopen("student.txt","rb"))==NULL)
{
printf("打开student.txt文件失败\n");
exit(0);
}
for(i=0;p!=NULL;i++)
{
p=(struct student *)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
fread(p,sizeof(struct student),1,fp);
if(i==0)
head=p;
if(num==p->num)
{
if(p==head)
head=p->next;
else
q->next=p->next;
n++;
all--;
}
q=p;
}
if(n==0)
printf("没有%d这一学生号学生!\n",num);

return(head);
}
struct student *add()
{
int i,j,m,n=0;
FILE *fp;
struct student *p,*q,*temp,*head,*tail;
if(all==0)
{
head=NULL;
}
else
{
if((fp=fopen("student.txt","rb"))==NULL)
{
printf("打开student.txt文件失败\n");
exit(0);
}
p=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
fread(p,sizeof(struct student),1,fp);
head=p;
tail=p;
while(p->next!=NULL)
{
p=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
fread(p,sizeof(struct student),1,fp);
tail->next=p;
tail=p;
}
tail->next=NULL;
fclose(fp);
}
printf("输入需要输入学生个数:");
scanf("%d",&j);
for(i=0;i<j;i++)
{
all++;
p=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
printf("输入学生学号、名字、年级、专业、三门成绩:");
scanf("%d %s %d %s %f %f %f",&p->num,&p->name,&p->grade,&p->major,&p->score_1,&p->score_2,&p->score_3);
temp=head;
loop_1: while(temp!=NULL)
{
if(temp->num==p->num)
{
printf("输入学生号错误请重新输入学生学号：");
scanf("%d",&p->num);
goto loop_1;
}
temp=temp->next;
}
p->aver=(p->score_1+p->score_2+p->score_3)/3;
p->total=p->score_1+p->score_2+p->score_3;
if(head==NULL)
{
head=p;
p->next=NULL;
}
else
{
q=head;
n=1;

while(q->next!=NULL)
{
q=q->next;
n++;
}
printf("该链表一共有节点个数%d。\n",n);
loop: printf("输入将数据插入第多个节点后面。\n");
scanf("%d",&m);
if(m<0||m>n)
{
printf("输入有误，请重新输入。\n");
goto loop;
}
q=head;
if(m==0)
{
p->next=head;
head=p;
}
else
{
while((m-1)!=0)
{
q=q->next;
m--;
}
p->next=q->next;
q->next=p;
}
}
}
return(head);
}
struct student *alter()
{
int m,num,gra,n;
char maj[10],name[10];
float score_1,score_2,score_3;
struct student *p,*q,*head;
FILE *fp;
if(all==0)
{
printf("数据库为空。\n");
head=NULL;
return(head);
}
if((fp=fopen("student.txt","rb"))==NULL)
{
printf("打开student.txt文件失败\n");
exit(0);
}
p=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
fread(p,sizeof(struct student),1,fp);
head=p;
q=p;
loop_1:printf("输入修改学生数据姓名：");
scanf("%s",&name);
while(strcmp(name,p->name)!=0)
{
p=p->next;
if(p==NULL)
{
printf("没有该学生。\n");
return(head);
}
}
loop: printf("请选择修改学生具体数据:\n1、学号；2、年级；3、专业；\n4、成绩1；5、成绩2；6、成绩3:");
scanf("%d",&m);
if(m<1||m>6)
{
printf("\n输入选择有误请重新输入:");
goto loop;
}
switch(m)
{
case 1:printf("输入新学号:");loop_2:scanf("%d",&num);
while(q!=NULL)
{
if(q->num==num)
{
printf("输入学生号错误请重新输入学生学号：");
goto loop_2;
}
q=q->next;
}
p->num=num;break;
case 2:printf("输入新年级:");scanf("%d",&gra); p->grade=gra; break;
case 3:printf("输入新专业:");scanf("%s",&maj); strcpy(p->major,maj);break;
case 4:printf("输入新成绩:");scanf("%f",&score_1);p->score_1=score_1;
p->aver=(p->score_1+p->score_2+p->score_3)/3;
p->total=p->score_1+p->score_2+p->score_3; break;
case 5:printf("输入新成绩:");scanf("%f",&score_2);p->score_2=score_2;
p->aver=(p->score_1+p->score_2+p->score_3)/3;
p->total=p->score_1+p->score_2+p->score_3;break;
case 6:printf("输入新成绩:");scanf("%f",&score_3);p->score_3=score_3;
p->aver=(p->score_1+p->score_2+p->score_3)/3;
p->total=p->score_1+p->score_2+p->score_3;break;
}
printf("选择你要实施内容：\n1、返回上一菜单\n2、返回主菜单\n3、修改另一学生数据");
loop_5: scanf("%d",&n);
if(n<1||n>3)
{
printf("输入选择有误，请重新输入:");
goto loop_5;
}
switch(n)
{
case 1:goto loop;break;
case 2:break;
case 3:goto loop_1;break;
}
return(head);
}

