关系副词引导的定语从句课件省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

Unit 5 The Attributive Clause 第1页关系词关系词先行词所指先行词所指 关系词在关系词在从句从句中作用中作用关系关系代词代词that人人/物物主主语语、宾、宾语语、表语表语which物物主主语语、宾、宾语语,表语表语who人人主主语语、宾、宾语语whom人人宾宾语语whose人人/物物定定语语(whose+n.)as主语.宾语The use of the relative pronoun(关系代词关系代词)口诀口诀:定语从句三步：定语从句三步：第一找出先行词第一找出先行词第二看先行词在定语从句中第二看先行词在定语从句中 语法功效（做主语、宾语或状语法功效（做主语、宾语或状 语）语）第三选择适当关系词第三选择适当关系词第2页1.This is al l _ I know about the matter.A.that B.What C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else _ you want?A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall.A.which B.that C.where D.itChoose the best answers:第3页4.Please take the second chair _ is over there.A.where B.which C.who D.that 5.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A.that B./C.which D.it 6.Finally,the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police（NMET98)A.which B.what C.whatever D.that 第4页7.The weather turned out to be very good,_ was more than we expected.A.what B.which C.that D.it第5页关系副词使用方法关系副词使用方法关系副关系副词词指代指代n在从句中作用when(=at/in/on/during which)where(=in/at/on/under which)why(=for which)时间时间时间状语时间状语地点地点地点状语地点状语原因原因原因状语原因状语第6页n（一）关系副词（一）关系副词where引导定语从句。引导定语从句。nwhere引导定语从句其先行词往往是表示引导定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点名词。地点名词。n例：例：nChina is the only country where wild pandas can be found.nThis is the house where I lived two years ago.第7页知识拓展：知识拓展：1.关系副词关系副词where引导定语从句能够转换引导定语从句能够转换为为“介词介词(in/on/at/under等等)+which”引引导定语从句。导定语从句。Eg:The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel in which we stayed wasnt clean.=The hotel which/that we stayed in wasnt clean.第8页nThe house where LuXun once lived is being repaired now.=The house in which LuXun once lived is being repaired now.第9页n2.若定语从句先行词是若定语从句先行词是地点地点，但定语，但定语从从句缺主语或宾语句缺主语或宾语，用，用which或或that引导定引导定语从句，而不用语从句，而不用where来引导。来引导。The library that/which you visited yesterday was built in 1990.第10页n3.假如定语从句分别修饰假如定语从句分别修饰point,situation,stage,condition和和case,position 等表示抽象意义词，惯用等表示抽象意义词，惯用where/prep+which引导，意思是引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。例：例：Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.第11页n【经典例题经典例题】n1.Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently.nA.that B.when nC.which D.where 第12页n2.Life is like a long race _we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.nA.why B.what nC.that D.where第13页n3.I have reached a point in my life I am supposed to make decisions of my own.nA.which B.where nC.how D.why 第14页n4.They will fly to Washington,_ they plan to stay for two or three days.nA.where B.there nC.which D.when 第15页nwhen引导定语从句其先行词往往是表示引导定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间名词。时间名词。n例：例：nThe time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.（二）关系副词（二）关系副词when引导定语从句引导定语从句第16页 先行词是time时n若若time 是作是作“次数次数”讲时，应用关系代词讲时，应用关系代词that引导定语从句，引导定语从句，that能够省略。能够省略。nThis is the second time(that)the president has visited the country.nI could hardly remember how many times(that)Ive failed.n若若time 作作”一段时间，时代一段时间，时代”讲时，应用关讲时，应用关系副词系副词when 或介词或介词at/during+which 引导引导定语从句定语从句nThis was at a time when/duing which there was no radios,no telephones or no TVs.第17页n1.This is the second time_ I have been here.n2.Can you still remember the time _we spent together in our childhood.n3.The first time _he saw her,he fell in love with her.n(1.that/不填 2.that/which 3.that/不填)第18页n4)We are living in a age _ many things are done on the Internet.nA.Which B.ThatnC.Whose D.when第19页n知识拓展：知识拓展：n1.关系副词关系副词when引导定语从句也能够转引导定语从句也能够转换为换为“介词介词(in/at/on/during)+which”引引导定语从句。导定语从句。nI still remember the time when(during which)I lived in the countryside.第20页n2.若定语从句若定语从句先行词是时间，先行词是时间，但定语但定语从从句缺主语或宾语句缺主语或宾语，则用，则用which或或that引导引导定语从句。定语从句。n Ill never forget the time that/which I spent on campus.nIll never forget the time that/which was spent with you.第21页n1.Because of the financial crisis,days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.nA.ifB.when nC.which D.since第22页n2.We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.nA.which B.whose nC.in which D.with which 第23页n3.Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.nA.Who nB.WhichnC.WhynD.When 第24页n（三）关系副词（三）关系副词why 引导定语从句。引导定语从句。nwhy引导定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因引导定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因名词，如：名词，如：excuse;explanation;reason等。