[英语论文] 英语课堂教学研究A Survey of English Classroom in China.pdf

毕业论文A Survey of Engl ish Classroom inCh i na学 院：外国语学院_专 业：送语_姓 名：学 号：教授指导老师：职 称：中国珠海O-年五月XXX毕业论文 诚信承诺书本人郑重承诺：我所呈交的毕业论文/Survey of English Classroom in China是在指导教师宋天锡教授的指导下，独立 开展研究取得的成果，文中引用他人的观点和材料，均在文后按 顺序列出其参考文献，论文使用的数据真实可靠。承诺人签名：_日期：年 月 日XXX2011届本科生毕业论文A Survey of English Classroom in ChinaABSTRACTTeaching is an art as well as a science.With the reform of English teaching,teachers come to get a comprehensive understanding of the new notions and methodologies on English language teaching.However,how to apply the theories to practice successfully as well as the effects on the application deserves serious consideration.We need to look for a way to improve the standard of English teaching effectively.This essay aims to analyze some of the undesirable problems in English teaching and help teachers acquire the effective approaches to solve these problems they inevitably encounter.What is an excellent English class?It is neither simple accumulation of thousands of English words and phrases,nor endless sentence pattern drills,let alone the boring repetition.It should be full of humanity,culture,and affectivity,that is to say,the teacher should give his or her students a precious giftthe strong desire to learn.Key words:English teaching disadvantages the improvement of standard of teachingiXXX2011届本科生毕业论文英语课堂教学研究 A Survey of English Classroom in China摘要教育不仅是一门艺术，也是一门科学。伴随着英语教学改革的春风，广大英语教师对 教学的新理念和新方法有了全面的了解和认识。但如何在课堂教学中科学成功地去应用，以及运用的成效如何，至今都还不能说完美无缺。在实际的教学过程中，还存在许多问题,需要深入去探讨和研究，寻找一条实际高效教学之路。此文针对当前英语教学课堂的主要 不良现象，逐一进行研究，使广大英语老师对课堂教学中的弊端有一个全面清晰的认识，从而找到有效的思路来提高教学质量和教育水平。一堂优秀的英语课应该是怎样的呢？不是大量英语单词的堆积，也不是无休止的句型 练习，更不是枯燥乏味的抄写。一堂优质的英语课应当充满人文性，文化性，情感性。激 发学生浓厚的学习兴趣是英语教师应该给予学生们的一件珍贵礼物。关键字：英语教学弊端教学质量的提高XXX2011届本科生毕业论文ContentsABSTRACT.I摘要.III Introduction1.1 The Context of This Essay.11.2 An Overview of Contemporary English Language Teaching.2II Four Undesirable Problems in English Classroom.52.1 A Notice to Cramming Education.52.2 The Formation of Dumb English.92.3 The Reform of Traditional Pedagogy.162.4 The Acquisition of Learning Competence.19III Views on Language and Language Teaching.233.1 The Instrumental View.233.2 The Structural View.233.3 The Functional View.233.4 The Interactional View.243.5 The Experiential Cognitive View.243.6 The Innatist View.24IV Theories and Approaches on Language Learning and Teaching.25inXXX2011届本科生毕业论文4.1 Theories.254.1.1 Communicative Competence.254.1.2 Krasher s Input Hypothesis and Input Processing.264.1.3 Long s Interaction Hypothesis.264.1.4 Swain s Output Hypothesis.274.1.5 Interactional Competence.274.1.6 Vygotsky s Zone of Proximal Development.284.1.7 Chomsky s Language Acquisition Device.284.2 Approaches.294.2.1 Traditional Approaches.294.2.2 Humanistic Approaches.31V Practices in FLT.405.1 Auditing Class.405.1.1 Auditing Common Teachers.405.1.2 Auditing Famous Teachers.405.2 Practice in Real-world English Classroom.41VI Conclusion.43Reference.44Appendix.47Acknowledgement.50IVXXX2011届本科生毕业论文I Introduct i on1.1 The Context of Th i s EssayThe purpose of this essa y is to illustra te the problems tha t English tea chers frequently encounter in their tea ching ca reer a nd solve them with different a pproa ches.Ba ckground:Nowa da ys,English is a popula r subject in China.In prima ry schools,middle schools,high schools,universities a nd beyond,students ha ve been steeping themselves in lea rning English.Da ting ba ck to the la st century,professiona ls in English educa tion put forwa rd plenty of English tea ching theories a nd methods.S ince the ea rly 1900s,the study of a foreign la ngua ge ha s been rega rded a s one of the funda menta l subjects in the curriculum of Middle S chools.S ince 1978,the development of ELT