2023年大学英语六级第套真题及答案解析.doc

Part I Writing (30 minutes)For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on living in the virtual world. Tryto imagine what will happen when people spend more and more time in the virtual world instead ofinteracting in the real world. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) Project organizer. B) Public relations officer.C) Marketing manager. D) Market research consultant.2. A) Quantitative advertising research. B) Questionnaire design.C) Research methodology. D) Interviewer training.3. A) They are intensive studies of peoples spending habits.B) They examine relations between producers and customers.C) They look for new and effective ways to promote products.D) They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.4. A) The lack of promotion opportunity. B) Checking charts and tables.C) Designing questionnaires. D) The persistent intensity.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) His view on Canadian universities. B) His understanding of higher education.C) His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D) His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities.6. A) It is well designed. B) It is rather inflexible.C) It varies among universities. D) It has undergone great changes.7. A) The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B) Public universities are often superior to private universities.C) Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D) Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.8. A) University systems vary from country to country.B) Efficiency is essential to university management.C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D) Many private universities in the US are actually large bureaucracies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Governments role in resolving an economic crisis.B) The worsening real wage situation around the world.C) Indications of economic recovery in the United States.D) The impact of the current economic crisis on peoples life.10. A) They will feel less pressure to raise employees wages.B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.11. A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis.B) Government and companies join hands to create jobs for the unemployed.C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.D) Team work will be encouraged in companies.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) Whether memory supplements work. B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders.C) Whether exercise enhances ones memory. D) Whether a magic memory promises success.13. A) They help the elderly more than the young. B) They are beneficial in one way or another.C) They generally do not have side effects. D) They are not based on real science.14. A) They are available at most country fairs. B) They are taken in relatively high dosage.C) They are collected or grown by farmers. D) They are prescribed by trained practitioners.15. A) They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise.B) Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.C) Their effect lasts only a short time.D) Many have benefited from them.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B) How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters.C) How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D) How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.17. A) By training rescue teams for emergencies. B) By taking steps to prepare people for them. C) By changing peoples views of nature. D) By relocating people to safer places.18. A) How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B) How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C) How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D) How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Pay back their loans to the American government.B) Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty.C) Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery.D) Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble.20. A) Some banks may have to merge with others. B) Many smaller regional banks are going to fail.C) It will be hard for banks to provide more loans. D) Many banks will have to lay off some employees.21. A) It will work closely with the government. B) It will endeavor to write off bad loans.C) It will try to lower the interest rate. D) It will try to provide more loans.22. A) It wont help the American economy to turn around.B) It wont do any good to the major commercial banks.C) It will win the approval of the Obama administration.D) It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A) Being unable to learn new things. B) Being rather slow to make changes.C) Losing temper more and more often. D) Losing the ability to get on with others.24. A) Cognitive stimulation. B) Community activity.C) Balanced diet . D) Fresh air.25. A) Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging. B) Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life.C) Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles. D) Seeking advice from doctors from time to time.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development. “The adolescent becomes an adult when he 26 a real job.” To cognitive researchers like Piaget, adulthood meant the beginning of an 27 . Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work, their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal. The 28 of such ideals, without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession, rapidly leads adolescents to become 29 of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way. Piaget said: “True adaptation to society comes 30 when the adolescent reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.” Of course, youthful idealism is often courageous, and no one likes to give up dreams. Perhaps, taken 31 out of context, Piagets statement seems harsh. What he was 32 , however, is the way reality can modify idealistic views. Some people refer to such modification as maturity. Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature. As careers and vocations become less available during times of 33 , adolescents may be especially hard hit. Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents 34 about their roles in society. For this reason, community interventions and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not only economically 35 but also help to stimulate the adolescents sense of worth.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。A) automatically B) beneficial C) capturing D) confused E) emphasizingF) entrance G) excited H) existence I) incidentally J) intolerantK) occupation L) promises M) recession N) slightly O) undertakesSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Can Societies Be Rich and Green?A “If our economies are to flourish, if global poverty is to be eliminated and if the well-being of the worlds people enhancednot just in this generation but in succeeding generationswe must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.” That statement comes not, as you might imagine, from a stereotypical tree-hugging, save-the-world greenie (环境保护主义者), but from Gordon Brown, a politician with a reputation for rigor, thoroughness and above all, caution. B A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the worlds most powerful economies to say? Perhaps; though in the run-up to the five-year review of the Millennium (千年旳) Goals, he is far from alone. The roots of his speech, given in March at the roundtable meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20 group of nations, stretch back to 1972, and the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm. C “The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world,” read the final declaration from this gathering, the first of a sequence which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the World Development Summit in Johannesburg three years ago. D Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groupsmany for conferences such as this years Millennium Goals reviewand you will find that the linkage between environmental protection and economic progress is a common thread. E Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them, according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. But finding hard evidence to support the thesis is not so easy. Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic, some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and environmental terms and show a relationship between the two. F If such an indicator exists, it is well hidden. And on reflection, this is not surprising; the single word “environment” has so many dimensions, and there are so many other factors affecting wealthsuch as the oil depositsthat teasing out a simple economy-environment relationship would be almost impossible. G The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, a vast four-year global study which reported its initial conclusions earlier this year, found reasons to believe that managing ecosystems sustainablyworking with nature rather than against itmight be less profitable in the short term, but certainly brings long-term rewards. H And the World Resources Institute (WRI) in its World Resources 2023 report, issued at the end of August, produced several such examples from Africa and Asia; it also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich, as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of their income directly from the natural resources around them. I But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the environment, in rich and poor parts of 6 the world alike, whether through unregulated mineral extraction, drastic water use for agriculture, slash-and-burn farming, or fossil-fuel-guzzling (大量消耗) transport. Of course, such growth may not persist in the long term which is what Mr. Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both attempting to point out. Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline is the Grand Banks fishery. For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod (鳕鱼) provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about 40,000 people, sustaining entire communities in Newfoundland. Then, abruptly, the cod population collapsed. There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to maintain itself, let alone an industry. More than a decade later, there was no sign of the ecosystem re-building itself. It had, apparently, been fished out of existence; and the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea floor. J There is a view that modern humans are inevitably sowing the seeds of a global Grand Banks-style disaster. The idea is that we are taking more out of what you might call the planets environmental bank balance than it can sustain; we are living beyond our ecological means. One recent study attempted to calculate the extent of this “ecological overshoot of the human economy,” and found that we are using 1.2 Earths-worth of environmental goods and servicesthe implication being that at some point the debt will be called in, and all those servicesthe things which the planet does for us for freewill grind to a halt. K Whether this is right, and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall, is hard to determine with any precisionwhich is why governments and financial institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations. It is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of environmental issues; while some, like the WRI, maintain that enviro