等。n例：例：nThe reason why he didnt come to the party is that he didnt want to see Jane.第25页nWe cant accept the excuse why you were absent.nThis is the explanation why they put off the meeting.第26页n知识拓展：知识拓展：n1.关系副词关系副词why引导定语从句能够转换引导定语从句能够转换为为“for+which”引导定语从句。引导定语从句。nThis is the reason why(=for which)I didnt come here.第27页n2.若定语从句先行词是若定语从句先行词是reason，但定语，但定语从句缺主语或宾语从句缺主语或宾语，则用，则用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。nThe reason that/which she gave me was not true.第28页n即学即用n1)The reason _he didnt come was that he was ill.n2)The reason he explained is not true.why that/which 第29页n3)The reason _ he was absent was _ he had a bad cold.nA.When,becausenB.When,whynC.Why becausenD.Why that第30页(四)Way 后接定语从句情况nway 后面定语从句引导词有后面定语从句引导词有which/in which/that/不填不填，如：，如：n I recognized hes from Australia fromn the way _ he speaks.in which(that/不不填填)第31页填上适当关系词并分析原因填上适当关系词并分析原因：1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺状语缺状语缺宾语缺宾语缺乏主语或宾语缺乏主语或宾语:引导词用引导词用that/which/不填不填(缺宾语时缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺主语宾语都不缺:引导词用引导词用that/in which/不填不填第32页n1.I dont like the way _you laugh at her.n In which/that/不填第33页（四）判断关系代词与关系副词（四）判断关系代词与关系副词 第34页n1.This is the mountain village _ _ I visited last year.n2.This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year.n3.This is the mountain village _ _ I stayed in last year.that/whichwherethat/which/不填不填第35页介词可后移，此时关系代词能够省略nThis is the book for which you asked.n=This is the book which/that/不填 you asked for.n不过有些固定动词短语不能拆开，介词不能提前，只能能够放在动词后面nEg.This is Xu Jingleis latest movie(which/that)she is looking for.第36页n1.Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago?nA.whereB.that nC.on whichD.the onen2.Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held?nA.where B.thatnC.on whichD.the one第37页n归纳：归纳：n关系词选择依据先行词在从句中所作成关系词选择依据先行词在从句中所作成份，先行词在从句中作份，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词时，选择关系代词 (who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中作；先行词在从句中作状状语语时，应选择关系副词时，应选择关系副词 (where 地点状地点状语，语，when 时间状语，时间状语，why 原因状语原因状语)。第38页“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句介词后关系代词只能是介词后关系代词只能是which（指物指物）whom（指人指人）第39页介词选择三标准：n一 介词依据从句谓语动词搭配习惯而确定n on which I spent 5 yuan.n for which I paid 5 yuan.nThis is the book from which I learnt a lot.about which Tom often talks第40页二.介词依据先行词搭配习惯而 确定 nI remember the day on which I joined n the Party.n the days during which I n lived here.n the month in whic I stayed n there.第41页三.介词依据从句所表示意义而 确定nMy computer,without which I cant play computer games,crashed yesterday.nLearning a countrys culture is like opening a window,through which you can know about that country better.第42页四.当表示全部关系或是整体中一部分时，常用 of which/whom 引导定语从句nThe old man has two sons,both of whom are doctors.nThis is the house,the windows of which(whose window)are very beautiful.第43页五.介词短语+关系代词n常见短语：at the foot of;at the bake of;n in front of;on the top ofnEg:They stayed in a big hotel,in front of which was a garden.第44页六.名词（代词/数词）+of+关系 代词n该结构普通引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中普通做主语nEg;The building had been repaired,the roof of which was destroyed again in the big fire.第45页七.介词+whose n在定语从句中做在定语从句中做定语定语，修饰其后名词，修饰其后名词Eg:She is the very person in whose pocket I found my lost watch.第46页n1.Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time.nA.Of whichnB.With withnC.About whichnD.Into which第47页n2.The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.nA.In itnB.In nC.In thatnD.In which第48页n3.Tom received training in a computer for one year,_ he found a job in a big company.nA.After thatnB.After whichnC.After itnD.After this第49页n4.We saw several natives advancing towards our party,and one of them came up to us,_ we gave some bells and glasses.nA.to which B.to whomnC.with whom D.With that第50页n5.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten n Windows,most of _ hadnt been n cleaned for ten years.n A.these B.those C.that D.which 第51页n定语从句与其它从句比较定语从句与其它从句比较n1.非限制性定语从句和单句非限制性定语从句和单句/并列句比较并列句比较nHe has two sons.Both of_ are teachers.（句）句）nHe has two sons,and both of _are teachers.（句）句）nHe has two sons;both of _are teachers.（句）句）nHe has two sons,both of _are teachers.