ca n be divided into four ma jor pha ses:R estora tion,R a pid development,R eform a nd Innova tion.In recent yea rs resea rchers ha ve developed a ra nge of perspectives for improving the qua lity of English tea ching a nd lea rning.With economic globa liza tion a nd China,s opening-up policy,the English tea ching qua lity bega n to be given more a ttention.Consequently the English tea chers should improve the tea ching level to meet the dema nd of the times.1.2 An Overv i ew of Contemporary Eng Ii sh Language Teach i ngIntroduction to the content:This essa y ca n be divided into six ma in pa rts.Ea ch dea ls with a centra l theme but integra tes with the other pa rts a s a whole.Pa rt 1 introduces the ba ckground of the thesis a nd contempora ry English tea ching.Pa rt 2 provides four ma in undesira ble problems of English tea ching.Pa rt 3 gives a n overview of la ngua ge a nd la ngua ge tea ching.Pa rt 4 outlines the ma in theories a nd a pproa ches of EFT.S uch a s Communica tive Competence,Chomsky s La ngua ge Acquisition Device,S wa in s Output Hypothesis.Pa rt 5 focuses on the pra ctice in rea l-world English cla ssroom.Pa rt 6 summa rizes the significa nce of tea ching a pplica tion a nd development in brief.R a ising the questions:Fa ced with the current situa tion of English cla ssroom in China,the problems of English cla ssroom in rea l-world ca n be concluded into four ma in ones.1XXX2011届本科生毕业论文Ana lyzing the questions:By using la ngua ge investiga tion a nd resea rch from professiona ls a nd pra cticing tea chers we a dopt the useful theories a nd pra ctice to a na lyze these questions.S olve the questions:Judging from a ll evidence,I will a rrive a t the conclusion,so tha t we ca n improve the qua lity of English tea ching a nd lea rning.IdeologyThere a re ma jor methods a nd a pproa ches in FLT,such a s the Gra mma r-Tra nsla tion Method(a lso ca lled the Tra ditiona l Method,the Old Method,or Cla ssica l Method),the Direct Method,the Audio-lingua l Approa ch(ALM),the S ilent Wa y,S uggestopedia,Community La ngua ge Lea rning,Tota l Physica l R esponse(TPR),the Cognitive Approa ch,the Communica tive Approa ch,Ta sk-Ba sed La ngua ge Tea ching(TBLT)a nd Lea rning-Centered Educa tion.There a re a lso the models of the process of FLT,such a s the PPP Model,Ha rmer5 s ES A Model,Urs PPT Model,a nd Willis,TBL Model.Methods of study:Technica l line:Consulting da ta a nd a uthority,look up technica l files,check the references in the libra ry,bookshop a nd on the Internet.Progra m of the experiment:Listening to English lessons a t different pha ses,such a s Prima ry S chools,Universities.Concluding the experience a nd tea ching methods.Ha ving English lessons for students by myself.Ana lyzing the disa dva nta ges a nd a dva nta ges.Dra wing the conclusions a bout the experiment.It wa s ba sed on the experience of tea ching a nd lea rning in the pa st yea rs on the current interna tiona l theories on la ngua ge tea ching a nd lea rning.We a pply these theories to pra ctice in English cla ssroom,so tha t we ca n a na lyze the disa dva nta ges a nd a dva nta ges in English tea ching a nd lea rning.Achievement:As fa r a s English tea ching a nd lea rning is concerned,a chievements of tea ching theories a nd pra ctice ga ined a s a result of reforms a nd innova tions in recent yea rs.There is something a bout the theories of foreign la ngua ge tea ching a nd lea rning,such a s Learning New Language,Teaching ESL,Understanding Language Teaching,2XXX2011届本科生毕业论文Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language.There is something a bout the tea ching of skills a nd stra tegies,such a s Exploring Second Language Reading,Teaching and Learning Vocabulary,Teaching Second Language Writing.There