void read()
{
struct student *p,*head;
FILE *fp;
if(all==0)
{
printf("系统没有学生数据。\n");
return;
}
if((fp=fopen("student.txt","rb"))==NULL)
{
printf("打开文件失败。\n");
exit(0);
}
p=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
fread(p,sizeof(struct student),1,fp);
head=p;
printf("打开student.txt文件学生数据。\n");
printf("list num name grade major score_1 score_2 score_3 aver total\n");
while(p!=NULL)
{
printf("student %-3d %-4s %-5d %-5s %-7.2f %-7.2f %-7.2f %-4.2f %-5.2f \n",
p->num,p->name,p->grade,p->major,p->score_1,p->score_2,p->score_3,p->aver,p->total);
p=p->next;
}
fclose(fp);
}
void aversort(struct student *head)
{
int temp;
float temp_1;
char temp_2[10];
struct student *p,*q,*i;
FILE *fp;
p=head;

while(p->next!=NULL)
{
q=p;
i=p->next;
while(i!=NULL)
{
if(i->aver>q->aver)
q=i;
i=i->next;
}
if(q!=p)
{
temp=p->num;p->num=q->num;q->num=temp;

strcpy(temp_2,p->name);strcpy(p->name,q->name);strcpy(q->name,temp_2);

temp=p->grade;p->grade=q->grade;q->grade=temp;

strcpy(temp_2,p->major);strcpy(p->major,q->major);strcpy(q->major,temp_2);

temp_1=p->score_1;p->score_1=q->score_1;q->score_1=temp_1;

temp_1=p->score_2;p->score_2=q->score_2;q->score_2=temp_1;

temp_1=p->score_3;p->score_3=q->score_3;q->score_3=temp_1;

temp_1=p->aver;p->aver=q->aver;q->aver=temp_1;

temp_1=p->total;p->total=q->total;q->total=temp_1;
}
p=p->next;
}
if((fp=fopen("student_1.txt","wb+"))==NULL)
{
printf("打开student_1.txt文件失败\n");
exit(0);
}
p=head;
while(p!=NULL)
{
fwrite(p,sizeof(struct student),1,fp);
p=p->next;
}
p=head;
rewind(fp);
printf("读出由平均成绩排序出来文件student_1.txt。\n");
printf("list num name grade major score_1 score_2 score_3 aver total\n");
while(p!=NULL)
{
fread(p,sizeof(struct student),1,fp);
printf("student %-3d %-4s %-5d %-5s %-7.2f %-7.2f %-7.2f %-4.2f %-5.2f \n",
p->num,p->name,p->grade,p->major,p->score_1,p->score_2,p->score_3,p->aver,p->total);
p=p->next;
}
fclose(fp);

}
void totalsort(struct student *head)
{
int temp;
float temp_1;
char temp_2[10];
struct student *p,*q,*i;
FILE *fp;
p=head;

while(p->next!=NULL)
{
q=p;
i=p->next;
while(i!=NULL)
{
if(i->total>q->total)
q=i;
i=i->next;
}
if(q!=p)
{
temp=p->num;p->num=q->num;q->num=temp;

strcpy(temp_2,p->name);strcpy(p->name,q->name);strcpy(q->name,temp_2);

temp=p->grade;p->grade=q->grade;q->grade=temp;

strcpy(temp_2,p->major);strcpy(p->major,q->major);strcpy(q->major,temp_2);

temp_1=p->score_1;p->score_1=q->score_1;q->score_1=temp_1;

temp_1=p->score_2;p->score_2=q->score_2;q->score_2=temp_1;

temp_1=p->score_3;p->score_3=q->score_3;q->score_3=temp_1;

temp_1=p->aver;p->aver=q->aver;q->aver=temp_1;

temp_1=p->total;p->total=q->total;q->total=temp_1;
}
p=p->next;
}
if((fp=fopen("student_1.txt","wb+"))==NULL)
{
printf("打开student_1.txt文件失败\n");
exit(0);
}
p=head;
while(p!=NULL)
{
fwrite(p,sizeof(struct student),1,fp);
p=p->next;
}
p=head;
rewind(fp);
printf("读出由平均成绩排序出来文件student_1.txt。\n");
printf("list num name grade major score_1 score_2 score_3 aver total\n");
while(p!=NULL)
{
fread(p,sizeof(struct student),1,fp);
printf("student %-3d %-4s %-5d %-5s %-7.2f %-7.2f %-7.2f %-4.2f %-5.2f \n",
p->num,p->name,p->grade,p->major,p->score_1,p->score_2,p->score_3,p->aver,p->total);
p=p->next;
}
fclose(fp);

}
void Bfindsort()
{
int i,k,a=0,b=0,low,high,m;
float score,score_1[100];
struct student *p;
FILE *fp;
p=(struct student *)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
if((fp=fopen("student_1.txt","rb"))==NULL)
{
printf("打开student_1.txt文件失败\n");
exit(0);
}
for(i=0;p->next!=NULL;i++)
{
fread(p,sizeof(struct student),1,fp);
score_1[i]=p->total;
}
printf("输入需要查询分数:");
scanf("%f",&score);
low=0;
high=i-1;
k=i;
m=(low+high)/2;
while(high>=low)
{
if(score_1[m]<score)
high=m-1;
else
low=m+1;
m=(low+high)/2;
}
for(i=high+1;score_1[i]==score&&i<k;i++)
a++;
for(i=high;score_1[i]==score&&i>0;i--)
b++;
printf("输出该总分数人数%d\n",a+b);