（句）句）nA.them B.whomA简单简单AA并列并列并列并列B定语从定语从第52页n分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语从句、简单句和并列句一个关键。分定语从句、简单句和并列句一个关键。第53页n2.as 引导非限制性定语从句与引导非限制性定语从句与 it引导句子引导句子nThe earth is round,and _is known to all.n_is known to all,the earth is round.n_is known to all that the earth is round.nA.(I)it B.A(a)s ABA第54页n3.定语从句和状语从句定语从句和状语从句n(1)This is such a big stone _no one can lift it.（从句）从句）nThis is such a big stone _no one can lift.（从句）从句）状语状语thatas定语定语分析：从引导词来看，状语从句中分析：从引导词来看，状语从句中that 是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而定是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而定语从句中语从句中as在从句中要作一个成份（主语，在从句中要作一个成份（主语，宾语或表语）。宾语或表语）。第55页n(2)Please put the letter in the drawer where he can easily find it.（从句）从句）nPlease put the letter where he can easily find it.（从句）从句）定语定语状语状语总结：总结：where前面有被修饰前面有被修饰地点名词地点名词时，时，是定语从句，不然是状语从句。是定语从句，不然是状语从句。第56页n4.when引导定语从句与强调句句型。引导定语从句与强调句句型。nIt was October _we met in Beijing for the first time.（句）句）nIt was in October _ we met in Beijing for the first time.（句）句）whenthat定语从定语从强调强调总结：强调句句型：总结：强调句句型：It is/was+被强调部被强调部分分+that/who+其它部分，去掉其它部分，去掉It is/wasthat/who,句子照样成立。而句子照样成立。而定语从句引导词在句中要作一成份。定语从句引导词在句中要作一成份。第57页n解题技巧：解题技巧：n1.通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。n2.题干句假如是疑问句式，将其转化为题干句假如是疑问句式，将其转化为陈说句式。陈说句式。n3.分析从句句子结构，在定语从句中，分析从句句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词n4.注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词连词and,but等。等。第58页n即学即用：即学即用：n1)Yesterday my physics teacher set such a difficult exam problem _ none of us worked out.nA.that B.as nC.so that D.whichB 第59页n2)Here are players from Japan,some of _ are our old friends.nA.which B.that nC.whom D.themC 第60页n3)It was eleven oclock _ they went out of the cinema.nA.which B.that nC.when D.on whichC 第61页1.Ill never forget the days _ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place _ I worked ten years ago.when/in whichwhichwhere/in which几个易混情况几个易混情况及物动词及物动词第62页4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.whichwhy/for whichthat/which及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词第63页1.Last week,0nly two people came to look at the house，_ wanted to buy them.A.None of them B.Both of them C.None of whomD.Neither of whom第64页The man pulled out a golden watch,-_were made of small diamonds.A.The hands of whomB.Whom the hands ofC.Which the hands ofD.The hands of which第65页The newly built cafe,the walls of _are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,especially after hard work.A.ThatB.ItC.whatD.which第66页Thats the new machian_parts are too small to be seen.A.ThatB.Which C.WhoseD.what第67页You will find taxis waiting at the bus station _you can hire to reach your host family.A.WhichB.WhereC.when D.as第68页Julie was good at German,French,and Russian,all of _she spoke fluently.A.Who B.Whom C.Which D.that第69页(四川高考四川高考)That evening,_ I will tell you more about later,I ended up working very late.Awhich BthatCwhen Dwhat第70页(陕西高考陕西高考)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends,_ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.Awhich Bwhere Cwho Dthat 第71页(合肥质量调研合肥质量调研)I remember early spring mornings _ my grandmother would tell me to sit quietly and then read me books.Awhen BwhyCwhere Dwhich第72页(杭州第二次质量检测杭州第二次质量检测)Nowadays young people just cant live without the Internet,_ they depend on for whatever information they need.Awhen BwhichCwhere Dthat第73页 I dont like _ you speak to her.A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which第74页专题专练专题专练1.Do you think such a place _ you speak of is worth visiting?2.He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday,_ I doubt very much.3.There is a lake near our schoolyard,_ depth is out of your expectation.4.-Do you have anything in mind _ youd like for supper?-Well,anything is Ok for me.5.The house in _ he used to live has turned into a library.as which whose that which =the lakes 第75页6.Students in our school,most of _ are from the south of China,enjoy rice very much.7.Can you think of a situation _ this idiom is used?8._ is often the case,teachers in our school usually return to school on Sunday evenings.9.Which is the road _ leads to the village _ you were born?10.The newcomer is from Jiangxi,_ I can tell from his accent.whom where As that where which =in which 第76页