is something a bout the instruction of lea rning,such a s How to Be a Successful Language Learner;There is something a bout the design of curriculum:Designing Language Courses/there is something a bout the a pproa ches of survey in FLT:Doing Teacher Research,Way of Doing:Students explore their everyday and classroom process;There is something a bout the development of tea chers:Pursuing Professional Development-,There is something a bout the contextua l a nd cultura l tea ching:Teaching Cuiture,Teaching Language in Context,Teachers Handbook;There is something more a bout the methodology:Working with Teaching Methods,Teaching Language,and Methodology in TESOL.Problems:As fa r a s English tea ching a nd lea rning is concerned,despite the a chievement ga ined a s a result of resea rch a nd reform,I a m deeply convinced tha t there rema in significa nt problems for further development.The following four problems need to be a ddressed:Firstly,cra mming educa tion is often considered the common phenomenon on the delivery of knowledge a bout the la ngua ge while ignoring the development of students la ngua ge a bility.S econdly,I note tha t students still la ck using a n intera ctive a pproa ch to communica te in cla ssrooms.Thirdly,tra ditiona l peda gogy often ma kes the cla ss dull,boring a nd uninteresting,which is the rea son why students*compla ints ca ll for a n improvement of tea ching methods.Fina lly,English is not only instrumenta l but a lso communica tive a nd educa tiona l,so wha t is considered importa nt in English cla ssroom should focus on developing students,communica tive competence instea d of developing their knowledge a bout la ngua ge.Tha t is to sa y,the empha sis is put on how to tea ch instea d of how much the students ha ve lea rned.Mea ning:This is a va lua ble resea rch subject,not only a ca demica lly but a lso pra ctica lly to study the English cla ssroom in China.Fa ced with the shorta ge of current situa tion in English cla ssroom,we should find methods to improve the sta nda rd of tea ching.3XXX2011届本科生毕业论文II Four Undes i rabIe Prob Iems i n Engli sh Classroom2.1 A Not i ce to Gramm i ng Educat i onCurrently,studying English in China is aprestigiousthe fa shion,the ra ge”.(S teven,2010)Even though this quote is out-of-da te,the English cra ze ha s not dropped down a nd the number of EFL students in China ha s increa sed.A deca de la ter the estima ted number of EFL students in China is more tha n 200 million with a million EFL tea chers.(Wong 2000)Nowa da ys it is universa l tha t English is used a s a n instrument for communica tion.How do the students a cquire the skills of lea rning English effectively?Tha t is a question deserving serious considera tion of EFL tea chers.Throughout the history,the Tra ditiona l Method wa s so popula r a mong EFL tea chers.The following is a lesson pla n from Y a oya n,a tea cher from Zhuha i Xia ngsha n S chool.S a mple lesson pla n 1Ha ppy English in prima ry school,Gra de 5 Unit 9 wha t will the wea ther be like?The second periodForm 2-1Ta rget:1、Lea rn the sentences.1)Wha t will the wea ther be like tomorrow morning?It will be cold.There will be snowy.2)Wha t will the wea ther be like in the a fternoon?It will be sunny2、S ounds a nd words.ba ke buy box brea k ba seba ll ba lloonV oca bula ry:tomorrow,the da y a fter tomorrow,morning,a fternoon,evening,snow,wind,ra in.K ey points a nd difficult points:1、new voca bula ryDistinguish the difference between noun a nd a djective2、a sk a nd a nswer a bout wea therMa teria ls:pictures、ca lenda r、little bla ckboa rd.4XXX2011届本科生毕业论文Tea ching procedures:S tepl.R evision1、Look a t the pictures a nd sa y the words.2、Open the books a nd rea d voca bula ry.3、a sk a nd a nswer.A:Wha t*s the wea