动词分类及几类常见的特殊行为动词课件省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

动词分类概述英语中动词是最活跃词性，英语时态表达，句子类型表达都要落实在动词变形上，所以学好动词无疑是学好英语必经之路，掌握好各类动词也就成了英语入门瓶颈。第1页动词总体分类示意图动词类别 特点举例助动词组成时态，语态，否定，疑问Have/has+doneWill+doIs+donedo 情态动词说话人语气Must/may/can等系动词连接主语和表语be/look/sound/get行为动词表示人行为like/run第2页助动词助动词定义及特征本身无意义，不能独立做谓语，只能与其后主动词一起共同组成谓语。主要用来帮助组成时态，语态，否定，疑问等He will go to Beijing tomorrow.He has visited the Great Wall twice.The old man was killed last night.He doesnt like cats.Do you enjoy learning English?第3页常见助动词1 Be He is reading books now.The machine was invented last year.2 has/have+done3 do/does/did4 will/would/shall第4页助动词后续搭配主语+助动词+主动词+其它I will go to Beijing tomorrow.第5页助动词否定和疑问方法否定：在助动词后+notI will support you forever.否定句为I will not support you forever.疑问：前提助动词He has seen that movie.普通疑问句为Has he seen that mobie?第6页Be 动词(am/is/are)1 必定句:主语+be 动词+其它(名词/形容词/介词短语/不定式等）He is a teacher.He is clever.He is at home.My dream is to become a teacher.2 否定句:在 be 动词后+not 3 普通疑问句及其必定或否定回答。前提 be 动词，必定回答：yes,主语+is/are.否定回答：no,主语+isnt/no,主语+arent第7页Is your father at home?Yes,he is.No,he is not.4 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+普通疑问句Where is your father?Where are you from?第8页系动词特征 不能独立做谓语，必须与后面表语一起才能组成谓语，有些人称和数改变。He looks young.They look young.第9页系动词分类a.表状态 be She is beautiful.b.表连续系动词 He remains silent.他保 持缄默 He stays angry with his mother for many years.keep healthyc.表象系动词 seem/appear She seems worried.He appeared tired.第10页d.感官系动词feel/smell/sound/taste/lookHe looks much younger than his real age.That sounds great.The cake tastes good.This kind of silk feels soft.e.表改变系动词become/get/go/turn/fallHe fell asleep while listening to music.He got angy when he heard the news.His face went red when he realized his mistake.第11页f.表结果系动词prove/turn outThat rumor proved false.What he said turned out true.第12页系动词后续搭配后面常跟形容词不能给副词He gets angry.He gets angrily.This cake tastes good.This cake tastes well.第13页系动词否定和疑问方法1.be 否定 在be 后面+not,be 疑问前提be She is beautiful.She is not beautiful.Is she beautiful?2.其余系动词否定和疑问词方法与行为动词否定和疑问方法相同。She looks beautiful.She doesnt look beautiful.Does she look beautiful?第14页行为动词第15页行为动词定义及特征表示主语行为动作及状态，在句子中能够独立作谓语，伴随人称，数量，时态改变而改变。He works in a hospital.They work in a hospital.He worked in a hospital last year.第16页行为动词分类1 及物动词 后面直接+宾语We love peace.2 不及物动词 后面+介词+宾语Dont laugh at those who are in trouble.He is listening to music.第17页行为动词后续搭配及物动词+宾语不及物动词+介词+宾语宾语能够是名词，代词，动名词,不定式等 千万不要用形容词，副词，动词原形做宾语。I like happy.I like eat apples.第18页行为动词否定和疑问方法否定：在行为动词前 dont/doesnt didnt 动词还原。He likes dogs.He doesnpt like dogs.疑问:在句首前+do/does/did,动词还原 He likes dogs.Does he like dogs.第19页情态动词第20页情态动词特征1 情态动词不能独立做谓语，必须要和后面主动词一起才能组成谓语。判断以下句子正误 you must at home.You must be at home.2 情态动词没有些人称和数改变，其后一律跟动词原形。判断以下句子正误.He can swimming.He can swims.He can swim.第21页情态动词疑问和否定方法疑问：前提情态动词 He can swim.疑问句_否定句：在情态动词后+not You must waste your time.否定句_第22页主要情态动词一览表原形过去式词义同义词组cancould能够/可能/能够be able to domaymight能够/能够 无mustmust必须/一定have to willwould愿意无shall should应该be supposed to dohad better无最好无need无需要无第23页各个情态动词详细使用方法1 can/coulda.表能力Can you play the guitar?Yes,I can.No,I cant.b.表推测，多用在否定句中，翻译成 一定不That man cant be John,for he has gone to America.c.表请求许可 Can/could I leave now?Yes,you can./No,you cant.注意：用could 提问用can 回答。d.表邀请 can you come to my birthday party?Yes,Id love to,but 第24页2 may/might 使用方法a.表推测 意思为：可能。He may/might be ill,but I am not sure.b.表请求,许可 May I know your QQ number?Yes,you may.No,you mustnt.c.表祝福May you succeed.第25页3 must 使用方法a.表命令 You must leave right away.你必须马上离开。b.表禁止 You mustnt take photos here.你绝对不能在这拍照。c.表示推测 翻译成 一定 He must be in his office,for the light in his room is still on.注意:mustnt 不能表示否定推测，只能表示禁止，要表示否定推测 只能用 cantMust 提出疑问句，必定回答用must.否定回答用 neednt 或者 dont have to.-must I hand in my homework today?-No,you neednt/you dont have to.第26页4 will/woulda.表意愿-will you marry him?-yes,I will.-will you go fishing with me?-yes,I will.b.表示委婉请求-would you open the door please?-would you mind opening the door?c.表决心I will study hard from now on.-Dont waste your time anymore.-I wont.第27页5 shall/shoulda.征求意见-Shall we go swimming this weekend?-Thats a good idea.-what should we do for our parents birthday?b.表示义务，责任As a student,we should study hard.c.表提议，翻译成应该。You should see a dentist.You should not stay up too late.第28页6 had better提提议，翻译成 最好。You d better give up smoking.Youd better not smoke.7 needNeed 用作情态动词时，意思为：需要，只用在否定和疑问句中，不用在必定句中，其后+动词原形否定形式为 needntYou neednt get up so early,for we still have a lot of time left.Need 用作行为动词时，后+to do否定形式为 dont need/doesnt needI need to have a rest.You dont need to do that.第29页