ther like toda y?B:It s windy.A:Wha t wa s the wea ther like yesterda y morning?B:It wa s cloudy.S tep2.Presenta tion1、Look a t the pictures a sk a nd a nswer.A:Wha t will the wea ther be like in the a fternoon?B:It will be wa rm.2、S ing the song cha nt a ctivity(just listen a t the first time,follow the tea cher a t the second time)Finish:Listen,write a nd cha nt.S tep3.Conversa tion:1)The students rea d the Conversa tion for 2 minutes with one to two questions.2)Let s listen to the ta pe a nd rea d the story.3)Tea ch the new words in the Conversa tion a nd empha size the difference between noun a nd a djective4)Tra nsla te the sentence from English to Chinese one by one.5)Let s listen a ga in a nd repea t.6)Encoura ge students to imita te the tones by using different roles.7)Act:Four S s to be Doctor,Gogo,Tony,Jenny to a ct.S tep4.DrillP51 Activity:1、The tea cher rea d the text two times.2、Let the S s rea d 3 minutes by themselves.3、The S s finish the question by groups a nd the tea cher check in.4、Five S s write down the a nswer on the Bb.And the whole cla ss checks up them.S tep5.Exercises.1、Finish Workbook P32 by the S s.5XXX2011届本科生毕业论文S tep6.Homework.Write a wea ther report.Ana lyzing from step 3 of 1)-5)a bove design of English tea ching procedures,this la ngua ge tea ching method wa s conducted like this:Firstly,Questions tha t follow a rea ding pa ssa ge.S econdly,tra nsla te litera ry pa ssa ges from one la ngua ge to a nother.Thirdly,memorize gra mma r rules.La st,memorize na tive-la ngua ge equiva lents of the ta rget la ngua ge voca bula ry.Genera lly spea king,it is a good wa y for a pprecia tion of cla ssica l litera ture,while this a pproa ch is viewed a s“dea d la ngua ge”in toda ys English cla ssroom.(Liu Y umei&Xia o S u,2007)Why do we sa y so?There a re seven a spects tha t we ca n illustra te.First,cla sses a re ta ught in the mother tongue of the students,with little a ctive use of the ta rget la ngua ge.S econd,voca bula ry is ta ught in the form of isola ted words lists equiva lents of ta rget la ngua ge.Third,Ela bora te expla na tions of gra mma r a re a lwa ys provided with exa mple sentences.Four,Gra mma r instruction provides the rules for putting words together;Instructions often focus on the form a nd inflection of the words.Five,R ea ding of difficult texts is begun ea rly in the course of study,which a re trea ted a s exercises in the gra mma tica l a na lysis with little a ttention to the content of texts.S ix,often the only drills a re exercises in tra nsla ting disconnected sentences from the ta rget la ngua ge into the mother tongue,a nd vice versa.La st,little or no a ttention is given to pronuncia tion.(Liu Y umei&Xia o S u,2007)On the whole,tra ditiona l method a ims a t empha sizing the importa nce of gra mma r,otherwise it often lea ds to la ck the dyna mic a nd ha ppy surroundings in the cla ssroom.As Chomsky put it,children wa s born with a specia l a bility to process la ngua ge through a n inna te/zla ngua ge a cquisition device”(LAD).This theory ha s been influentia l in terms of the strong implica tions for cla ssroom instruction,which tends to help tea chers crea te a n interesting input in a low-a nxiety environment.While the lea rners a cquire la ngua ge effectively,the most importa nt pha se is the input processing.The lea rners a re better a ble to ma ke connections between form a nd mea ning a nd thus convert input to inta ke(a filtered,processed version of the input).This inta ke is then incorpora ted by the lea rner in developing a linguistic system,which is used to produce output in the la ngua ge.Thus the ultima te purpose is tha t lea rners ca n use a mix of conscious a nd subconscious process to produce la ngua ge.(Judith&Eileen,2003)6XXX